Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Lymphoreticular and Haemopoietic > FeLV and FIV > Flashcards

FeLV and FIV Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of virus is FeLV?

A

Retrovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the roles of proteins p27, p15e and gp70 in FeLV?

A

p27 - Basis for diagnostics tests, produced in infected cells, circulates in plasma and excreted in tears and salive

p15e - immunosuppresion

gp70 - defines viral subgroup,, induced anti-viral neutralising antibodies and target for vaccination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the possible outcomes of persistent FeLV viraemia?

A

Healthy carrier
Malignancy
Myelosuppression
Immunosuppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the source of FeLV? Where is the virus shed? How long can it survive outside the body?

A

Persistently infected cats

  • Saliva
  • Nasal secretions
  • Faeces
  • Urine
  • Milk

Few hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How can FeLV be transmitted?

A

Intimate prolonged contact - shared food/water bowls/grooming

Neonates - in utero, nursing

Blood transfusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the possible outcomes of FeLV infections?

A

Persistent viraemia
Transient viraemia
Latent infection
Localised infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the clinical signs of FeLV?

A 
Asymptomatic
Inappetence, weight loss, poor coat
Lymphadenopathy 
Pyrexia
Pale mm
Ocular disease
Gingivitis, stomatitis
Diarrhoea
Neuro signs
Abortion
Secondary infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are cats with FeLV susceptible to secondary infections?

A

FeLV causes immunosuppression by depleting/interfering with function of lymphocytes and neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What haematologial disorders can develop secondary to FeLV?

A

Bone marrow suppression => non-regenerative anaemia

Myelodysplasia

Leukaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are FeLV+ cats at risk of developing?

A

Lymphoma - 60x increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is FeLV diagnosed?

A 
Immunoassay
Immunofluorescent antibody test
PCR
Viral culture
Antibody tests
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does a +ve antigen test for FeLV indicate? How does this differ from a +ve IFA test?

A

Transient or persistent viraemia

Persistent viraemia only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does a -ve FeLV test indicate?

A 
Unexposed
Eliminated infection
Early infection
Latent infection
Localised infection
False -ve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What could explains a +ve antigen test but -ve IFA/viral isolation for FeLV?

A 
Early infection
In recovery
False +ve
Detection of incomplete virus
Localised infection
Antigen test more sensitive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If a cat shows disordant FeLV diagnostic results, what actions should be taken?

A
  1. Isolate from other cats
  2. Repeat bloods in 4w
  3. Confirm 2nd test result 8w later
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is FeLV treated?

A 
Supportive care
Treat secondary illness
Confine indoors
Neuter
Good nutrition, parasite/flea prevention, vacc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What increases the risk of FeLV exposure?

A

Outdoor cats

Resides with cats of unknown/FeLV+ status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What kind of virus is FIV? Which cats is it most common in?

A

Retrovirus

Free-roaming, aggressive male cats

19
Q

How can FIV be transmitted?

A

Bite wounds
Transplacental, milk
Sexual
Sharing food bowls

20
Q

What are the main 3 phases of FIV pathogenesis? How long do they each last?

A
  1. Acute - Days-weeks
  2. Asymptomatic carrier <10year
  3. Terminal - Weeks to months
21
Q

What are the clinical signs of acute phase FIV infection?

A 
Transient mild illness
Pyrexia
Lethargy
Diarrhoea
Lymphadenopathy
22
Q

What are cats in terminal/AIDS phase of FIV very susceptible too?

A

Viral/bacterial infections
Neurological disease
Neoplasia

23
Q

What are the most common clinical signs of FIV?

A 
Stomatitis
Neoplasia - lymphoma/SCC
Occular inflammation
Anaemia, leukopenia
Opportunistic infections
Renal insufficiency
24
Q

What are the signs of FIV on diagnostic results?

A 
Neutropenia
Anaemia
Thrombocytopenia
Normal biochemistry
\+ve FIV test
25
How is FIV diagnosed?
``` Antibody test IFA Western blot PCR Viral isolation ```
26
What does a +ve FIV result indicate?
``` Persistent infection Need to test kittens >6m of a +ve queen Re-test kittsens <6m every 60d of +ve queen False +ve Weak +ve => repeat ```
27
What does a -ve FIV result indicate?
Not infected False negative Immunosuppresion of cat Early infection
28
What should be done if you suspect a cat has FIV but screening tests are -ve?
Retest | PCR
29
How is FIV treated?
Supportive car | Zidovudine (anti-viral)
30
How can FIV be prevented?
``` Prevent exposure Disinfect environment Do not breed +ve queen Hand rear +ve queen kittens Vaccination (USA) ```
31
Which subgroup of FeLV is present in almost all infected cats but is the least pathogenic?
Subgroup A
32
Which subgroup of FeLV is transmitted cat-to-cat?
A
33
Which subgroup of FeLV is oncogenic? Which causes non-regenerative anaemia?
B is oncogenic | C causes non-regenerative anaemia
34
# Define: 1. Persistent viraemia 2. Transient viraemia 3. Latent infection 4. Localised infection
1. No neutralising antibodies produced leading to development of associated disease, neoplastic and non-neoplastic 2. Virus completely eliminated 3. Virus persists in some tissues but no viral replication - undetectable 4. Viral infection present in only certain tissues
35
What factors affect the outcome of an FeLV infection?
``` Age of cat Viral factors Other infectious disease Vaccination Glucocorticoid administration ```
36
What is FOCMA?
Feline oncoronavirus cell membrane antigen - present on membrane of malignant cells ONLY
37
Give 4 examples of immune-mediated disease that can develop secondary to FeLV...
IMHA Glomerulonephritis Uveitis Polyarthritis
38
Give 3 examples of reproductive disease that can develop secondary to FeLV...
Infertility Abortion Transmission to kittens
39
Give 2 examples of skeletal abnormalities that can develop secondary to FeLV...
Osteochondromatosis - benign proliferative disease Chronic progressive polyarthritis
40
Which FeLV viral antigen is detected by ELISA screening tests?
p27
41
Why is FeLV testing unaffected by vaccination or maternal transmission of antibodies?
Test detects the viral antigen NOT the antibody
42
How can FeLV be prevented?
``` Keep cats indoors Introduce infection-free cats into household House infected cats separately Vaccination Use disinfectants and detergents Test blood prior to transfusion ```
43
Which FIV antibodies are tested for?
Against p24 | Against gp41
44
What are the three possible fates of FeLV when inside the host?
1. Destruction of infected cells by immune response 2. Infection +/- virus production 3. Transformation to neoplastic cells

Lymphoreticular and Haemopoietic (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions