FINAL 01 - Chromatography and Test Procedures

Question 1

Relationship is determined by chemical stoichiometry (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 1

Classical method

Question 2

Physical or chemical properties of the analyte, but with instrument (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 2

Instrumental method

Question 3

More suitable for analysis of major constituents (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 3

Classical method

Question 4

Used to certify analytical standards (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 4

Classical method

Question 5

Is generally cheaper; only uses buret and reagent (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 5

Classical method

Question 6

More accurate and precise (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 6

Classical method

Question 7

More robust and susceptible to environmental fluctuations (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 7

Classical method

Question 8

Ability to perform trace analysis (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 8

Instrumental method

Question 9

Most are multi-channel techniques (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 9

Instrumental method

Question 10

Shorter analysis time (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 10

Instrumental method

Question 11

Amenable to automation (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 11

Instrumental method

Question 12

Larger number of samples may be analyzed quickly (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 12

Instrumental method

Question 13

Less skill and training required (Types of analytical methods)

Answer 13

Instrumental method

Question 14

Refers to the separation of mixtures due to differences in equilibrium distribution affecting the rate which components of a mixture are carried through a stationary phase by a mobile phase

Answer 14

Chromatography

Question 15

Phase that is fixed in place either in a column or on planar surfaces (Phases of chromagraphy)

Answer 15

Stationary phase

Question 16

Phase that moves over or through the stationary phase carrying with it the analyte mixture maybe a gas, a liquid, or a superficial fluid (Phases of chromatography)

Answer 16

Mobile phase

Question 17

SP: Liquid solvent system, MP: Adsorbed water on the surface of the paper, Examples: Paper, HPLC (General types of chromatography)

Answer 17

Liquid-liquid chromatography

Question 18

SP: Adsorbent material (silica gel), MP: Liquid solvent system, Examples: Column, TLC (General types of chromatography)

Answer 18

Liquid-solid chromatography

Question 19

SP: Gas, MP: High boiling point liquid, Example: Inert gas (General types of chromatography)

Answer 19

Gas-liquid chromatography

Question 20

Common technique used in synthetic chemistry for identifying compounds, determining their purity, and following the progress of a reaction (Types of chromatography)

Answer 20

Thin layer chromatography (TLC)

Question 21

Stationary phase (Thin layer chromatography) (TP)

Answer 21

TLC plate, paper

Question 22

Mobile phase (Thin layer chromatography)

Answer 22

Solvent

Question 23

Solid or liquid supported on solid which stays fixed on the layer (Phases of TLC)

Answer 23

Stationary phase

Question 24

Flows through the stationary phase and carries the components of the mixture (Phases of TLC)

Answer 24

Mobile phase

Question 25

Compounds will have different affinities for the mobile and stationary phases, and this affects the speed at which it migrates (Types of chromatography)

Answer 25

Thin layer chromatography (TLC)

Question 26

↑ component absorbed onto stationary phase, ↓ time spent in mobile phase, ↓ time to migrate up in the plate (Types of chromatography)

Answer 26

Thin layer chromatography (TLC)

Question 27

↑ similarity of compound to mobile phase, ↑ time spent in mobile phase , ↑ time to migrate up in the plate (Types of chromatography)

Answer 27

Thin layer chromatography (TLC)

Question 28

The mobile phase will carry the most ___________ compounds the furthest up the TLC plate

Answer 28

Soluble

Question 29

A sheet of glass, metal, or plastic which is coated with a thin layer of a solid adsorbent (Components of TLC)

Answer 29

TLC plates

Question 30

This maintains a stable environment inside for proper development of spots, prevents the evaporation of solvents, and keeps the process dust-free (Components of TLC)

Answer 30

TLC chamber

Question 31

This comprises of a solvent or solvent mixture (Components of TLC)

Answer 31

Mobile phase

Question 32

Helps develop a uniform rise in mobile phase over the length of the stationary phase (Components of TLC)

Answer 32

Thin layer chromatography (TLC)

Question 33

Being a ____________ technique, TLC is used more for rapid qualitative measurements than for quantitative purposes

Answer 33

Semi-quantitative

Question 34

The sample is applied as a concentrated spot with small dimension (Steps in TLC)

Answer 34

Step 1 (Sample loading/application)

Question 35

Solvent rises by capillary action up through the adsorbent and partitioning occurs (Steps in TLC)

Answer 35

Step 2 (Development of chromatogram)

Question 36

Refers to the pattern formed by substances that have been separated by chromatography

Answer 36

Chromatogram

Question 37

Visualization techniques are applied (Steps in TLC)

Answer 37

Step 3 (Visualization)

Question 38

Destructive; leaves charred blots behind (Examples of TLC visualization techniques)

Answer 38

Sulfuric acid/heat

Question 39

Destructive; leaves dark blue blot behind for polar compound (Examples of TLC visualization techniques)

Answer 39

Ceric stain

Question 40

Semi-destructive; iodine absorbs onto the spots, not permanent (Examples of TLC visualization techniques)

Answer 40

Iodine

Question 41

Non-destructive; short wavelength (background-green, spots-dark), long wavelength (plates-dark, compounds-glow) (Examples of TLC visualization techniques)

Answer 41

UV light

Question 42

Documentation and evaluation is performed (Steps in TLC)

Answer 42

Step 4 (Documentation and evaluation)