Female Urogenital Triangle

Question 1

What are the functions of the vulva/pudendum?

Answer 1

• erectile/sensory tissue for sex
• direct the flow of urine
• prevents foreign entry into urogenital tract

Question 2

What is the mons pubis?

Answer 2

rounded, fatty prominence ant. to: pubic symphysis, superior pubic rami and pubic tubercles

Question 3

What is the labia majora?

Answer 3

• prominent raised folds of skin on either side of pudendal cleft
• contains: glandular and hairy external surface; smooth, pink hairless internal surface

Question 4

What is the labia majora homologous to in males?

Answer 4

two halves of scrotal sac

Question 5

What ligament terminates in the labia majora?

Answer 5

round lig. of uterus

Question 6

What surrounds the vestibule of vagina?

Answer 6

labia minora

Question 7

What is the labia minora?

Answer 7

-folds of fat-free, hairless skin enclosed in pudendal cleft by labia majora

Question 8

How does the labia minora connect posteriorly in young women and virgins?

Answer 8

frenulum of labia minora

Question 9

What is the homologue of the labia minora in males?

Answer 9

the skin that covers body of penis in males

Question 10

When the labia minora meets anteriorly, what structure does it form?

Answer 10

prepuce of clitoris

Question 11

What makes up the root of the clitoris?

Answer 11

2 crura located along the internal surface of ischial rami

Question 12

What surrounds the female crus?

Answer 12

ischiocavernosus mm.

Question 13

Each female crus is continuous with what structure in the body of clitoris?

Answer 13

Corpus cavernosum

Question 14

Where does the bulbospongiosus m. travel?

Answer 14

originates at perineal body and inserts onto clitoris, covering bulb of vestibule on either side of vaginal orifice

Question 15

What is the body of the clitoris composed of?

Answer 15

2 corpora cavernosa

Question 16

What is the function of the glans clitoris?

Answer 16

organ of sexual arousal

Question 17

What is the vestibule of vagina?

Answer 17

space btw labia minora were urethra and vagina open externally

Question 18

What is the hymen?

Answer 18

thin fold of mucous membrane covering vaginal orifice, may cover vaginal orifice completely but perforates at puberty to allow for menstrual flow

Question 19

What is the bulb of vestibule?

Answer 19

paired masses of elongated erectile tissue deep to labia minora

Question 20

what is the bulb of the vestibule covered by and continuous with?

Answer 20

bulbospongiosus m. and glans clitoris

Question 21

what is the homologue to bulb vestibule in males?

Answer 21

bulb of penis and corpus spongiosum

Question 22

What are vestibular glands?

Answer 22

round/oval glands located on each side of vestibule posterolateral to vagina

Question 23

What two arteries supply the vulva?

Answer 23

external and internal pudendal aa.

Question 24

What does the external pudendal artery supply?

Answer 24

skin and superficial fascia of vulva

Question 25

Does the external pudendal artery have branches?

Answer 25

Yes, deep and superficial arteries that branch from femoral artery

Question 26

What does the internal pudendal artery supply?

Answer 26

via deep a. of clitoris - supplies erectile tissue in clitoris

Question 27

what is the venous drainage of the vulva?

Answer 27

internal pudendal v drain to internal iliac v

Question 28

The innervation of the vulva somatically by _______, __________ and __________

Answer 28

ilioinguinal, genitofemoral and pudendal n

Question 29

What nerve is formed by ilioinguinal in female?

Answer 29

anterior labial n

Question 30

What does genitofemoral n innervate on a female?

Answer 30

anterolateral perineum

Question 31

What does the pudendal nerve terminate in a female?

Answer 31

posterior labial nerve (from superficial perineal n)

Question 32

Innervation of vulva parasympathetically via __________?

Answer 32

cavernous nerve from uterovaginal nerve plexus

Question 33

What is the result of parasympathetic innervation to the vulva?

Answer 33

increases vaginal secretion and erection of clitoris

Question 34

A pudendal nerve block during childbirth would be injected where?

Answer 34

where pudendal nerve crosses sacrospinal lig, near its attachement to ischial spine

Question 35

What is another block the pudendal block may be coupled with?

Answer 35

ilioinguinal nerve block

Question 36

ilioinguinal nerve block abolishes what sensations from what area?

Answer 36

sensations from anterior part of perineum

Question 37

What are the 4 main perineal fascias and pouches?

Answer 37

1. superficial perineal fascia 2. deep perineal fascia 3. superficial perineal pouch 4. deep perineal pouch

Question 38

The fatty superficial layer of superficial perineal fascia is continous with what fascia?

Answer 38

Camper's fascia

Question 39

In females the fatty superficial layer of superficial perineal fascia extends into?

Answer 39

labia majora and over mons pubis

Question 40

in males the fatty superficial layer of superficial perineal fascia is ?

Answer 40

reduced, replaced by smooth muscle in penis/scrotum

Question 41

What is another name for the membranous deep layer of the superficial perineal fascia?

Answer 41

Colles' fascia - continuous with scarpa's fascia

Question 42

Colles fascia attaches posteriorly to ?

Answer 42

perineal body and perineal membrane

Question 43

Colles fascia attaches laterally to ?

Answer 43

fascia lata of thigh

Question 44

Colles fascia is continuous with?

Answer 44

dartos fascia of penis and scrotum

Question 45

What does the deep perineal fascia invest?

Answer 45

ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus and superficial transverse perineal muscles

Question 46

Where does the deep perineal fascia attach?

Answer 46

laterally to ischiopubic rami

Question 47

Deep perineal fascia fuses anterior with?

Answer 47

suspensory lig or either penis or clitoris

Question 48

What is the deep perineal fascia continuous with?

Answer 48

deep fascia of anterolateral abdominal wall

Question 49

the superficial perineal pouch is the potential space between?

Answer 49

colles fascia and perineal membrane

Question 50

What does superficial perineal pouch contain in males?

Answer 50

- crura and bulb of penis, ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus - proximal part of spongy urethra - superficial transverse perineal m - deep perineal branches of internal pudendal AV and pudendal N

Question 51

What does superficial perineal pouch contain in females?

Answer 51

- crura of clitoris and ischiocavernosus - bulb of vestibule and bulbospongiousus - greater vestibular glands - superficial transverse perineal m - deep perineal branches of internal pudendal AV and pudendal N

Question 52

Where is the deep perineal pouch?

Answer 52

located above perineal membrane and open superior to ischioanal fossae

Question 53

What is in the deep perineal pouch?

Answer 53

- membranous urethra and bulbourethral glands (males) - proximal part of urethra (females) - external urethral sphincter - both sexes - deep transverse perineal m - both sexes

Question 54

What innervates the external urethral sphincter m?

Answer 54

dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris- branch of pudendal