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Sem 3: Nutrition > Feeding specific groups - EP > Flashcards

Feeding specific groups - EP Flashcards

(38 cards)

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1
Q

1 cup of ________ can be supplemented in the diet of performance horses to replace 3-4 cups of concentrate

A

Fats / oils

** takes 2-3 months to adapt

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2
Q

Older horses should have a BCS of _______ prior to winter

A

4-6

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3
Q

What makes up an ideal diet for aged horses?

A
  1. Palatable
  2. Easily digested/ masticated
  3. REMOVE COMPETITION
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4
Q

True or False: Starved horses should immediately be put on a high quality diet

A

FALSE - start low and go slow

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5
Q

Result of giving a starved horse a high quality, high concentrate diet?

A

Refeeding syndrome - fatal increase in blood insulin, cardiac and resp failure

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6
Q

Feeding requirements for a starved horses?

A

Start on LOW glycemic index

  • Introduce roughage only @ 50-75% of maintenance (based on current BW)
  • Gradually increase over 10 days to maintenance
  • Increase up to 125%
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7
Q

What horses are more at risk for EMS?

A

YOUNG, obese horses

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8
Q

How to treat EMS?

A

LOW glycemic index diet

  • NO grass pasture
  • Exercise IMPT
  • If EMS is controlled, horse can graze using a grazing muzzle and should go out in the morning when NSC are low
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9
Q

What horses are more at risk for PPID?

A

OLD, obese horses

  • Morgans and ponies
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10
Q

CS associated with PPID?

A
  1. PU/PD
  2. Abnormal fat distribution
  3. Laminitis
  4. Hirsutism- abnormally long hair coat
  5. Lethargy
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11
Q

PPID can also be referred to as?

A

Equine Cushings dz

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12
Q

How to feed a horse with PPID?

A
  1. Low glycemic index diet
  2. Forage diet
  3. Avoid pasture with high NCS (in evening)
  4. Soak hay to decrease NCS
  5. Small frequent meals
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13
Q

___________ is a life threatening condition with a 56% survival rate

A

Hyperlipemia

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14
Q

What horses are at risk for hyperlipemia?

A
  1. Ponies
  2. Donkeys
  3. Miniature horses
  4. Pregnant / lactating females
  5. Obesity
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15
Q

Easiest way to diagnose hyperlipemia?

A

Collect blood, put in EDTA purple top tube, observe cloudy/fatty sample to diagnose

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16
Q

How to feed a horse with hyperlipemia?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Enteral nutrition if appetent - palatable foods
  2. ** Tube feeding liquefied pelleted complete feeds + alfalfa pellets in a “slurry”
17
Q

What is not suggested for treatment of a horse with hyperlipemia?

Study These Flashcards
A

Do not terminate pregnancy, thats stressful

Do not wean / take away baby from mom - stressful!

18
Q

CS associated with hyperlipemia? (9)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Anorexia
  2. Dysphagia
  3. Colic
  4. Pyrexia
  5. Encephalopathy
  6. Depression
  7. Weakness
  8. Abortion
  9. Rapid weight loss
19
Q

What are the developmental orthopedic diseases?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Physitis
  2. Angular limb deformities
  3. Flexural deformities
  4. Osteochondorsis & OCD
  5. Cervical vertebral malformation
20
Q

Key factors thought to be involved in DOD? (7)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Rapid growth
  2. Diet imbalance - hypernutrition
  3. Cu and Zn deficiency
  4. Stress or trauma (too much exercise @ young age)
  5. Hormonal factors - Hyperinsulinemia
  6. Unbalanced Ca:P ratio
  7. Genetic disposition
21
Q

What is the most common DOD in Thorough breds?

Study These Flashcards
A

Physitis / Epiphysitis

22
Q

How to treat physitis?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. REST
  2. Decrease nutritional plane - roughage only
  3. Supplement Ca or P depending on ratio
23
Q

What is carpal valgus?

Study These Flashcards
A

Lateral deviation of carpus

** angular limb deformity

24
Q

What is fetlock varus?

Study These Flashcards
A

Medial deviation of fetlock

** angular limb deformity

25
How to treat angular limb deformities?
1. Stall confinement / Rest 2. Trimming / Shoeing 3. Sx if needed
26
How can horses acquire flexural limb deformities?
1. Rapidly growing foals 2. Excessive energy intake after previous inadequate energy
27
How to treat flexural limb deformities?
1. Exercise 2. Shoeing 3. Sx : Desmotomy or Tenotomy
28
____________ is a condition that is seen by fragments of bone lesions on xray
Osteochondorsis & OCD
29
CS associated with OCD?
Lameness +/- effusion
30
Treatment for OCD?
Arthroscopy Make sure mom horse has adequate nutrition
31
What DOD can cause worse CS when the neck of a horse is extended?
Cervical vertebral malformation - becomes wobbly
32
When should colostrum be consumed?
First 12 hours
33
How to treat esophageal obstruction?
Nasal tube lavage, feed soaked, oatmeal like feed
34
How to decrease cribbing from occurring?
Feed more hay/roughage, increase exercise
35
Concerns associated with cribbing?
- Epiploic foramen entrapment from aspirating air - incisor wear
36
How to float teeth?
Maxillary: buccal surface Mandibular: lingual surface
37
What is quidding?
Dropping food while eating
38
When should a horse with PPID be put out on pasture?
** Early morning (Low NSCs) **

Sem 3: Nutrition (7 decks)

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