File 3.0 & 3.1

Question 1

phonology

Answer 1

the study of how sounds are organized within a language and how they interact with each other

Question 2

phonetic inventories

Answer 2

the sounds that are produced as part of the language

Question 3

why do languages sound different from one another?

Answer 3

• differences in phonetic inventories
• differences in suprasegmental features

Question 4

phonotactic constraints

Answer 4

phonotactic constraints define what sound combinations are possible and what other sound combinations are not possible in a given language

Question 5

constraints concerning english syllable type

Answer 5

• english allows a word to start with up to three consonants
• two stops cannot come at the beginning of words, nor can stop plus nasal combinations (if a language has this we drop the first consonant or insert a vowel between the two consonants)

Question 6

source of foreign accents

Answer 6

• applying the phonotactic constraints of one language while speaking another
• differences in phonetic inventories

Question 7

sound substitution

Answer 7

speakers use sounds of their native language to replace non-native sounds when pronouncing the words of a foreign language (e.g., french can’t pronounce [ð] or [θ], so it becomes [z]