FHS GCSE PE 1.2.2

Question 1

What does the cardiovascular system consist of?

Answer 1

Heart, Blood and Blood Vessels

Question 2

What is the definition of heart rate?

Answer 2

The number of times the heart beats per minute.

Question 3

What is the definition of cardiac output?

Answer 3

The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute.

Question 4

What is the definition of stroke volume?

Answer 4

The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one beat.

Question 5

What is equation for cardiac output?

Answer 5

Stroke Volume(SV) x Heart Rate (HR) = Cardiac Output (CO)

Question 6

What is systolic blood pressure?

Answer 6

The maximum pressure of the blood in the arteries when the heart contracts. This increases with exercise.

Question 7

What is diastolic blood pressure?

Answer 7

The pressure of the blood in the arteries when the heart relaxes between beats.

Question 8

What are the 3 immediate effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system?

Answer 8

Increased heart rate, increased stroke volume and an increase is systolic blood pressure.

Question 9

What is the benefit of your heart rate and stroke volume increasing when you exercise?

Answer 9

There is an increased oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal.

Question 10

What are the 7 long term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system?

Answer 10

Increased stroke volume, increased size and strength of the heart (cardiac hypertrophy), resting heart rate decreases, lower blood pressure, healthier veins and arteries and an increased number of red blood cells.

Question 11

What is the benefit of cardiac hypertrophy?

Answer 11

When your heart is bigger and stronger it reduces the chances of CHD.

Question 12

What is the benefit of having an increased number of red blood cells?

Answer 12

It increases blood flow supplying more oxygen to the working muscles.

Question 13

Why is rest important to the cardiovascular system?

Answer 13

It allows the heart to grow as it is also a muscle. The number of capillaries will also increase.

Question 14

What are the 2 different types of cholesterol?

Answer 14

Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL).

Question 15

Why is Low Density Lipoprotein known as ‘bad cholesterol’?

Answer 15

It can cause deposits to build up in the arteries. This can restrict blood flow and lead to an increased blood pressure and the chance of CHD.

Question 16

Why is High Density Lipoprotein known as ‘good cholesterol’?

Answer 16

It can help to take bad cholesterol away from the heart and to the liver to be broken down.

Question 17

What can regular exercise do to your blood pressure and cholesterol levels?

Answer 17

It can lower them reducing the chance of a stroke or CHD.

Question 18

What effect does smoking have on the cardiovascular system?

Answer 18

It can raise blood pressure and reduce good cholesterol. This will increase the risk of CHD.

Question 19

What effect does alcohol have on the cardiovascular system?

Answer 19

It can increase good cholesterol in moderation.

Question 20

What is the definition of blood pressure?

Answer 20

The force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the blood vessels.

Question 21

What happens to blood pressure and cholesterol if you have too much fat in your diet?

Answer 21

They increase.