Female Physiology

Question 1

androgens stimulate what cells

Answer 1

granulosa cells

Question 2

estrogen inhibits what

Answer 2

GnRH
LH
FSH

Question 3

Granulosa cells inbits

Answer 3

FSH secretion

Question 4

What regulates thecal cells

Answer 4

LH

Question 5

What regulates granulosa cells

Answer 5

LH and FSH

Question 6

E2

Answer 6

estradiol

Question 7

E1

Answer 7

estrone

Question 8

E3

Answer 8

estriol

Question 9

what hormone is predominant during pregancy

Answer 9

estriol (E3)

Question 10

what hormone is predominant during menopause

Answer 10

estrone (E1)

Question 11

what hormone is predominant during reproductive year

Answer 11

estradiol (E2)

Question 12

how carbons does all estrogens have

Answer 12

18

Question 13

Functions of Estrogen

Answer 13

• maturation and 2nd sex characteristics
• increase CNS excitablity
• Stimulate endomerial prolif. and uterine growth
• maintenanceof blood vessels and skin
• increase plasma serum hormone bind globulin
• reduce rate of bone re-adsorption
• alter plasma lipds (increase HDL and tri., lower LDL)
• enhanced blood coagulabilty

Question 14

what point of the cycle is estrogen at its low point

Answer 14

menses

Question 15

what stimulates hte growth of several preovulatory ovarian follicles

Answer 15

FSH and LH

Question 16

LH act predominantly on

Answer 16

theca cells

Question 17

FSH act predominantly on

Answer 17

granulosa cells

Question 18

what inhibits FSH and LH

Answer 18

increase E2

Question 19

where does FSH and LH accumulate during prolong levels of E2

Answer 19

anterior pituitary

Question 20

What causes LH to surge

Answer 20

Temporary flip feed back from neg to pos. stims hypothalamusro release moreGnRH

Question 21

what does the LH surge cause

Answer 21

ovulation

Question 22

how long does the luteal phase last

Answer 22

begins at ovulation and last 14 days

Question 23

What inhibts the pituitary from releasing LH and FSH

Answer 23

elevated progesterone (and estrogen) in the blood

Question 24

What phase does the uterus change its lining

Answer 24

secretory phase

Question 25

What causes the changes in the lining of the uterus

Answer 25

progesterone

Question 26

after ovulation, what does the granulosa cell start to produce in the corpus luteum

Answer 26

progesterone

Question 27

Where are prgestin synthesized

Answer 27

overary testes and adrenal cortex from cholesterol

Question 28

carbon back bone of progestins

Answer 28

21

Question 29

Physiological effects of progesterone

Answer 29

- prepares uterus for implant - devel. of secretory mech of breast - increase fat deposition - Decrease CNS excitabilty - increase insulin - increase aldoserone - increase body temp - decrease pC02

Question 30

what hormone is invouled with body weight and puberity

Answer 30

leption

Question 31

what could be cause of menopause

Answer 31

loss ininhibins (loss of inhibition for FSH

Question 32

what hormone at menopause is elevated

Answer 32

FSH

Question 33

upon implantation, trophoblast start secreting what

Answer 33

hCG, LH like

Question 34

what dies hCG prompts

Answer 34

the corpus luteum to continue expressing estrogens and progesterone

Question 35

what prevents menstruation

Answer 35

hCG