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Female Genital System Flashcards

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1
Q

Which hormone is produced by interstitial cells and sertoli cells in ovo testis

A

Interstitial : testosterone
Sertoli : anti mullerian

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2
Q

Aneuploidy name of syndrome ;
1. X_
2. XXY

A

X_ turner like syndrome
XXY Kleinfelter like syndrome

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3
Q

Male female twinning in cattle often result in

A

Freemartin

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4
Q

Key dx feature of freemartin

A

Poorly developed vesicular gland attached to the lower fused segment of paramesonephric duct

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5
Q

What are cases of XY SRY +
Specie most affected

A

Testicular DSD with female phenotype
Horses

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6
Q

3 types of ovarian cysts

A
  1. Cystic rete ; absence of smooth muscle
  2. Cystic epoophoron ; paraovarian,muscle fibers
  3. Cystic paroophoron ; paraovarian, same as epoo
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7
Q

Fimbrial cyst aka hydatids of Morgagni are common in

A

Mare

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8
Q

3 behavior patterns in mare with granulosa tumors

A

Anestrous
Continuous or intermittent estrus
Male behavior

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9
Q

Granulosa-theca tumors produce

A

Inhibin = inhibe release of follicle stimulating hormone FSH

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10
Q

Papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary specie most affected, IHC

A

Bitch
CK7

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11
Q

Agents associated with salpingitis

A

Mycoplasma
Ureaplasma

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12
Q

Agents associated with pyosalpinx

A

Strep
Staph
Ecoli
T.pyogenes
Brucella canis in swine
Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cattle

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13
Q

Uterine prolapse occurs mostly in ruminants, what are the possible causes and which horn is implicated

A

Prolonged dystocia (forced traction)
Retained placenta
HypoCa post parturition
Hyperestrogenism (legumes high in estrogen)
Usually only the previously gravid horn

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14
Q

Although progesterone plays a major role in endometrial hyperplasia in dogs and cats, on what does progesterone depend to induce these changes

A

Estrogen priming = stimule synthesis of intracell receptors of progesterone

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

Estrogenic plants that cause infertility in sheep

A

Trifolium subterraneum, T.pratense, Medicago sativa
Clover dz (estrogens are isoflavones)

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17
Q

What is the best indication of endometritis in all species

A

Accumulation of plasma cells and foci of lymphocytes in stroma

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18
Q

Agent of contagious equine metritis (veneral dz), clinical sign

A

Taylorella equigenitalis (Gram-)
Temporary infertility

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19
Q

In bitches when do pyometras occur

A

Few weeks after estrus, in diestral/metestrus period = corpora lutea present and progesterone levels are high (progesterone and endometrial hyperplasia essential in pathogenesis)

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20
Q

Ecoli uropathogenic virulence factors associated with pyometra

A

P fimbriae
Alpha-hemolysin and cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1

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21
Q

Most common agent in cause of pyometra in mare and difference in other species pour la pathogenie

A

Hormonal influence less important
Strep zooepodemicus

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22
Q

Type of placenta of mares

A

Epitheliochorial

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23
Q

In ewe what is the agent most associated with fetal emphysema

A

Clostridium chauvei

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24
Q

Adrenal pituitary hypothalamus dysfct causes prolonged gestation mostly in which species, consequence

A

+++cattle, sheep
Fetal anomaly

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25
Guernsey, Jersey, Swedish red and White breeds reported with fetal monsters 2nd prolonged gestation because of
Adenohypophyseal aplasia Pituitary sometimes absent
26
Plants causing chemically induced teratogenesis in sheep
Veratrum californicum
27
Abortion agents causing eyelids lesions
Yersinia Ureaplasma Mycotic infection BVD
28
Placental lesion in brucella abortus infection in cattle (abort 7-8 mois)
Dirty yellow odorless exudate between endometrium and chorion in intercotyledonary area They contain gray-yellow pulpy floccules of detritus
29
Pneumonia is often seen with foetus aborted when
During the last half of pregnancy
30
Characteristic lesion of Brucellus suis in swine uterus
Miliary uterine brucellosis ; Pale yellow nodules 2-3mm in mucosa with caseous exudate (may lead to stricture) May lead to pyosalpinx Small red flat irregular granulomas mf over surface of supporting ligaments
31
What is the most common manifestation of brucella ovis in sheep
Cause specific form of epididymitis in rams Predispose to spermiostasis and extravasation (spermatic granulomas)
32
Tropism of different campylobacter: 1. C.fetus subsp venerealis 2. C.fetus subsp fetus 3. C.jejuni
1. C.fetus subsp venerealis ; genital (infertility Bo, abortion Bo and ovin) 2. C.fetus subsp fetus ; abortion sheep and bovine 3. C.jejuni ; enteritis and abortion sheep (less cattle)
33
Lesions seen in aborted fetus with Campylobacter
Multifocal necrotizing hepatitis Gross ressemble a des cibles
34
DDX of campylobacter in ewes
Flexispira rappini
35
What is the most distinguishing lesion of listeria monocytogenes in aborted bovine fetus
Severe necrotizing colitis with clusters of gram+
36
Leptospira when do abortions occur
Most in last trimester (pomona and hardjo) Second trimester (autumnalis)
37
Serovars of leptospira in equine abortion
Bratislava
38
Which portion of the placenta is most affected by ureaplasma abortion
Amnion : patchy thickening with fibrosis, necrosis, H+, fibrine, mineralise Chorioallantois can also be affected
39
Amnionitis without placentitis is a good indicator of what agent in cattle
Ureaplasma
40
In H.somni infection of pregnant bovine, location of lesion
Confined to cotyledon (hematogenous route) Acute necrotic placentitis
41
Agent of ovine enzootic abortion
Chlamydophila abortus
42
Special stains for chlamydophila
ZN Gimenez Giemsa
43
Coxiella burnetii abortion ; characteristic look of colonies, stains
Microcolonies within trophoblasts with distended cytoplasm ; Foamy appearance with multiple unstained vacuoles within a pale blue cytoplasm ZN or Macchiavello
44
45
Coxiella burnetii type of placentitis
Intercotyledonary placentitis
46
What is unique about Nocardioform placentitis in mares
Infection does not seem to start at nor communicate with cervical star
47
Most common isolate of mycotic abortion
Aspergillus fumigatus
48
Epizootic bovine abortion (foothill abortion) agent
Thick born (Ornithodoros coriaceus) with novel deltaproteobacterium
49
Foothill abortion fetus lesions (most distinctive
Changes in lymphoid organs most specific and dx ; 1.NL enlarged*** 2. Spleen enlarged 3. Thymic inflamm change ; cortical mantle of thymocytes greatly reduced and macrophages diffusely infiltrate the medulla and the septas ALSO ; characteristic abdominal distension (ascite) ; striking but inconsistent
50
What is the characteristic lesions in fetal cotyledons of aborted sheep and goats with Toxiplasma gondii
Cotyledons bright to dark red (compared to normal deep purple) Numerous white flecks or small soft white nodules 1-3mm scattered in fetal villi
51
Agent of mid-gestation(5-6 mois) in dairy cows
Neospora caninum (protozoa)
52
Tissues with possible tachyzoites of N.caninum
++brain Heart Skeletal muscle Spinal cord Lung Kidney
53
Tritrichomonas fetus causes abortion when in cattle
First half of pregnancy (cervicitis and endometritis)
54
In hog cholera CSF, if not aborted, perisistently infected individuals are born with
Congenital tremor CNS dysgenesis Cerebellar hypoplasia Hypomyelinisation Similar to shaker lamb/border dz
55
What are the most important viruses of bovine fetuses
BVD Akabane
56
Infection of BVD at 80-150J of gestation causes
CNS malformation
57
What is the most consistent border dz virus lesion on sheep and goat (if not aborted)
Dysmyelinisation or hypomyelination
58
Wesselbron virus (Flavivirus) causes what malformation in bovine and ovine fetus
Ovine : hydranencephaly, arthrogryposes Bovine : porencephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia
59
Wesselbron virus lesions of aborted fetus
Flavivirus = same family as yellow fever Enlarged yellow-orange liver ; necrosis, eosino intranuclear inclusion Councilman-like bodies
60
DDX of wesselbrons virus infection in pregnant sheep and cattle
Rift valley fever
61
In sheep what are the outcome of bluetongue virus indection at : 1. <50J 2. 50-80J 3. Last 3rd gestation
1. <50J = death 2. 50-80J = necrotizing encephalopathy 3. Last 3rd gestation = no obvious dz
62
Which serotypes of bluetongue virus causes hydranencephaly in cattle
10 11 13 17
63
Chuzan dz of cattle, lesions in calves, type of virus
Orbivirus (reoviridae) Hydranencephaly Cerebellar hypoplasia Microcephaly
64
Organs with most lesions in canine fetus with herpesvirus 1 infection
Kidneys Subserosal tissue Adrenal gland Liver Lungs GI
65
What type of virus is cytomegalovirus in swine and bovine
Suid herpesvirus 2 (beta) Bovine herpesvirus 4 (gamma)
66
In equid herpesvirus 1 abortion what is the most consistent lesions of fetus
Severe pulmonary edema
67
68
Schmallenberg (orthobunyavirus) in cattle sheep and goat causes lesions similar to what other virus
Akabane ; hydranencephaly, arthrogryposes Cache valley in sheep
69
Who is the most susceptible domestic species to rift valley fever
Sheep
70
RFV most consistent lesion
Hepatic necrosis occurs in all affected species and age groups including fetus
71
In swine ; vulvar hyperemia and edema occurs when
Fed moldy grains Mycotoxin = zearalenone or F2 produced by Fusarium spo
72
What agent is most often associated with granular vulvitis (nodular veneral dz)
Ureaplasma diversum
73
Infectious bovine cervicovaginitis and epididymitis ; agent, consequence
Cytomegalovirus of bovine herpesvirus 4 Leads to chronic salpingitis with hydrosalpinx and bursal adhesions
74
What other virus are similar to infectious pustular vulvovaginitis of cattle (herpes 1) in Eq and goats
Equine coital exanthema (equid herpes 3) Caprine alphaherpesvirus 1
75
Agent of contagious equine metritis
Taylorella equigenitalis
76
Dourine (Trypanosoma equiperdum) causes what clinical signs
Genital ; loss of pigment ** Cutaneous ; urticaria Nervous ; late and often fatal
77
Leiomyosarcoma may be caused by genetic defect in older…
Saanen goats
78
How do canine transmissible venereal tumor cells avoid detection of immune cells
Downregulate CMH I No CMH II activity because they secrete inhibitory cytokines (TGFB1 and IL6)
79
What is the most common tumor of the bovine vulva
Fibropapilloma BPV1
80
Difference between mastitis with staph coagulase negative and staph aureus (coag +)
Neg ; most common cause of heifer mastitis Pos ; more common cause in older age, more extensive lesions
81
Coliform mastitis, inflammation is centered on
Ducts
82
Common bacterial agents of mastitis in goats and sheep
Staph aureus M.haemolytica
83
Lactating goats ingesting persin (avocado toxin) : mammary gland lesion
Subcut edema, red gland
84
In which is mastitis a prominent feature of; maedi-visna or CAE virus
Maedi-visna ; progressive atrophy of both mammae, LP inflamm with lymphoid nodules
85
Px of feline mammary carcinoma is based on
Age at dx Volume/diameter of tumor (>3cm worst) Aggressiveness of surgery NL involvement Grade
86
Canine ovarian epithelial tumors IHC
Pancytokeratin + Vimentin + also 83% CD117 Jcompath 2024
87
Germ cell tumor IHC
SALL4
88
Deciduomas specie most affected
Guinea pigs
89
Deciduomas layers external -> internal
Decidualized myometrium Stroma layer Layer of giant trophoblast Trophospongium Labyrinth Yolk sac
90
in uterine BLV asso lymphoma, viral Tax protein induces immortalization of which cells? tumor suppressor implicated?
infected CD5+ IgM+ Bcell (large) suppression of p53
91
In which species are mammary tumors more common in the male
guinea pigs
92
Sertoli testicular tumor IHC
Inhibin + AMH + GATA4 +
93
Seminoma IHC
MelanA- AMH- GATA4+ Inhibin +
94
Gross appearance of seminoma, sertoli and leydi
Seminoma ; Soft and bulgy, gray/white Sertoli ; firm, multinodular, white to gray Leydig ; soft, bulging, yellow/tan, H+, cyst
95
Squamous metaplasia of prostat is associated with what in these species ; 1. ferrets 2. dogs 3. swine
1. ferrets = adrenal tumors 2. dogs =sertoli 3. swine = zearalone
96
Which chemokines/other factors are affected in TVT
TGFB, IL6 and CMH1 DECREASE
97

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