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Neuroscience 3 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Hypothalamus affarent

A 
solitary - BP
RF - skin temp
retinal path - day night input
limbic - eating reproduction
circumventricular - changes in osmo
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2
Q

Posterior hypothalamic nu contain during the day….

A

glutamatergic
histaminergic
orexin
all contribute arousal

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3
Q

left temporal pole mem

A

general impersonal facts

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4
Q

right temporal pole

A

emotion socially relevat

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5
Q

amygdala connections

A 
olfactory
hypoT brainstem
MD
limbic
Hippocampla formation
septal nu basal forbrain
med orbitofrontal
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6
Q

amygdala connection with olfactory

A

appatite

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7
Q

amygdala connection with hypoT brainstem

A

breathing

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8
Q

amygdala connection with MD

A

fear reflex

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9
Q

amygdala connection with limbic

A

neuroendocrinological

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10
Q

amygdala connection with hippocampal formation

A

emotion and mem

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11
Q

amygdala connection with septal nu and basal forebrain

A

processing rewarding

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12
Q

amygdala connection with Medial orbitofrontal

A

decision making

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13
Q

cingulate anterior vs posterior

A

ant - emotion

post - autobiographical

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14
Q

steps of regen

A

Wallerian degeneration – everything after injury dies

Macrophages begin to clear debris AND Schwann cells become phagocytic and engulf degenerating axon and myelin

Central end of axon sprouts into endoneurial sheaths left behind by degenerated axon
Schwann cells proliferate as axon regrows

Production of new myelin
Guide axonal regrowth

Axon re-establishes postsynaptic target

Axon diameter increases, more myelin created with time

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15
Q

neuroplastic mech

A

chem
structural - more receptors
functional - sensory to motor

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16
Q

3 routes taken by the ANS

A
  1. white communicating rami to immediate which do LE skin BV
  2. white communicating rami to above or below - LE skin, BV
  3. continue through without synapsing - go to organs
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17
Q

parasympathetic nu

A

EW - ciliary muscles for pupil
sup and inf salivary - salivary and lacrimal
nu ambiguous- BP heart muscles
dorsal motor nu - heart, and vasodilation in gut

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18
Q

exceptions to dual innervation ANS

A

sweat
pili
BV
adrenal medulla

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19
Q

central mod ANS insula

A

primary visceral sensory area

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20
Q

central mod ANS medial prefrontal cortex

A

visceral motor

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21
Q

central mod ANS hypoT

A

BF, energy, reproductive, and coordinates responses to threatening conditions

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22
Q

central mod ANS hippocampal formation and amygdala

A

mem and emotion

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23
Q

hippocampal formation made of

A

hippocampus
dentate
subiculum

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24
Q

language areas of brain

A

frontal lobes - syntax
supramarginal gyrus and angular gyrus - lexicon writing
visal cortex

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25
neglect injury
``` R temporoparietal jx posterior parietal lesion dorsolateral frontal cingulate gyrus thalamic putamen ```
26
apraxia types
ideomotor | ideamotor
27
apraxia hemisphere
left
28
prefrontal cortex dorsolateral orbitofrontal ventromedial
dorso - switching attention working mem orbito frontal - decision making ventromedial prefrontal - emotional processing
29
Flexor and extensor synergy
``` Flexor synergy (UE): scapula retraction and elevation, shoulder abduction and ER, elbow flexion, supination, wrist and finger flexion ` Extensor synergy (LE): hip extension, adduction, and IR, knee extension, ankle PF and inversion, toe PF ```
30
posturing
Decorticate: UE flexion, LE extension/IR/PF – pointing up Brainstem lesions above red nucleus Decerebrate: UE and LE extension – pointing down Brainstem lesions below red nucleus
31
choreiform
Involuntary, rapid, irregular and jerky movements | Seen with Huntington’s Disease; side effect of PD medications
32
athetosis
Slow, writing and twisting movements UE>LE Common in Cerebral Palsy
33
Somatotopic cerebellum
anterior lobe top is legs bottom is head | posterior lobe top is head bottom is legs
34
somatotropic basis pedunculi
medial is face - arm lateral is legs
35
somatotropic insula
rostral arm caudal legs
36
nociceptive pain
normal injury
37
neuropathic pain
follow dermatome | can be caused by medical condition
38
CS pain
does not follow dermatomes | no medical reason
39
dysesthesia
unpleasant abnormal sensation
40
allodynia
evoked by stim
41
hyperalgesia
excessively sensitive
42
9 places that respond to pain
``` Pre motor/motor Cingulate gyrus Prefrontal cortex Amygdala Sensory cortex Hypoothalamus/thalamus Cerebellum Hippocampus Spinal cord ```
43
brain smudging
Ultimately the increased sensitivity and decreased precision contribute to complexity of chronic pain
44
schwann for myelin
multiple to make one
45
arachnoid mater
CSF circulation | shear forces
46
pia mater
prod of CSF | increase BBB
47
where can the BBB not be found
Post pituitary gland, pineal gland, portion of hypothalamus
48
mesencephalic trigem
proprioception of jaw
49
spinal trigem
pain temp crude touch
50
principle sensory
light touch propio of face and dental pressure
51
CN 10 autonomic
organs
52
CN 10 visceral
aortic arch
53
Lat and anterior corticospinal start where
priMC preMC SMC
54
make up the striatum
patumen caudate
55
what are the projections going out of the cortex called that go through the internal capsule to the straitum
corticostriatal path
56
injury to spacicity
TBI
57
dystonia injury
Dmg to basal gang
58
parito-occipital association special sense
motion spatial relation
59
occipitotemporal association
colors faces letters
60
FEF eye mvmt
saccades
61
parieto-occipito-temporal cortex eye mvmt
smooth pursuit
62
Lateral nu vestibular
cerebellum → lateral vestibulospinal → extensors of trunk and legs
63
medial nu vestibular
- MLF → extensors of neck and head
64
superior nu vestibular
MLF → OM nu
65
inferior nu vestibular
cerebellar OM nu, and reticular formation
66
PIVC vestibular integration
cerebellum and vestibular input
67
Medial superior temporal region vestibular integration
self motion preception | visiovestibular
68
ventral intraparietal vestibular integration
proprioception, auditory, visual, tactile, vestibular
69
asomatognosia
they don't recognize that it is theirs but they can see it
70
anosognosia
they think they are completely fine
71
neuropraxia
local myelin dmg
72
axonotmesis
bounce back dmg to nerve cell layer
73
neurotmesis
complete transection

Neuroscience 3 (4 decks)

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