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Flashcards in Fever Deck (24)
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1
Q

Body temperature is controlled by the

A

hypothalamus

2
Q

core body temperature in the range of

A

36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)

3
Q

mean oral temperature is _____ with low levels at 6 a.m. and higher levels at 4–6 p.m.

A

36.8° ± 0.4°C (98.2° ± 0.7°F),

4
Q

maximal normal oral temperature is _____ 6 a.m. and _____°C (99.9°F) at 4 p.m.;

A
  1. 2°C (98.9°F) at 6am

37. 7 at 4pm

5
Q

The normal daily temperature variation is typically

A

0.5°C (0.9°F).

6
Q

Rectal temperatures are generally ____ higher than oral readings.

A

0.4°C (0.7°F)

7
Q

women who menstruate, the a.m. temperature is generally ____ in the 2 weeks before ovulation;
rises by____ with ovulation and remains at that level until menses occur.

A

lower

∼0.6°C (1°F)

8
Q

fever of >41.5°C (>106.7°F) is called

A

hyperpyrexia

9
Q

Hyperpyrexia most commonly occurs in patients with

A

central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhages.

10
Q

is characterized by an uncontrolled increase in body temperature that exceeds the body’s ability to lose heat.
does not respond to antipyretics.

A

Hyperthermia

11
Q

pyrogenic cytokines include

A

IL-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and ciliary neurotropic factor CNF
Interferon -a

12
Q

IFN-α used in the treatment of .

A

hepatitis

13
Q

During fever, levels of _____are elevated in hypo- thalamic tissue and the third cerebral ventricle

A

prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)

14
Q

Primary cell types that produce pyrogenic cytokines

A

Myeloid and endothelial cells

15
Q

in patients with low-grade fevers or possible disease, the most valuable measurements are the

A

C-reactive protein level and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate

16
Q

occurs in typhoid fever, brucellosis, leptospirosis, some drug-induced fevers, and factitious fever.

A

Temperature-pulse dissociation (relative bradycardia)

17
Q

Plasmodium vivax causes fever every

A

third day

18
Q

fever occurs every fourth day with

A

P. malariae.

19
Q

relapsing fever is related to ____, with days of fever followed by a several-day afe- brile period and then a relapse into additional days of fever.

A

Borrelia infection

20
Q

fever lasting 3–10 days is followed by afebrile periods of 3–10 days; this pattern can be classic for Hodgkin’s dis- ease and other lymphomas.

A

Pel-Ebstein pattern,

21
Q

In cyclic neutropenia, fevers occur every ___and accompany the neutropenia.

A

21 days

22
Q

the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of PGE2

A

arachidonic acid

23
Q

In children, acetaminophen or oral ibuprofen must be used because aspirin increases the risk of

A

Reye’s syndrome.

24
Q

for every increase of 1°C over 37°C, there is a ___ increase in oxygen consumption)

A

13%