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Lecture Exam 6 AP II > Female Reproduction > Flashcards

Female Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

List the primary organs of the female repro system

A

ovaries

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2
Q

List the accessory organs of the female repro system

A

uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva

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3
Q

Describe where the broad ligament is attached to

A

supports the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries

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4
Q

Describe where the ovarian ligament is attached to

A

connects ovaries to later part of the uterus

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5
Q

Describe where the suspensory ligament is attached to

A

anchors for the ovaries

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6
Q

Which of the ligaments of the female repro system is the largest?

A

broad ligament

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7
Q

What is found in the cortex of the ovary?

A

primordial follicles

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8
Q

What is contained within the medulla of the ovary

A

blood vessels

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9
Q

What is meant by primordial follicle and what is within the primordial follicle?

A

primordial follicles are single large cells surrounded by epithelial cells, contain the primary oocyte

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10
Q

How many primary oocytes does a female have at the time of birth? Puberty?

A

About one million; 400,000

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11
Q

How many primary oocytes are released from puberty throughout?

A

fewer than 400-500

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12
Q

What is FSH and where does it come from?

A

follicle stimulating hormone, anterior pituitary

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13
Q

What does FSH stimulate concerning female reproduction?

A

maturation of follicles

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14
Q

What are granulosa cells?

A

primordial follicle become the primary follicle with zona pellucida surrounding oocyte

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15
Q

What is the zona pellucida?

A

Layer of glycoprotein that gradually separates primary oocyte from granulosa cells

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16
Q

When does a primordial follicle become a primary follicle?

A

when the zona pellucida separates the primary oocyte from the granulosa cells

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17
Q

What is the antrum?

A

Fluid filled cavity that lies behind the ooctye; helps push it out of follicle

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18
Q

When does a primary follicle become a secondary follicle?

A

after meiosis I

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19
Q

What is the theca interna?

A

inner vascular layer with steroid-secreting cells, loose connective tissue and blood vessels

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20
Q

What is the theca externa?

A

tightly packed connective tissue

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21
Q

When does the secondary follicle become the Graafian or pre-ovulatory follicle?

A

at about 10-14 days maturation

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22
Q

How is oogenesis different from spermatogenesis?

A

there is an unequal division of cytoplasm after meiosis I creating a large cell (secondary oocyte) and a small cell (first polar body) in the female

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23
Q

Which oocyte can become the future egg?

A

the secondary oocyte

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24
Q

How long does it take for maturation of the follicle?

A

10-14 days

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25
Q

What is inside the Graafian follicle?

A

secondary oocyte, thick zona pellucida, corona radiata

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26
Q

What is the corona radiata and what is the function?

A

supply nutrients to secondary oocyte

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27
Q

What is LH and where does it come from?

A

lutenizing hormone; anterior pituitary

28
Q

What is the function of LH concerning female repro

A

triggers ovulation

29
Q

What is ovulation?

A

The rupturing of the graafian follicle wall allowing for the secondary oocyte to enter the fallopian tube

30
Q

Where does estrogen come from and what are the functions?

A

secreted by the ovaries; presence of secondary sex characteristics

31
Q

Where does progesterone come from and what are the functions?

A

ovaries; thickens endometrium, stimulates breast development

32
Q

Where does relaxin come from and what are the functions?

A

corpus luteum; relaxes the myometrium and the pubic symphysis at end of pregnancy

33
Q

Where does inhibin come from adn what are the functions?

A

granulosa cells, corpus luteum; inhibits FSH and LH

34
Q

On average, when does a female become reproductively mature?

A

10 years

35
Q

On average, when does a female begin her menstral cycle?

A

13 years

36
Q

What day does thickening of the endometrium occur? What stimulates this?

A

7 days; release of progesterone from the theca externa and theca interna

37
Q

What happens on day 14?

A

surge of LH release; ovulation

38
Q

What is the corpus luteum? What does it secrete?

A

used to the mature graafian follicle; secretes progesterone and estrogen

39
Q

How does the secretions of the corpus luteum prepare the body for the developing fetus?

A

thickens the endometrium

40
Q

What happens on day 24 of the cycle if the egg is not fertilized?

A

the corpus luteum beings to degenerate and is replaced by the corpus albicans

41
Q

What is the corpus albicans?

A

used to be the corpus luteum

42
Q

What is menses and when does it typically begin?

A

sloughing off of the endometrial lining; begins at day 28 in the cycle

43
Q

What is hCG? Where does it come from and what does it do in regards to the corpus luteum?

A

human chorionic gonadotrphin; released by the developing embryo; supports the corpus luteum to produce hormones

44
Q

What is the window of opportunity for fertilization to occur?

A

2 days before ovulation to 1 day after ovulation

45
Q

What is another name for uterine tubes?

A

fallopian tubes

46
Q

What is the infundibulum?

A

opening of the fallopian tubes

47
Q

What is the fimbriae

A

finger like projections from the fallopian tubes that help the oocyte enter the tubes

48
Q

What components make up the vulva

A

mons pubis, clitoris, labia majora, labia minora, vestibule, vaginal orifice

49
Q

what is the mons pubis?

A

round mass of fatty tissue over the pubis symphysis

50
Q

what is the vestibule?

A

area between the labia minora

51
Q

Describe the paraurethral glands.

A

secrete mucous

52
Q

Describe the vestibular (Barholin’s) glands.

A

secrete lubricant

53
Q

What two hormones are released following an orgasm ina female?

A

oxytocin and pitocin

54
Q

What is the function of the mammary glands?

A

produce milk

55
Q

What is the alveoli concerning the breasts?

A

milk secreting glands

56
Q

What is the areola

A

pigmented area of the breast

57
Q

mens-

A

month

58
Q

fimb-

A

fringe

59
Q

mast-

A

breast

60
Q

folic-

A

little bag

61
Q

oo-

A

egg

62
Q

mons-

A

one, single

63
Q

mamm-

A

breast

64
Q

labi-

A

lip

65
Q

zon-

A

girdle, belt

Lecture Exam 6 AP II (2 decks)

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