Male Reproduction

Question 1

Define sexual reproduction

Answer 1

the process in which organisms produce offspring by means of uniting gametes

Question 2

What is the function of the male reproductive organs?

Answer 2

secrete androgen hormones, produce sperm and facilitate fertilization

Question 3

What is the function of the female reproductive organs?

Answer 3

secrete female hormones, produce ova, facilitate fertilization and sustain growth of the embryo and fetus

Question 4

define urology

Answer 4

medical specialty that treats disorders and disease of the male reproductive system

Question 5

define gynecology

Answer 5

medical specialty that treats disorders and disease of the female reproductive system

Question 6

define obstetrics

Answer 6

focuses on care for the pregnant woman

Question 7

define genitals

Answer 7

all the structures of reproduction

Question 8

define gonads

Answer 8

site of gamete production and hormone secretion

Question 9

What are the primary male reproductive organs?

Answer 9

testes

Question 10

What are the male accessory sex organs?

Answer 10

epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands, scrotum, penis

Question 11

What is the function of the scrotum?

Answer 11

supporting structure for the testes

Question 12

Explain how the dartos and cremaster muscles work to regulate temperature?

Answer 12

contracts to bring the testes closer to the body when cold, relaxes to bring the testes away from the body when warm

Question 13

What components make up the spermatic cord?

Answer 13

vas deferens, testicular artery, veins and lymphatics, autonomic nerves

Question 14

What is the inguinal canal?

Answer 14

passageway for the testes to travel when they drop

Question 15

What stimulates the testes to drop?

Answer 15

testosterone

Question 16

What is the gubernaculum and how does it aid with decent of the testes?

Answer 16

a fibromuscular cord that guides the testes downward

Question 17

What is cryptorchidism?

Answer 17

testes fail to drop

Question 18

What causes an indirect inguinal hernia?

Answer 18

pouch of peritoneum that remains open and loop of intestine may protrude through

Question 19

Describe the tunica albuginea

Answer 19

tough fibrous capsule that encloses each testis

Question 20

Describe the seminiferous tubules

Answer 20

where sperm are produced in the testes

Question 21

Describe the rete testis

Answer 21

where tubules unit to form complex network and join epididymis

Question 22

What is the function of the interstitial cells?

Answer 22

secrete testosterone

Question 23

What is the function of GnRH and where is it released from?

Answer 23

Stimulates the anterior pituitary to release LH and FSH, it is released by the hypothalamus

Question 24

What 2 hormones are released from the anterior pituitary gland that affect male development?

Answer 24

lutenizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone

Question 25

What is the function of LH in male development?

Answer 25

stimulates the release of testosterone from the cells of Leydig

Question 26

What is the function of FSH in male development?

Answer 26

stimulates sertoli cells to increase the rate of spermatogenesis

Question 27

Where is inhibin released from and what is its function?

Answer 27

it is released from the sertoli cells and it inhibits FSH

Question 28

What are the male sex hormones called?

Answer 28

androgens

Question 29

What is the most important male sex hormone?

Answer 29

testosterone

Question 30

What are the functions of testosterone?

Answer 30

development of male characteristics,

Question 31

What are three general principles of meiosis?

Answer 31

1) start with one diploid (2N) cell 2) One diploid (2N) becomes two haploid (1N) cells 3) two haploid (1N) become four haploid (1N) cells and are genetically different

Question 32

What are some differences between mitosis and meiosis?

Answer 32

Mitosis starts with one diploid cell and creates two more diploid cells (from basic cell division) that are genetically identical

Question 33

What is the function of the sustentacular cells or Sertoli cells?

Answer 33

support, nourish and regulate spermatogenic cells

Question 34

What is the function of the acrosome of a sperm cell?

Answer 34

help sperm penetrate the oocyte due to the enzyme it contains

Question 35

What is the function of the mitochondria of a sperm cell

Answer 35

provide ATP

Question 36

what is the function of the epididymus

Answer 36

support stored sperm and promote maturation

Question 37

what does the epididymis secrete?

Answer 37

glycogen

Question 38

What is the function of the ejaculatory duct?

Answer 38

combine fluids from vas deferens and seminal vesicles and take it to the prostate

Question 39

What is the function of the vas deferens?

Answer 39

transport sperm to the ejaculatory duct

Question 40

What all is secreted by the seminal vesicles and what is the function of these?

Answer 40

alkaline fluid- regulates pH; fructose- energy for sperm; prostaglandins- muscular contractions in female

Question 41

What is secreted by the prostate gland?

Answer 41

thin, milky, alkaline fluid

Question 42

What is BPH

Answer 42

benign prostatic hypertrophy

Question 43

What is secreted and what is the function of the bulbourethral glands?

Answer 43

mucus-like fluid, lubricates end of penis for intercourse

Question 44

What components make up semen?

Answer 44

sperm and secretions from seminal vesicles, prostate gland and bulbourethral glands

Question 45

What is the total volume of sperm cells in the amount of semen released at one time?

Answer 45

2-5 mL; 120 million sperm per mL

Question 46

What is capacitation?

Answer 46

activation of a sperm cell to fertilize an egg

Question 47

What are the three columns of erectile tissue?

Answer 47

corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum, tunical albuginea

Question 48

What is the glans penis?

Answer 48

enlargement of corpus spongiosum at the end of the penis

Question 49

Describe how an erection occurs

Answer 49

upon sexual stimulation, arteries that supply the penis dilate and blood enters the penile sinuses in the erectile tissue

Question 50

How do parasympathetic impulses aid in erection?

Answer 50

initiate and maintain an erection, and release nitric oxide

Question 51

How does the function of the sympathetic impulses in regards to erection?

Answer 51

causes the smooth muscle sphincter at the bladder to close, semen is propelled into the penile portion and powerful peristaltic contractions culminate the release of semen

Question 52

andr-

Answer 52

male, masculine

Question 53

ejacul-

Answer 53

to expel

Question 54

genesis-

Answer 54

to originate

Question 55

cru

Answer 55

resembling a leg

Question 56

guber-

Answer 56

no idea

Question 57

puber

Answer 57

a ripe age?