Field Techniques for Biologists (c) Identification and Taxonomy Flashcards
Identification of an organism in a sample can be made using…
Classification guides, biological keys or analysis of DNA protein
Organisms can be classified by both…
Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
Taxonomy involves the…
Identification and naming of organisms and their classifiactions into groups based on shared characteristics
Phylogenetics is the study of…
The evolutionary history and relationships among individuals or groups of organisms
Phylogenetics is changing the…
Traditional classifications of many organisms
Phylogenetics use heritable traits such as morphology (structure of organisms), DNA sequences and protein structure to make inferences about…
An organisms evolutionary history and create a phylogeny (or phylogenetic tree)- a diagrammatic hypothesis of its relationship to other organisms.
Genetic evidence can reveal relatedness obscured by…
Divergent or convergent evolution
Familiarity with taxonomic groupings allows…
Predictions and inferences to be made about the biology of an organism from better- known (model) organisms
Model organisms are…
Those that are either easily studied or have been well studied
Information obtained from model organisms can be applied to…
Other SPECIES that are more difficult to study
Examples of taxonomic groups are…
Nematodes, arthropods and chordates
_______ have been very important in the advancement in biology
Model organisms such as the bacterium E.coli; the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana; the nematode C.elegans; the arthropod Drosophila melanogaster (a fruit fly); mice, rats, and zebrafish
