Feedstuff values Flashcards by Martine Lefstad

Cereal grains

CP, CF, EE, NFE, DE, minerals, vitamins

CP: 10-15% low/medium (low in Lys, Met, Cys, Thr, Try)
CF: 2-3% low
EE: 2-3% low
NFE: 70-80% high
DE: 12-15 MJ/kg high

Ca: 0,3-1g/kg low
P: 3-4g/kg relative high

Vit B complex
Vit E

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Corn (cereal grains)

CP, CF, EE, NFE, DE, minerals, vitamins, amount in diet

CP: 10% LOWEST
CF: 2-3% low
EE: 4%
NFE: 70-80% high
DE: 15MJ/kg HIGHEST

Ca: 0,3-1g/kg low
P: 3-4g/kg relative high

Vit A (cryptoxhantophyll)

40-60% of diet

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Wheat (cereal grains)

CP, CF, EE, NFE, DE, minerals, vitamins, amount in diet, DM

CP: 14-15% HIGHEST
CF: 2-3% low
EE: 2-3% low
NFE: 70-80% high
DE: 12-15MJ/kg high

Ca: 0,3-1g/kg low
P: 3-4g/kg relative high

Vit E
B3 (nicotinic acid)

10-30% in diet

HIGHEST DM 90%

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Barley (cereal grains)

CP, CF, EE, NFE, DE, minerals, vitamins, DM

CP: 10-15% low/medium (def. in Lys)
CF: 5-6% quite high
EE: 2% low
NFE: 70-80% high
DE: 12-14MJ/kg

Ca: 0,3-1g/kg
P: 4g/kg HIGHEST of cereals

Vit B complex
Vit E

DM: 87%

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Oat (cereal grains)

CP, CF, EE, DE, minerals, vitamins

CP: 12-13 % low quality (HIGH in Lys, def. in Met, His)
CF: 12% HIGHEST
EE: 5% HIGHEST
DE: 12MJ/kg LOWEST

Ca: 0,3-1g/kg low
P: 3-4g/kg relative high

Vit B complex
Vit E

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Grain legumes

CP, CF, EE, NFE, DE, minerals, vitamins

CP: 20-30% (high in Lys, low in Met, Cys, Try)
CF: 5-13%
EE: low
NFE: 25-30%
DE: 10-15MJ/kg

Ca: 1-2g/kg

Vit E

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Field pea (grain legumes)
(CP, CF, EE, vitamins, amount in diet, daily amount: dairy cow)

CP: 20-25% LOWEST
CF: 6% relative high
EE: 2-4% low

B3 (nicotinic acid)
B5 (pantothenic acid)

15-20% of diet
Dairy cow: 1,5kg/day (more = butter breaks into pieces)

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Horse bean (grain legumes)
(CP, amount in diet, daily amount: horse, cow)

CP: 25-30% HIGH LYS (low Met, Cys)

15% of diet
Horse: 3kg/day
Dairy cow: 2kg/day

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Lupines (grain legumes)

CP, amount in diet, daily amount: dairy cow

CP: 30-35% HIGHEST (except soya bean? 33-40%)

15% of diet
Dairy cow: 2kg/day

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Soya bean (grain legumes)
( CP, EE, daily amount: cow, amount in diet: poultry)

CP: 33-40%
EE: 20% (linoleic, linolenic acid)

Only used as protein supplement!

Cow: 1kg/day
Poultry: up to 40%

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Oilseed meal

CP, CF, EE, vitamins, amount in diet

CP: 35-50% high
CF: 5-30%
1-2% oil left after extraction

Lack of fat soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K)

5-40% of diet

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Extracted soya bean meal (oilseed meal)

CP, EE, minerals, amount in diet: monogastrics

CP: 45-50% HIGHEST (Lys: 30g/kg, Met: 15g/kg)
- best plant source of protein (all EAA)
EE: 20% before extraction(1-2% after)

P: high

MG: fed up to 40%
Dairy cow: fed in beginning of lactation

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Extracted sunflower meal (oilseed meal)

CP, CF, EE, amount in diet: monogastrics

CP: 30-45% (Lys: 11,5g/kg, Met: 13,5g/kg)
CF: 12-30% very high
EE: 30% before extraction (1-2% after)

Free from ANF’s

MG diet: 5-20%
Ru-RDP: 75%

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Extracted rape seed meal (oilseed meal)

CP, CF, EE, minerals, amount in diet: monogastrics, daily amount: ru

CP: 35-40% (Lys: 10g/kg, Met: 16g/kg)
CF: 10-15%
EE: 40% before extraction (1-2% after)

K: high
Ca: relative high

MG diet: 10-20%
Ru: 1-2kg/day

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Extracted linseed meal (oilseed meal)

CP, antinutritive, amount in diet: monogastrics, daily amount: ru

CP: 35% (Lys: 12,5g/kg, Met: 13,5g/kg)

HCN (hydrogen cyanide): scalding inactivates enzymes that deliver it.

MG diet: 10-20%
Ru: 1-2kg/day

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Wheat bran (by-products of milling)
(CP, CF, DE, minerals, antinutritive)

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CP: 16%
CF: 10-12% high
DE: 10,5MJ/kg

Ca: low
P: 11g/kg

Mycotoxins!

Good to give to avoid obesity/diabetic animals (cow in dry period and pets respectively)

Wheat germ (by-products of milling)
(CP, EE, vitamins)

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CP: 25-30%
EE: 6-8%

Vit E (tocopherol): high

Limited availability (uptake?)

Original wet sugar beet pulp (by-products of sugar industry)

CP, CF, NFE, DM, daily amount: beef/dairy cattle

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CP: 15-20%
CF: 3,5% low
NFE: 10% high (sugar)

DM: 10-15%

Dairy/beef cattle: 20-30kg/day (also need CF eg. hay)

Dried sugar beet pulp (by-products of sugar industry)

CP, CF, NFE, DM

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CP: 10% low
CF: 16-18%
NFE: 55-60% high

DM: 90%

Mainly MG’s (pig)

Molasses (by-products of sugar industry)

NFE, DM, daily amount: ru

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NFE: 60% very high

DM: 75-80%

Ru: 2-3kg/day

Used as pellet binder and in silage making.

Malt sprouts (by-products of brewing and distillery)
(CP, CF, daily amount: dairy cow, amount in diet: beef cattle, eq, sus, poultry)

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CP: 25% (rich in Lys and Met)
CF: 10-15%

Dairy cow: 2-3kg/day (bitter taste)
Beef cattle: <35% of concentrates
Eq/sus: 10-15% of concentrates
Poultry: not high due to CF

Brewers grain (by-products of brewery and distillery)
(CP, CF, DM, dry/wet: amount pr day)

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CP: 20-22%
CF: 20-22%

DM: 20-30% high moisture

WET
Cattle: 20-35kg/day
Sheep/swine: 1-2kg/day

DRY
Cattle: 2-3kg/day
Sheep/swine: 0,5-2kg/day
Horse: can substitute 30-40% of oat

Brewers yeast (by-products of brewing and distillery)
(CP, amount in diet: monogastrics)

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CP: <60% (high in Lys, Met is limiting)

MG: dried form used
Poultry/swine: 3-5% of concentrates

Skimmed milk (feedstuff of animal origin)
(CP, EE, vitamins, usage)

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CP: 3,5% (dry: 32%)
EE: 0,3% (fat content)

Low in fat soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K)

Used as milk replacer (oils added to increase fat content to ~20%)

Quality: Yellow good, brown bad

Whey (feedstuff of animal origin) | CP, EE, usage, daily amount: pigs

CP: 1% (dry: 10-12%) EE: 0,3% (fat content) Residue in cheese production Cheese pH 6: sweet whey Curd cheese pH 5: sour whey Used in milk replacer Growing pigs: 2-3l/day Dry form: pig and poultry (starter diet)

``` Butter milk (feedstuff of animal origin) (CP, EE, usage) ```

CP: 3,5% (dry: 30%) EE: higher than skimmed milk (fat content) By-product of butter making Used in milk replacers (instead of skimmed milk)

Casein (feedstuff of animal origin) | CP, making

CP: 75% (100% digestibility) Made by adding rennin, HCl, or lactic acid to butter milk/skimmed milk.

``` Fish meal (feedstuff of animal origin) (CP, EE, minerals) ```

CP: 60-70% (Lys: 50-60g/kg very high, Met+Cys: 2-3%) EE: 10% max Ca: 4-5% P: 2-3% NOT ALLOWED IN FOOD PROD. ANIMALS ANYMORE (risk of contracting bovine spongioform encephalopathy (BSE)) Anchovies and herring used Swine/broiler chicken: cause fishy flavour, not given to finishers.

``` Corn silage (silage) (CP, CF, NEl, minerals, DM, daily amount: cow, horse) ```

CP: 9-10% (MPE>MPN) - use lowest value = amount of protein made. CF: 15-20% NEl: 6,5MJ/kg DM Ca: 5g/kg P: 2g/kg DM: 30-35% Cow: 4-5% BW/day Horse: 10kg/day

``` Alfalfa haylage (hay) (CP, CF, NEm, NEl, NEg, minerals, DM) ```

CP: 20-25% (MPE

``` Meadow hay (hay) (CP: MPE and MPN, CF, EE, NEm, NEl, NEg, ME: horse, minerals, DM, DMI: cattle and horse) ``` NB! most values in g/kg DM

``` NB! Values in g/kg DM CP: 129 - MPE 95 - MPN: 85 CF: 314 EE: 24 NFE: 440 ``` NEm: 4,99 MJ/kg DM NEl: 4,99 MJ/kg DM NEg: 2,63 MJ/kg DM ME(horse): 8-9 MJ/kg DM Ca: 4,8g/kg DM P: 2,8g/kg DM DM: 874g/kg Cattle: DMI 2-3% of BW Horse: DMI 1,5-2% of BW (maintenance)

``` Wheat straw (straw, roots and tubers) (CP: MPE and MPN, CF, EE, NFE, NEm, NEl, NEg, minerals, vitamins, DM) ``` NB! most values in g/kg DM

``` NB! Values in g/kg DM CP: 41 (low) - MPE: 46 - MPN: 20 CF: 452 (high) EE: 16 NFE: 437 ``` NEm: 2,86 MJ/kg DM NEl: 2,92 MJ/kg DM NEg: 0,63 MJ/kg DM Ca: 2,1g/kg DM P: 0,9g/kg DM Very low in vit A DM: 872 g/kg Horse: 1-2kg/day (fed to obese, and against crib-biting/air sucking horses) Cattle: can be fed only this (not high producers) Sow: with other roughage Ammonia increase digestibility, lowers palatebility (taste)

Carrot (straws, roots and tubers) CP, CF, EE, NFE, NEm, NEl, NEg, minerals, vitamins, daily amount: horse) NB! most values in g/kg DM

Roots ``` NB! Values in g/kg DM CP: 94 CF: 95 EE: 15 NFE: 706 (high carbohydrate content) ``` NEm: 8,24 MJ/kg DM NEl: 7,74 MJ/kg DM NEg: 5,68 MJ/kg DM Ca: 4,7 g/kg DM P: 4,4 g/kg DM B-carotene Horse: 2-3kg/day Cattle: can be fed too

Potato (straws, roots and tubers) (CP, CF, EE, NFE, NEl, minerals, antinutritive, daily amount: beef cattle, dairy cow, sheep) NB! most values in g/kg DM

Tuber ``` NB! Values in g/kg DM CP: 98 CF: 31 EE: 5 NFE: 832 (high carbohydrate content) ``` NEl: 8,5 MJ/kg DM Ca: 0,6 g/kg DM P: 2,2 g/kg DM Contains SOLANIN (antinutritive) ``` Horse/swine: can be fed if boiled Beef cattle: 15kg/day Dairy cow: 10kg/day Sheep: 2kg/day - cut in slices ``` Fibre + protein supplementation needed

Feedstuff values Flashcards

(34 cards)