Filtration, Evaporation and Crystallisation Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the term for a mixture between a liquid and an insoluble solid?
Mixture of a liquid and an insoluble solid
What is the term for a mixture where a soluble solid is dissolved in a liquid?
Solution
In a solution, what is the solid called?
Solute
In a solution, what is the liquid called?
Solvent
What process separates insoluble solids from liquids?
Filtration
What equipment is used in the filtration process?
Filter paper and filter funnel
What happens to the liquid during the filtration process?
It passes through the filter paper
What is the purpose of evaporation in separating mixtures?
To separate soluble solids from liquids
What apparatus is used for evaporation?
Evaporating dish on a tripod
What heat source is commonly used in the evaporation process?
Bunsen burner
What occurs to the solvent during evaporation?
It evaporates
What happens to the solution as the solvent evaporates?
It becomes more concentrated
What forms as the solution becomes concentrated during evaporation?
Crystals
Fill in the blank: The solid left after evaporation is called _______.
Dry crystals
What is thermal decomposition?
It is the process where some solids break down when heated.
Why might thermal decomposition not work well for some solids?
Because it may break them down into something else.
What is the primary method used for solids that are susceptible to thermal decomposition?
Crystallisation.
What is the first step in the crystallisation process?
Place the solution into an evaporating dish and heat it.
What heating method is preferred for crystallisation?
A water bath instead of a Bunsen burner.
What should be done once crystals start forming in the solution during crystallisation?
Stop heating and leave it to cool.
What happens to the solubility of solids at colder temperatures?
Solids are less soluble.
How do you separate the crystals from the remaining solution?
Using filter paper and a funnel.
What is the final step after filtering the crystals?
Dry the crystals by leaving them somewhere warm or warming them in an oven.
