Female Repro

Question 1

Tunica serosa of ovary

Answer 1

Also called mesovarium

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 2

Blood vessels for the ovary are contained in?

Answer 2

Ovarian medulla

Question 3

Rete ovarii are lined by?

Answer 3

Cuboidal epithelium

Question 4

Products of meiosis 1

Answer 4

Secondary oocyte + 1st polar body

Question 5

Secondary oocyte is formed when?

Answer 5

Just prior to ovulation

Question 6

ALL follicles on slide contain?

Answer 6

Primary oocytes in prophase I

Question 7

Products of meiosis 2

Answer 7

Ovum + 2nd polar body

Question 8

What is the zona pellucida?

Answer 8

Thick glycoprotein layer secreted by both oocyte and granulosa cells

Question 9

Tertiary follicle aka?

Answer 9

Graffian

Question 10

Primary follicle

Answer 10

Oocyte surrounded by single layer of squamous cells

It’s primary until fluid!

Question 11

Secondary follicle

Answer 11

Obvious theca with fluid

Question 12

Layer of granulosa cells surrounding antrum

Answer 12

Stratum granulosum

Question 13

3 layers of granulosa cells in advanced follicles

Answer 13

1. Cumulus oophorus
2. Corona radiata
3. Stratum granulosum

Question 14

Granulosa cells surrounding tertiary follicle

Answer 14

Cumulus oophorus

Question 15

Corona radiata

Answer 15

Layer of granulosa cells immediate to zona pellucida

Question 16

Follicular phase

Answer 16

1. CL is regressing
2. Follicle is maturing
3. Endometrium is proliferating

Question 17

Estrogen is produced by ___ cells in response to ___

Answer 17

Granulosa cells, FSH

Question 18

Theca cells have what receptors?

Answer 18

LH receptors

Question 19

Theca cells are stimulated by LH to produce?

Answer 19

Androgens which diffuse into follicle

Question 20

Granulosa cells initially have what receptors?

Answer 20

FSH receptors

Question 21

FSH stimulates granulosa cells to produce?

Answer 21

Estrogen from androgens

Question 22

Estrogen has what feedback on granulosa cells?

Answer 22

Positive → stimulate granulosa cell proliferation

Question 23

Later in the follicular phase, granulosa cells develop what receptors?

Answer 23

LH receptors

Question 24

Rising estrogen levels during follicular phase stimulate release of?

Answer 24

LH from pituitary → eventually causes LH surge

Question 25

LH surge causes?

Answer 25

1. Primary oocytes complete meiosis I 2. Ovulation 3. Induces CL formation

Question 26

At ovulation, LH surge causes release of?

Answer 26

Collagenase and other enzymes to digest tissues at ovulation site

Question 27

At ovulation, what hapens to the stroma around the follicle?

Answer 27

Becomes avascular and degenerates

Question 28

At ovulation, what happens to thecal layers?

Answer 28

Thecal layers thin

Question 29

At ovulation, what breaks free from the antral wall?

Answer 29

Oocyte and cumulus oophorus

Question 30

At ovulation, follicle protrudes from wall of ovary at the?

Answer 30

Stigma → oocyte is relased from follicle

Question 31

How does corpus hemorrhagicum forms?

Answer 31

Blood fills follicle lumen

Question 32

Major event of the luteal phase

Answer 32

CL forms from granulosa and theca cells after ovulation

Question 33

During luteal phase, what happens to granulosa cells?

Answer 33

Proliferate and enlarge to become granulosa lutein cells Produce progesterone and some estrogen

Question 34

Granulosa lutein cell appearance

Answer 34

Polygonal with large spherical nuclei

Question 35

During luteal phase, what happens to theca interna cells?

Answer 35

Convert to theca lutein cells Secrete some estrogen and progesterone (mainly progesterone)

Question 36

Theca lutein cell appearance

Answer 36

Smaller than granulosa lutein cells Located peripherally or between granulosa lutein cells

Question 37

CL produces what hormones?

Answer 37

Mainly progesterone, some estrogen

Question 38

During what phase do uterine glands secrete?

Answer 38

Luteal phase → nourish embryo until placenta can

Question 39

During luteal phase, ___ secretion maintains function of CL?

Answer 39

LH

Question 40

During luteal phase, _____ stimulates development of uterine endometrium and glands?

Answer 40

Progesterone

Question 41

Progesterone produced by CL inhibits release of?

Answer 41

FSH and LH

Question 42

Fate of CL depends on?

Answer 42

If fertilization occurs

Question 43

CL cyclium

Answer 43

CL degenerates each cycle there is no implication

Question 44

CL of pregnancy

Answer 44

CL persists after implantation is active for about 1/3 of pregnancy (variable by species) but eventually regresses

Question 45

Corpus albicans

Answer 45

White CT scar which gradually replaces CL

Question 46

Animals which require copulation for ovulation?

Answer 46

1. Cats 2. Rabbits 3. Ferrets 4. Mink 5. Camelids

Question 47

Progesterone has a _____ feedback on LH secretion

Answer 47

Negative → LH will decline during luteal phase

Question 48

Regression of CL in large domestic animals is caused by?

Answer 48

PGF2-alpha

Question 49

PGF2-alpha is secreted by?

Answer 49

Uterus

Question 50

Lutalyse and Estrumate regulate the cycle by affecting?

Answer 50

PGF2-alpha

Question 51

How does implantation allow CL to persist?

Answer 51

Prevents uterus from secreting PGF2-alpha

Question 52

PGF2-alpha has no effect on CL regression in what species?

Answer 52

1. Dogs | 2. Primates