female anatomy quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What cell type produces inhibin in females?

A
  • granulosa
  • cumulus
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2
Q

In the theca interna cells, what hormone is seen predominantly

A

progesterone

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3
Q

In the bitch, where is the ovarian suspensory ligament

A

it attaches the ovary to the peritoneum over the 13th rib

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4
Q

What is an appropriate definition of attaining puberty in female domestic animals (more than one answer)

  • hypothalamus surge centre responds to high estradoil levels with LH pulses of amplitude and frequency capable of inducing ovulation
  • ovulation of a fertilizable oocyte
  • formation of a viable corpus luteum
  • attainment of a threshold body size of half the predicted mature body weight
A
  • hypothalamus surge centre responds to high estradoil levels with LH pulses of amplitude and frequency capable of inducing ovulation
  • ovulation of a fertilizable oocyte
  • formation of a viable corpus luteum
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5
Q

which of the following statements concerning the uterine tubes are correct?

  • the ampulia has a very convoluted lumen
  • they have ciliated and secretory cells whose number and activity are infleunced by the stage of the oestrous cycle
  • they consist of only 2 sections: infundibulum and isthmus
  • they are suspended by the mesoalpinx
A
  • the ampulia has a very convoluted lumen
    • they have ciliated and secretory cells whose number and activity are infleunced by the stage of the oestrous cycle
  • they are suspended by the mesoalpinx
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6
Q

In the bitch with respect to the ovarian pedicle, which of the following is correct?

  • it contains the broad ligament
  • it contains variable amounts of fat
  • it contains the ovarian artery
  • it contains the ovarian vein
A
  • it contains variable amounts of fat
  • it contains the ovarian artery
  • it contains the ovarian vein
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7
Q
A

corona radiata comprised of granulosa (also called cumulus) cells

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8
Q

what is F and its function

A

uterine horn - support and nourish the foetus

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9
Q

what is C

A

the uterine body

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10
Q

Prostaglandin F has general action on ___ muscle cells and a specific action within the reproductive tract in cells in the ___ and ____

A
  • Smooth muscle cells (involuntary)
  • uterus
  • ovary (corpus luteum, endometrium etc.)
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11
Q

What receptors on the endometrial cell membranes enable release of prostaglandin F from endometrial cells?

A
  • oxytocin receptors
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12
Q

in high producing dairy cows, luteal insufficiency is known to be associated with lower pregnancy rates. which of the following would be most significant contributor to those lower pregnancy rates?

  • reduced numbers of GnRH receptors in the pituitary
  • reduced numbers of endometrial oxytocin receptors
  • reduced endometrial gland secretion
  • reduced myometrial contractility
A
  • reduced endometrial gland secretion
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13
Q

which of the following is most essential to create an environment suitable for folliculogenesis?

  • FSH stimulates aromatase activity in growing follicles to increase estradiol levels within the follicle antrum
  • upregulation of FSH receptors on granulosa cells to convert dihydrotestosterone into estradiol
  • similar concentrations of progesterone within the follicle antrum and in systemic circulation
  • downregulation of LH receptors on granulosa cells
A

FSH stimulates aromatase activity in growing follicles to increase estradiol levels within the follicle antrum

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14
Q

What is required for an animal to enter puberty?

A

increased GnRH pulse frequency from the hypothalamus, stimulates the anterior pituitary to release high levels of FSh and LH

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15
Q

Follicle stimulating hormone FSH is used as a fertility drug to ‘super ovulate’ adult females. what would be the most likely result i FSH was administered to a 6 week old lamb?

A
  • stimulation of follicle development and growth of multiple large antral follicles
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16
Q

which of the following receptors enables granulosa cells in the gonadotropin responsive follicle pool to respond to hormonal signals from the pituitary gland?

  • Inhibin in the nucleus
  • LH receptors in the nucleus
  • FSH receptors on the cell membrane
  • Estrogen receptors on the cell membrane
A

FSH receptors on the cell membrane

17
Q

What is the role of the alpha-feto-protein in pre-pubertal females

A

it binds estradiol to prevent crossing of the blood-brain barrier and thus prevents access to the hypothalamus

18
Q

Estrous cycle period of a mono-estrous species (eg. dog)

A

an estrous period lasting several days

19
Q

as puberty is predominantly controlled by environmental influences it is not possible to select for early puberty in females in breeding programs. T or F

A

False

20
Q

Match the hormones with their site of production:

  • Melatonin
  • FSH
  • GnRH
  • Prostaglandin F2a
  • Pineal gland
  • Hypothalamus
  • endometrium
  • anterior pituitary
A
  • Melatonin - pineal gland
  • FSH - anterior pituitary
  • GnRH - hypothalamus
  • Prostaglandin F2a - endometrium
21
Q

In sheep differences between breeds in their seasonality is most obvious at high latitudes in the northern hemisphere and low latitudes in the southern hemisphere (e.g. melbourne)

T or F

A

True

22
Q

Luteal insufficiency is known to be associated with lower pregnancy rates in high producing dairy cows. what would be most significant contributor to those lower pregnancy rates?

reduced endometrial gland secretion

reduced numbers of GnRH receptors in the pituitary

reduced number of endometrial oxytocin receptors

A

reduced endometrial gland secretion (secrete hormones and growth hormones, prostaglandin F2a, relaxin etc.)

23
Q

Match the hormones with their site of production:

  • Melatonin
  • FSH
  • GnRH
  • Prostaglandin F2a
  • Pineal gland
  • Hypothalamus
  • endometrium
  • anterior pituitary
A
  • Melatonin - pineal gland
  • FSH - anterior pituitary
  • GnRH - hypothalamus
  • Prostaglandin F2a - endometrium
24
Q

What species are these from

A

Cow, ewe and then mare - ewe has extensive cervical rings - cow has deep folds - mare had loose mucosal folds and easy passage