Ferns and Lycophytes Flashcards
Vascular tissue allowed for plants to?
Grow tall
Living vascular plants are characterized by?
- Dominant sporophyte
- Vascular tissues
-Xylem
-Phloem - Roots and leaves
What is the most diverse seedless vascular plant?
Ferns
-more than 12 000 species
What types of plants belong to the Monilophyta phyla?
Ferns, Horsetails, whisk ferns
What types of plants belong to the Lycophyta phyla?
Club mosses, spike mosses, quillworts
Why aren’t club mosses and spike mosses moss?
They have vascular tissues
A mature fern sporophyte has?
- Rhizome
-underground stem - Leaves
- Roots
How do ferns disperse their spores?
Using a catapult mechanism
What are the three tissue systems?
- Vascular tissue
-Xylem
-Phloem - Ground Tissue
-Parenchyma
-Collenchyma
-Sclerenchyma - Dermal Tissue
-Periderm
-Cork
-Epidermis
Are the tissue systems continuous throughout the plant?
Yes
What are tracheids?
Water conducting cells of the xylem
-Dead tube shaped cells
Is phloem alive?
Yes
What does the phloem distribute?
Sugars, amino acids, other organic products
What is the purpose of roots?
To anchor the plant and to absorb water and nutrients from the soil
What are the types of roots
- Adventitious
-from rhizome - Lateral
-secondary root - Primary root
-originates in embryo
What is the purpose of leaves?
Increases surface area to capture more solar energy for photosynthesis
What are the two types of leaves?
- Microphylls
-Have a single vein - Megaphylls
-Highly branched vascular system
Sporophylls
Leaves with sporangia on it’s underside
Sori
Clusters of sporangia on the undersides of sporophylls
Strobili
Cone-like structures formed from groups of sporophylls
What are sieve elements?
Living cells in the phloem tissue of vascular plants, responsible for transporting sugars and other nutrients throughout the plant
-Sieve tubes aka pipelines for transport are connected by specialized pores called sieve plates
