Feed Additives

Question 1

They are made of organic acid or a mixture of organic acids. When incorporated in the ration, they exert their effect on the gastrointestinal environment by lowering the stomach pH. Low stomach pH prevents the growth and proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, thus, promoting better feed efficiency.

Answer 1

Acidifiers or Acidulants

Question 2

Examples of Acidifiers or Acidulants

Answer 2

phosphoric acid
citric acid
lactic acid
fumaric acid
acetic acid

Question 3

These are chemical products produced by microorganisms, which are added in the mixed feed at subtherapeutic level. These materials may increase growth rate and feed conversion in animals, but are potentially harmful when improperly used.

Answer 3

Antibiotics

Question 4

Examples of antibiotics

Answer 4

aureomycin
streptomycin
erythromycin
neomycin
virginiamycin
tylosin
chlortetracycline.

Question 5

These agents are used to improve the flowability of grains and feeds by preventing feedstuffs from adhering to surfaces, on the inside walls of silos, bins, conveying systems and mixers.

Answer 5

Anticaking agents

Question 6

These are used in the prevention and treatment of malaria.

Answer 6

Antimalarials

Question 7

Examples of antimalarials

Answer 7

pyrimethamine and chloroquine diphosphate

Question 8

These are chemical preservatives added to the feeds to protect them from decomposition by microorganisms.

Answer 8

Antimolds

Question 9

Most common antimolds

Answer 9

propionic acid or its salts
calcium
sodium propionate

Question 10

Other organic acids that can inhibit mold growth

Answer 10

formic acid
sorbic acid
fumaric acid
citric acid

Question 11

These are used to prevent rancidity in feeds. Feeds containing 12% or more moisture and feeds containing fat or oil should be added with anti-oxidant.

Answer 11

Antioxidants

Question 12

Commonly used antioxidants

Answer 12

butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)
santoquin
butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA)
calcium carbonate
phosphoric acid
citric acid

Question 13

These are administered to prevent and control coccidiosis.

Answer 13

Coccidiostats

Question 14

Examples of coccidiostats

Answer 14

alkomide
amprolium
clopidol
narasin

Question 15

These are used against internal parasites of the animals.

Answer 15

Dewormers

Question 16

Examples of dewormers

Answer 16

flubendazole
tetramizole
oxfendazole

Question 17

These are protein molecules that have the ability to catalyze biochemical reactions. Commercial feed enzymes are used to increase the digestibility of some feedstuffs under certain conditions. These feed additives may contain one or more enzyme activities, with each activity maintaining substrate specificity.

Answer 17

Enzymes

Question 18

Examples of enzymes

Answer 18

Protease
Amylase
Phytase
Lipase

Question 19

Feed flavors induce feed intake particularly for piglets. Using feed flavors in mixed feed may disguise the presence of unpalatable ingredients. Commercially available feed flavoring incorporates the aroma and taste of milk, freshly ground corn, molasses, fresh forage, sweet whey, sugar and apple.

Answer 19

Flavorings

Question 20

These are agents added to improve the texture and firmness of pelleted feeds.

Answer 20

Pellet binders

Question 21

Examples of pellet binders

Answer 21

gelatin extract derivatives
galactomannan gum

Question 22

These are chemical agents added to enhance coloration and pigmentation of the skin or of the egg yolk in poultry.

Answer 22

Pigmenters

Question 23

Examples of pigmenters

Answer 23

Carophyll yellow
Carophyll red
Carophyll orange

Question 24

It is used if the diet of birds does not contain sources of carotene. It produces egg yolk in the shade of 6 in the standard yolk color fan.

Answer 24

Carophyll yellow

Question 25

It is added to the diet if deeper color of the egg yolk is desired, i.e., greater than the shade 12 in the color fan.

Answer 25

Carophyll red

Question 26

It produces egg yolk with shade deeper than 6 but less than 12.

Answer 26

Carophyll orange

Question 27

It consists of a series of colored tabs arranged as a fan corresponding to the range of yolk colors found in the eggs.

Answer 27

Yolk color fan

Question 28

Probiotics is also known as...

Answer 28

Live microbial supplements

Question 29

Also known as live microbial supplements, these are beneficial microorganisms (mainly lactic acid producing bacteria and yeast combinations) added to rations to improve the intestinal microbial balance of the animal.

Answer 29

Probiotics

Question 30

Examples of microorganisms/probiotics

Answer 30

Lactobacillus sp. Bifido bacterium sp.

Question 31

These are used to increase lean-muscle and reduce fat deposition in carcasses when added in the diet during the finishing period.

Answer 31

Repartitioning agents

Question 32

Examples of repartitioning agents

Answer 32

chromium and hormones

Question 33

These are chemical agents that facilitate uniform dispersion of molecules in feeds or feed mixtures.  

Answer 33

Surfactants

Question 34

These are used for detoxification of mycotoxin- contaminated feeds and raw materials  by  either  chelating the mycotoxin or by blocking the effect of mycotoxin at the digestive tract of animals that ingested the contaminated feeds.  

Answer 34

Toxin binders

Question 35

Examples of commonly used toxin binders

Answer 35

Polyvinylpyrrolidone and aluminum silicate