Fighting Disease

Question 1

What body features do we have to prevent disease?

Answer 1

The skin acts as a barrier to pathogens and also secretes antimicrobial substances which kill pathogens
Hairs and mucus in your nose trap particles that could contain pathogens
The trachea and bronchi secrete music to trap pathogens
The stomach produces hydrochloric acid which kills pathogens that make it past the mouth

Question 2

What can attack pathogens?

Answer 2

White blood cells

Question 3

When white blood cells come across pathogens, what 3 things can they do?

Answer 3

Consumer the pathogen, produce specific antibodies for that pathogen, and produce antitoxins

Question 4

White blood cells can consume pathogens. What is this called?

Answer 4

Phagocytosis

Question 5

What are the unique molecules every invading pathogen has on its surface?

Answer 5

Antigens

Question 6

What happens when a white blood cell comes across a foreign antigen?

Answer 6

They will start to produce proteins called antibodies to lock onto the invading cells so that they can be found and destroyed by other white blood cells. The antibodies produced are specific to that type of antigen, they won’t lock onto any others.

Question 7

After a foreign antigen is found in the body and is locked in, what do white blood cells do?

Answer 7

Antibodies are produced rapidly and carried around the body to find all similar bacteria or viruses

Question 8

What are the white blood cells that produce antibodies called?

Answer 8

B-lymphocytes

Question 9

What is the role of the immune system?

Answer 9

To destroy pathogens that enter the body.

Question 10

How do the cilia in the trachea and bronchi help to defend the body?

Answer 10

They waft the mucus up to the back of the throat where it can be swallowed