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Year 2 > FHHD > Flashcards

FHHD Flashcards

1
Q

Dermatology:

What is a macule

A

Localised area of colour and textural change in skin

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2
Q

Dermatology:

Define papule

A

Small solid elevation of skin less than 5mm in diameter

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3
Q

Dermatology:

Define nodule

A

Small solid elevation of skin larger than 5mm in diameter

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4
Q

Dermatology:

What is koilonychia

A

Nail abnormality where the nails are spoon shaped

Commonly seen in iron deficiency anaemia

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5
Q

Dermatology:

Name a disease that causes clubbing of fingernails

A

Lung cancer
Inflammatory bowel disease
Asbestosis

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6
Q

Dermatology:

Which symptom is normal to find in infants

A) finger clubbing
B) beau's lines 
C) koilonychia 
D) paronychia 
E) nail pitting
A

C) koilonychia

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7
Q

Dermatology:

Which symptom consists of grooves running side to side on the nail and is as a result of nail growth disruption?

A) finger clubbing
B) beau's lines 
C) koilonychia 
D) paronychia 
E) nail pitting
A

B) beau’s lines

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8
Q

Dermatology:

What is the common microorganism that causes acute paronychia?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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9
Q

Dermatology:

What is herpatic whitlow

A

Nail abnormality resulting in blisters forming

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10
Q

which virus causes primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

A

HSV1 and HSV2

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11
Q

how is primary herpetic gingivostomatitis spread?

A

saliva

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12
Q

Which disease shows the following clinical signs:

  • intraepithelial vesicles rupture producing crusted lips and widespread painful oral ulcers
  • pyrexia (raised body temperature)
  • headache
  • cervical lymphadenopathy

a) chickenpox
b) glandular fever
c) primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
d) syphilis
e) actinomycosis

A

c) primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

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13
Q

what is the treatment for herpetic gingivostomatitis?

A

advice
supportive therapy eg chlorhexidine mouthwash
aciclovir in severe cases

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14
Q

what are the trigger factors that can reactivate herpes simplex infection?

A 
sunlight
trauma
stress
fever
menstruation
immunosuppression
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15
Q

which virus causes chickenpox?

a) HSV1
b) HSV2
c) Varicella Zoster virus (VZV)
d) Epstein-barr virus (EBV)
e) Simian herpes 8

A

c) Varicella Zoster virus (VZV)

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16
Q

What causes shingles?

A

Shingles is caused due to the reactivation of the Varicella zoster virus after being latent in the dorsal root ganglia

17
Q

What is Ramsay Hunt Syndrome?

A

Varicella Zoster virus affecting the motor nerve.
Affects the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve causing ipsilateral lower motor facial palsy, rash in external ear and loss of taste in anterior 2/3 of tongue

18
Q

What causes glandular fever (Infectious mononucleosis)?

a) HSV1
b) HSV2
c) Varicella Zoster virus (VZV)
d) Epstein-barr virus (EBV)
e) Simian herpes 8

A

d) Epstein-barr virus (EBV)

19
Q

How does Epstein Barr virus affect lymphocytes?

A

B lymphocytes are infected.

T lymphocytes detect infected B cells and become atypical lymphocytes (Downey cells)

20
Q

what infection presents with the clinical symptoms of:

  • lymph node enlargement
  • fever
  • pharyngeal inflammation
  • petechiae (small red dots) in the palate
  • oral ulceration
  • gingival bleeding

a) chickenpox
b) glandular fever
c) primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
d) syphilis
e) actinomycosis

A

b) glandular fever

21
Q

Which disease is not caused by the Epstein-Barr virus?

a) Glandular fever
b) Burkitt’s lymphoma
c) Oral hairy leukoplakia
d) Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
e) Shingles

A

e) Shingles - caused by VZV virus that is reactivated

22
Q

what virus causes hand, foot and mouth disease?

A

Coxsackie Virus type A16

can also be caused by A4,5,9 and 10

23
Q

what causes Herpangina ?

A

Coxackie virus types A1-6,8,10,16,22,B3

24
Q

what virus causes mumps?

A

Paramyxoviridae

spread by direct contact with saliva and droplet spread

25
Q

what are the clinical features of Papillomavirus ?

A

warty lesions of skin and mucous membrane

Year 2 (10 decks)

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