Feminism

Question 1

origins

The Enlightenment and Early feminism

Answer 1

can trace it’s roots back to John Locke and Mary Woolstonecraft
A Vindicationof the rights of women (1792) was seen to be the first feminist manifesto where she argued women should not be confined to the domestic sphere and should have the same rights as men

Question 2

First Wave Feminism

late 19th early 20th century

Answer 2

primary focused on legal inequality and womens right to suffrage
notable figures include Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Question 3

Second wave feminism

1960s to 1980s

Answer 3

shifted focus to cultural rights of women and societal norms
such as reproductive rights and the workplace
Simone De Beauvior’s ‘the second sex (1949) is considered major work in this wave critiquing the status of ‘womanhood’ and womens second class status

Question 4

Third wave Feminism

emerged in mid 1990’s

Answer 4

responsing to the percieved failures of the second wave encoorperating intersectionality into the discussion of feminism
notable figures include Rebecca Walker and Anita Hill

Question 5

Modern feminism

Answer 5

consists of many different strands including liberal feminism, radical, Materialist and intersectional
comtemporary issues focus on things such as sex trafficking, online harrassment and workplace inequality

Question 6

define feminism

Answer 6

a socio-political movement aiming for equal rights for women in all areas of life

Question 7

Core Feminism on equality

Answer 7

focuses on equality of all - doesn’t just single out womens rights it also focuses on toxic masculinity

Question 8

Introduction to intersectionality

Answer 8

coined by Kimberle Crenshaw and describes how oppressive institutions are connected and cannot be adresssed seperately from eachother

Question 9

Liberal feminism

Answer 9

seeks equality through legal and political reform
it views womens exclusion from equal treatment as the main obstacle to gender equality

Question 10

Radical feminism

Answer 10

focuses on the theory of patriarchy as a system of power that organizes society into complex relationships based on the assertion that male supremacy oppresses women.

Question 11

Socialist feminism

Answer 11

focuses on sharing public resources equally, such as opportunities for jobs and wages, asserting that the personal is political.

Question 12

Difference feminism

emerged in 1980s

Answer 12

fundemental differnce between men and women and these differences should be acknoledged and celebrated

Question 13

Post-feminism

emerged in 1990s

Answer 13

describes the percieved shift in views towards women - that feminism have achieved their goals

Question 14

Core Feminism on Human Nature

Answer 14

human nature is moulded by burture and not nature- gender roles are created by society not innate
Difference feminists argue that men cannot be reformed as it is in their human nature to dominate women

Question 15

Core feminist ideas on The State

Answer 15

many feminists view the state as synonomous with the patriarchy
liberal feminist see the state as a way to provide equality whereas socialist feminist see the state as a capitalist system that fosters patriarchy so this needs to be abolished to ensure equality

Question 16

Core feminism on Society

Answer 16

patriarchy pervades all types of society, and in society women are fundementally disadvantaged
feminists have campaigned against barriers that society puts in place for women in society

Question 17

Core feminism on The Economy

Answer 17

capitalist economy is the prime vehicle that supports female subjugation and needs to break down so that females can rise to equality
liberal feminist belive that capitalist economies have moved to promote equality e.g. equal pay but many feminist still believe there is a ‘glass ceiling’ which limits women
many feminist believe the position of women in devloping economies are far more disadvantaged than in the west

Question 18

Charlotte Perkins Gilman on Human Nature