FIP and FIA Flashcards
(28 cards)
What causes FIP? How is it transmitted? Where in the body does it replicate?
Feline coronavirus
Oronasal transmission
In enterocytes
What are the clinical signs of FIP?
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Upper resp signs
What are the possible outcomes of a feline coronavirus infection?
Transient infection
Persistent infection
FIP
Resistance to infection
Outline the pathogenesis of FIP…
Immune complex disease characterised by:
Vasculitis
Complement activation
Excessive cytokine production
Outline the pathophysiology of FIP…
Viral antigens bind with anti-viral antibodies and complement => complement fixation => release of vasoactive amines => endothelial cell retraction => increased vascular permeability => protein rich exudate, neutrophils release enzymes and vessel wall necrosis
What are the early clinical signs of FIP?
Pyrexia Inappetence, weight loss Diarrhoea Dehydration Icterus
What are the clinical signs of effusive FIP?
Ascites
Dyspnoea
Pericardial effusion
Is the effusive or non-effusive form of FIP more common?
Effusive
How is FIP diagnosed?
History and clinical signs
Physical exma
Lab/imaging findings
Histopath only way to confirm
What haem/biochemistry results are expected with FIP?
Lymphopenia Neutrophilia + LS Mild non-regenerative anaemia Hyperglobulinaemia Hyperbilirubinaemia Not azotaemic May be normal
What fluid analysis results are expected with FIP?
Clear, straw-yellow colour
High protein >35g/L
Viscous, frothy when shaken
Variable cellularity
Why can’t IFA or ELISA diagnose FIP?
IFA/ELISA tests don’t distinguish cats infected with FCoV or FIP
What is seen on biopsy/PME with FIP?
Light plaques on serosal surfaces
Adhesions of omentum and mesentery
Liver, spleen, kidney, omentum and mesentery affected
What is the prognosis for FIP? How is it treated?
Grave - no cure
- Supportive treatment
- Immune modulators
- Glucocorticoids
How is FIP prevented?
Vaccination - Primucell intranasal
What causes FIA?
Haemoplasmas - small epicellular parasites
e.g. Mycoplasma haemofelis
Outline the pathogenesis of FIA…
Mycoplasma attaches to RBCs => Immune-mediated destruction of RBCs => More susceptivle to concurrent disease => Reactivation and reccurrence possible
What are the characteristics of Mycoplasma haemofelis?
Associated with anaemia
Pleimorphic - rod/ring/spherical
G -ve
How can FIA be transmitted?
Fleas Blood transfusion Queens to neonates Fights? Oral?
What causes anaemia in FIA?
Direct damage to RBC
Immune-mediated injury
What are the clinical signs of acute FIA?
Lethargy Inappetence/anorexia Pyrexia Anaemia Splenomegaly Icterus
What are the clinical signs of chronic FIA?
Normal/low temperature
Weakness
Depression
Weight loss
What is expected on CBC results in FIA?
Regenerative anaemia
Erythrophagocytosis, autoagglutination
Variable leukocyte count
How is M. haemofelis deteced?
Fresh blood smear
PCR
Evaluation for other disease
