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NUR 359: OB > Fetal Development > Flashcards

Fetal Development Flashcards

1
Q

fertilization=

A

conception

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2
Q

def zygote

A

sperm fuses w/ an ovum to form a new diploid cell

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3
Q

after the union of the 2 gametes, the zygote will contain how many chromosomes

A

46

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4
Q

when is the sex of the baby determined

A

@ the moment of fertilization

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5
Q

cell division occurs via

A

rapid mitosis

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6
Q

when does a blastocyst form?

A

3 days after fertilization

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7
Q

patho of blastocyst

A
  • blastocyst implants into the endometrium and sarronds itself in maternal tissue
  • inner cell mass of blastocyst develops into embryo
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8
Q

when does implantation occur?

A

7-10 days after fertilization

-approx day 22/23rd day of 28 day cycle

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9
Q

implantation causes which hormone to be secreted

A

HCG

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10
Q

is there a (+) preg test when implantation occurs

A

no- not yet

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11
Q

which bodily fluid picks up HCG fastest

A

blood

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12
Q

when will a mom get a (+) preg test

A

4 weeks

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13
Q

the first day of LMP is used to determine

A

due date

gest age

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14
Q

when is the embryonic period

A

3-8 wk of preg after conception

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15
Q

what development occurs during the embryonic period

A
  • basic structures of all major organs completed

- tissues differentiate into essential organs

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16
Q

when is a baby most vulnerable to teratogens

A

embryonic period

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17
Q

a baby is considered a fetus after the ____ wk

A

8th

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18
Q

when is the CNS and heart developing/developed

A

3rd wk

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19
Q

when is external genitalia developed

A

8-9 wk

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20
Q

when does the brain begin to develop

A

wk 9-16

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21
Q

how often does HCG rise during preg?

A

q 24 h

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22
Q

def implantation bleeding

A

bleeding occurs when egg burrows into the endometrial wall

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23
Q

implanation bleeding is AKA

A

implantation spotting

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24
Q

what color is blood when implantation bleeding occurs

A

light red/pink

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25
the flickering of a heart can be heard when and through what method
end of wk 6 | US
26
length of fetal period
9 wks to birth
27
at 8 wks, you can hear the fetal heart beat via
vaginal US
28
when is the best time to date a preg
8 wks
29
what measurement is taken at 8 weeks
crown-rump measurement
30
fetal heartbeat can be detected by ____ @ 12 wks
doppler
31
external genitalia can be distinguished
8-12 wks
32
when does lanugo begin to develop
8-12 wks
33
when can the sex of the baby be determined
17-21 wks
34
quickening can be perceived by mom as early as
16 wks
35
quickening must be perceived by which week
20th week
36
vernix caseosa covers skin during which weeks
16-20 wks
37
brown fat production is completed by
20 wks
38
purpose of brown fat
- keeps baby warm in utero | - helps provide nourishment for newborn while mothers milk is still descending/producing
39
if the fetus were born during this week, it would be possible for it to survive
24 wks
40
what is happening at 24 wks gestation
- lung alveoli beginning to form - surfactant production begins in lungs - gas exchange possible - fetal resp mvmts
41
fetal resp mvmts
can see chest of fetus move up and down on US expanding and contracting baby is practicing breathing
42
the baby has a much better chance of survival of born during which week
28th week
43
eyes open and close after how many wks gestation
26 wks
44
gestational development at 32 weeks
- rhythmic breathing mvmts | - ability to control temp
45
gestational dev at 38 wks
- well developed ability to exchange gas - lanugo on back and shoulders only - vernix present in major body creases
46
auxiliary structures/organs
placenta umbilical cord fetal membranes- amniotic sac amniotic fluid
47
T/F- the placenta is the interface bx mother and fetus
true
48
metabolic fx of the placenta
``` - substances synthesized into glycogen chol carbs fatty acid ```
49
what is the key fx of the placenta
respiration/gas exchange by simple diffusion
50
placenta as the transfer organ
o2 nutrients waste products AB's
51
T/F- placenta stores nutrients
true
52
when does HCG become present in blood
8-10 days after fertilization
53
when does HCG become present in urine
at time of missed menses
54
fx of progesterone during preg
- causes endometrium to change into the decidua - decreases contractility of the uterus - suppresses maternal rxns to fetal antigens that cause SAB
55
def decidua
provides nourishment for the early conceptus
56
what hormone must be present for implantation to occur
progesterone
57
what hormone can be given to prospective moms if they are having trouble getting/ staying pregnant
progesterone
58
fx of estrogen during preg
- enlargement of breasts, uterus, and external genitalia | - enhances uterine activity as due date approaches
59
what is HPL
human placental lactogen
60
fx's of HPL
- promotes nutrition and fetal growth - decr maternal insulin sensitivity and utilization of glucose---> making more glucose available for fetal growth - maternal breast development to support lactation
61
bv's of the umbilical cord
2 arteries | 1 vein
62
what is wharton's jelly
sarrounds the bv's in the umbilical cord
63
when does the amniotic sac form?
at time of implantation
64
layers of the amniotic sac
- amnion | - chorion
65
amnion
- inner membrane of amniotic sac | - contains amniotic fluid
66
chorion
-outer membrane of the amniotic sac
67
what is chorio
infec of the chorionic membrane
68
what are mom and baby at risk for if the chorionic sac membrane is ruptured
infec
69
amniotic fluid____ in vol throughout the preg
increases
70
what is the normal vol range of amniotic fluid after 20 wks gestation
700-1000 mL
71
fx of amniotic fluid
- thermoreg of fluid - symmetrical growth and dev of fetus - cushions and protects fetus - protects umbilical cord
72
what measurement is important to determine fetal well being
volume of amniotic fluid
73
oligohydramnios
leak of amniotic fluid
74
polyhydramnios
may indicate that the baby is not swallowing | ----> may indicate baby GI distress/disfx
75
likelihood of having twins increases with
maternal age

NUR 359: OB (15 decks)

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