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PH 110 - Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Organic Chemistry (Lec) > FINAL 02 - Adrenergic Drugs > Flashcards

FINAL 02 - Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Neurotransmitter released by SNS and binds to smooth and cardiac muscles

A

Noradrenaline (Norepinephrine)

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2
Q

Hormone released by the adrenal medulla that circulates in the blood supply

A

Adrenaline

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3
Q

Hormone released during a fight or flight response

A

Adrenaline

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4
Q

Contracts smooth muscle (Type of receptor)

A

α Receptor

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5
Q

Relaxes smooth muscles in the gut (Type of receptor)

A

α Receptor

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6
Q

Relaxes smooth muscle (Type of receptor)

A

β Receptor

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7
Q

Contraction of cardiac muscle (Type of receptor)

A

β1 receptor

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8
Q

2 catecholamines used as endogenous agonists (AN)

A

Adrenaline, Noradrenaline

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9
Q

DOC for anaphylactic shock (General adrenergic agonists)

A

Adrenaline

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10
Q

Used as a vasodilator, vasopressor, and stimulant (General adrenergic agonists)

A

Ephedrine

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11
Q

Used as a nasal decongestant (General adrenergic agonists)

A

Pseudoephedrine

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12
Q

A β1 agonist used for cardiogenic shock (Adrenergic agonists)

A

Dobutamine

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13
Q

An α2 agonist used for hypertensive crisis (BP of 160/100); its brand name is Catapress (Adrenergic agonists)

A

Clonidine

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14
Q

__________ and __________ is used as a nasal decongestant and for bloodshot eyes (Adrenergic agonists) (OX)

A

Oxymetazoline, Xylometazoline

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15
Q

__________ and __________ is used as a bronchodilator (General adrenergic agonists) (II)

A

Isoprenaline (Isoproterenol), Isoetharine

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16
Q

__________, such as soterenol, salbutamol (albuterol), and salmeterol, are used for asthma (Adrenergic agonists)

A

β2 agonists

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17
Q

__________ and __________ are general α1 and β blockers (Adrenergic antagonists) (CL)

A

Carvedilol, Labetalol

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18
Q

Examples of ___________ include prazosin, doxazosin, and terazosin (Adrenergic antagonists)

A

α-Blockers

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19
Q

Blockers used for benign prostatic hyperplasia; causes orthostatic hypotension (Adrenergic antagonists)

A

α-Blockers

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20
Q

An α-blocker also used as an antidepressant (Adrenergic antagonists)

A

Mirtazepine

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21
Q

__________ β-blockers are nonselective (Generations of β-blockers)

A

1st generation

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22
Q

__________ β-blockers are selective β blockers (Generations of β-blockers)

A

2nd generation

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23
Q

__________ β-blockers are β1 blockers (Generations of β-blockers)

A

3rd generation

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24
Q

Dichloroisoprenaline, pronethalol, and propranolol are examples of __________ β-blockers (Generations of β-blockers)

A

1st generation

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25
1st generation β-blocker with partial agonist activity (Adrenergic antagonists)
Dichloroisoprenaline
26
1st generation β-blocker whose off-label use is for anxiety (Adrenergic antagonists)
Propranolol
27
It is contraindicated with asthma (Generations of β-blockers)
1st generation β-blockers
28
Practolol, acebutolol, metoprolol, and betaxolol are examples of __________ β-blockers (Generations of β-blockers)
2nd generation
29
Innovator of atenolol
Tenormin
30
Epanolol, primidolol, and xamoterol are examples of ___________ β-blockers (Generations of β-blockers)
3rd generation
31
β-blockers that start with A-M are usually __________
Selective
32
β-blockers that start with N-Z are usually __________
Nonselective
33
___________ and ___________ are drugs that affect the biosynthesis of adrenergics (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission) (αα)
α-Methyltyrosine, α-Methyldopa
34
__________ is a drug that inhibit the uptake of NA into storage vesicles (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Reserpine
35
__________ and ___________ are drugs that inhibit the release of NA from storage vesicles (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission) (GB)
Guanethidine, Bretylium
36
Desipramine, imipramine, amitriptyline, reboxetine, duloxetine, venlafaxine, bupropion, methylphenidate, atomoxetine, cocaine, tyramine, amphetamine, and ephedrine are drugs that inhibit the reuptake of NA into __________ (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Presynaptic neurons
37
__________ such as phenelzine, iproniazid, tranylcypromine, and meclobemide are drugs that inhibit the metabolic enzymes (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission) (PITM)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
38
__________ is a drug that act as antagonists of the α2-adrenoceptors (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Mirtazepine
39
Inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase; used for treating tumor cells that overproduce catecholamines (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
α-Methyltyrosine
40
Used for hypertension during pregnancy; tests positive for COOMBs test (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
α-Methyldopa
41
Causes depression; used previously for hypertension (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Reserpine
42
Used previously for hypertension; is nonselective (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Guanethidine
43
A Class III antiarrhythmic drug; used to treat life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Bretylium
44
Desipramine, imipramine, and amitriptyline are used as __________; its SEs include insomnia and withdrawal symptoms
Tricyclic antidepressants
45
Parent compound of the TCA class; used as an antidepressant (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Imipramine
46
Active metabolite of imipramine; used as an antidepressant; is less sedating than amitriptyline (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Desipramine
47
Used for depression with anxiety and insomnia; can cause weight gain (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Amitriptyline
48
Works by selective NE inhibition; used as an antidepressant; its off label use is for ADHD and narcolepsy (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Reboxetine
49
An SNRI used for major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Duloxetine
50
__________ are drugs that metabolizes catecholamines
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
51
Is an SRI at low dose and SNRI at high dose; used for panic disorder (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Venlafaxine
52
An NDRI (inhibits both NE and DA); used for smoking cessation and depression (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Bupropion
53
A CNS stimulant used for ADHD (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Methylphenidate
54
A selective NRI that has no CNS stimulating effect (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Atomoxetine
55
A tropane alkaloid used as a local anesthetic; has high abuse potential (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Cocaine
56
A natural monoamine found in cheese, wine, pineapple, etc.; is contraindicated for MAOIs because it can cause hypertensive crisis (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Tyramine
57
A CNS stimulant clinically used for ADHD and sometimes obesity (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Amphetamine
58
A mixed-acting sympathomimetic drug historically used for asthma, nasal decongestion and hypotension (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Ephedrine
59
A nonselective and reversible MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitor; used as a treatment for treatment-resistant depression (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Phenelzine
60
A nonselective MAOI; an antidepressant derived from isoniazid; withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Iproniazid
61
A nonselective MAOI that is more stimulating than phenelzine (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Tranylcypromine
62
Selective and reversible MAO-A inhibitor (RIMP); used for major depression and anxiety disorder (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Meclobemide
63
A NASSA (Nonadrenergic and specific serotogenic antidepressant) that is an α2 antagonist and causes sedation and weight gain (Drugs affecting adrenergic transmission)
Mirtazepine

PH 110 - Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Organic Chemistry (Lec) (17 decks)

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