Female Reproductive Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
this produces the hormones and gametes
A
Gonads - ovary
2
Q
oocyte (non-mature) and ova (mature)
A
Gametes
3
Q
What is the hormones found in the female reproductive
A
Relaxin and Inhibin (for childbirth); Progesterone and Estrogen (Primary hormones)
4
Q
What is the ligaments that support the ovary?
A
- Broad Ligament (Mesovarium)
- Utero - Ovarian Ligament
- Suspensory Ligament
5
Q
What is the attachment of mesovarium
A
stability for ovary; thick part
6
Q
What is the attachment of ovarian ligament
A
attached to ovary (ovarian)
7
Q
What is the attachment of the suspensory ligament
A
attached to ovary and pelvic wall
8
Q
contains oocytes (the immature egg cells)
A
Ovarian follicles
9
Q
Every month release of immature egg cells
A
Ovulation
10
Q
aka. oviducts or uterine tube
road where either sperm or egg cells pass through
A
Fallopian Tube
11
Q
- General site of fertilization
- not directly connected to the ovary (fimbriae is the connecting)
A
Fallopian Tube
12
Q
Parts of the Fallopian tube
A
- Isthmus
- Ampulla — primary site of fertilization; widest and longest
- Infundibulum
- Fimbriae — Fingerlike projection
13
Q
The womb is where a fetus (unborn baby) develops and grows
A
Uterus
14
Q
muscle that contracts for childbirth and cramps
A
myoterium
15
Q
this sheds to ready the uterine cavity for possible pregnancy; waste removal
A
endometrium
16
Q
Enumerate the wall of uterus (External to internal)
A
Wall of uterus (External to Internal
Perimetrium
Myometrium — muscle that contracts for childbirth and cramps
Endometrium — this sheds to ready the uterine cavity for possible pregnancy; waste removal
17
Q
skin covering; most anterior
A
mons pubis
18
Q
for protection for young female reproduction
A
Hymen
19
Q
- Area between the pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet
- Usually assessed during a labor
- Passageway of a baby
A
Pelvic Cavity
20
Q
Separates the TRUE and FALSE Pelvis
A
Linea Terminalis
21
Q
Basis for labor if the baby will fit or not
A
True Pelvis
22
Q
Inner portion of the abdominal wall
A
Anterior boundary of False Pelvis
23
Q
Lumbar vertebra
A
Posterior boundary of False Pelvis
24
Q
Iliac fossa
A
Lateral boundary of False Pelvis
25
Pubic bone
Anterior boundary of True Pelvis
26
Anterior surface of the sacrum
Posterior boundary of True Pelvis
27
Inner surface of the ischial bones and sacrosciatic notches and ligaments
Lateral boundary of True Pelvis
28
What are structures visible externally from the pubis to the perineum?
Mons pubis
Labia majora and minora
Clitoris
Hymen
Vestibule
Urethral opening
Various glandular and vascular structures
29
- Most prominent
- Also called mons veneris
- fat-filled cushion that lies over the symphysis pubis
Mons Pubis
30
- It is where the round ligaments (one of the support of our internal reproductive organs) terminate (upper boarder)
- Rich in elastic fibers and fat
- With rich venous plexus which may develop varicosities (because of the pressure of the growing fetus inside the uterus) during pregnancy esp. in multiparas
Labia Majora
31
- moist and reddish, similar in appearance to a mucous membrane
- extremely sensitive because it is supplied with many nerve endings
- Inferiorly, it forms the fourchette (important for examination of patients in labor)
Labia Minora
32
- Thinnest lip of the area of the vagina
- it does not contain any hair follicles
- It roofs over the clitories
Labia Minora
33
- Principal female erogenous organ
- composed of a glans, a corpus, and two crura
Clitoris
34
What are the openings of vestibule
- Urethra
- Vagina
- ducts of the Bartholin’s glands (2)
- ducts of the paraurethral glands/skene glands (2)
35
- Greater vestibular glands
- 0.5 to 1 cm in diameter
- lie inferior to the vestibular bulbs and deep to the inferior ends of the bulbospongiosus muscle (muscle of the anterior triangle)
Bartholin’s Glands
36
- ducts are 1.5 to 2 cm long and open distal to the hymenal ring at 5 & 7 o'clock position
- function: helps lubricate the vaginal area
Bartholin’s Glands
37
- The diamond area between the thighs
- Talks about two triangles
- Boundaries are same as those of the bony pelvic outlet
Perineum
38
Internal pudendal artery (inferior rectal artery and posterior labial artery)
Blood Supply of Perineum
39
Also called Urogenital Triangle
Anterior Triangle
40
What is the 2 division of Anterior Triangle
Superficial space – closed compartment
Deep space – continuous superiorly with the pelvic cavity
41
What are the boundaries of Anterior Triangle
Superior: Pubic rami
Lateral: Ischial tuberosities
Posterior: Superficial transverse pernieal muscle
42
Muscles found in the Anterior triangle
Bulbospongiosus
Superficial transverse pernieal muscles
Ischiocavernosus
Vagina
43
- Formed by the anterior rami of S2-S4
- The course between piriformis and coccygeus muscle and exits through the greater sciatic foramen at a location posterior to the sacrospinous ligament and jusr medial to the ischial spine
Pudendal Nerve
44
What are the 3 terminal branches of Pudendal Nerve
Dorsal nerve of the clitoris
Perineal nerve
Inferior rectal nerve
45
supplies nerve in the skin of the clitoris
Dorsal nerve of the clitoris
46
supplies nerve to the muscles of the anterior triangle and labial skins
Perineal nerve
47
supplies nerve to the external anal sphincter, mucous membrane or anal canal and the perineal skin
Inferior rectal nerve
48
What are the parts of posterior triangle?
Ischional fossae
Anal canal
Anal sphincter complex
Internal anal
External anal
Puborectalis
49
Usually done in OB-Gyn clinics to hasten the delivery of the fetal head
Episiotomy
50
What are the internal Generative Organs?
Ovaries
Fallopian TUbes
Uterus
Vagina
51
Almond shaped, vary in size about 4x2cm
Ovary
52
- Production of mature ova (necessary for a successful pregnancy)
- Production of female sex hormones (Estrogen and progesterone)
Function of OVary
53
what is the attachment of ovaries?
- Broad ligament by the mesovarium.
- Lateral pelvic wall by the suspensory ligament
- Round ligament of the ovary connects the lateral margin of the uterus to the ovary
- Utero-Ovarian ligament
54
What is the Blood Supply of ovary
Ovarian artery
Ovarian branches of the uterine artery
55
arise from the abdominal aorta
Ovarian artery
56
arise from the internal iliac artery
Ovarian branches of the uterine artery
57
What are the venous drainage of ovary
Left and Right Ovarian Vein
58
empties into the inferior vena cava
Right ovarian vein
59
empties into the Left renal vein
Left ovarian vein
60
What are the Lymph drainage of ovary
Ovarian veins and uterine venous plexus
61
- Derives partly from the ovarian plexus
- Supplied both by the sympathetic and parasympathetic plexus
Nerve supply of ovary
62
ovarian plexus and lumbar splanchic nerve cell bodies in the T11 and L1 spinal sensory ganglia
Sympathetic fibers
63
uterine and inferior hypogastric plexuses and pelvic splanchnic nerves to cell bodies in the S2-S4 spinal sensory gangli
Parasympathetic
64
- About 10 cm. long
- Also called oviducts
- Attached to the upper border of the broad ligament supported by the mesosalphinx
Fallopian Tube
65
- Receives ovum from the ovary
- Site of fertilization
- Provides nourishment for the fertilized ovum and transport it to the uterine cavity
Function of Fallopian tube
66
- funnel shaped distal end
- opend into the peritoneal cavity via abdominal ostium
- w/ finger like projections: fimbrae
Infundibulum
67
- Widest and longest part of fallopian tube
- MOST common site of fertilization
Ampulla of fallopian tube
68
narrowest and hick-walled part of fallopian tube
Isthmus
69
Responsible in getting the mature ova from ovaries
Fimbriae
70
- short intramural segment that pierces the wall of the uterus
- opens via the uterine ostium into the uterine cavity
- Attached to the uterus
Uterine part
71
Blood supply of fallopian tube
- Uterine artery
- Ovarian artery
72
Pregnancy outside of the uterus (Outside of the uterine cavity)
secret eme kasi ano yun ganto parang ewan kasi ganto uhmmm ectopic pregnancy
73
what are the symptoms of ectopic pregnancy
amenorrhea (absence of menses)
spotting
hypogastric pain
74
Thick-walled, hollow, muscular organ; pear-shaped
Uterus
75
- houses” fetus from development to birth
- Endometrial lining responds to hormones and sheds off during a women’s cycle
Function of Uterus
76
What are the parts of uterus?
- Fundus
- Cornua
- Corpus or body
- Isthmus
- Cervix
77
convex upper segment between the points of insertion of the fallopian tubes
Fundus of uterus
78
at the junction of the superior and lateral margins
Cornua
79
between the internal cervical os and the endometrial cavity; forms the lower uterine segment during pregnancy
ISthmus of uterus
80
- Lower part of the uterus
- about 2.5 to 3 cm.
Cervix
81
covers the uterus entirely at a posterior aspect; anteriorly it goes over the bladder
Serosa (perimetrium)
82
contracts during labor and delivery
Muscular (myometrium)
83
one being shed off in response to the hormones; it thickens in response to estrogen and then it will slock off in response to progesterone;
Mucosa (endometrium)
84
refers to the anterior bend of the uterus at the angle between the cervix and the body of the uterus
Anteflexed
85
refers to the anterior bend of the uterus at the angle between the cervix and vagina
Anteverted
86
fundus and body of the uterus is bent backward on the vagina so that they lie in the rectouterine pouch; nakatingala
Retroverted
87
What is the arterial supply of uterus
Uterine arteries
Collateral branches from ovarian arteries
88
What is the venous drainage of uterus
Internal iliac veins
89
- Extend from the lateral portion of the uterus
- Corresponds embryologically to ovarian gubernaculum
Uterine Support: Round Ligament
90
- Winglike structures from lateral margins to pelvic sidewall
- Double layer of peritoneum. Consist of an anterior leaf and a posterior leaf
Uterine Support: Broad Ligament
91
What are the division of Broad Ligament
mesosalphinx
mesovarium
mesometrium
suspensory ligament of the ovary
92
extends laterally from the cervix to the side wall of the pelvis
Located at the base of the broad ligament
Transverse Cervical Ligament (Cardinal ligament of Mackenrodt)
93
- From its attachment posterolaterally to the supravaginal portion of the cervix and inserts into the fascia over the sacrum
- Form the lateral boundaries of the pouch of Douglas
- Support Posteriorly
Uterine Support: Uterosacral Ligaments
94
- Extends anteriorly from the cervix to the pubic symphysis and helps to prevent a cystocele
- Support Anteriorly
Uterine Support: Pubocervical Ligament
95
- Muscular tube measuring about 7-9cm.
- Extends from the vulva to the uterus
vagina
96
- interposed anteriorly and posteriorly between the urinary bladder and the rectum
- Subdivided by the cervix into fornices: Anterior, posterior and 2 lateral (Right and Left)
Vagina
97
- serves as a canal for menstrual fluid
- forms the inferior part of the birth canal
vagina
98
- receives the penis and ejaculate during sexual intercourse
- communicates superiorly with cervical canal and inferiorly with the vesitibule of the vagina
Vagina
99
Muscles that compresses the vagina acting as sphincters:
- pubovaginalis
- external urethral sphincter
- urethrovaginal sphincter
- bulbospongiosus
100
cardio
dalisay
101
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