Final Flashcards
1
Q
What is the elevation of the eastern boreal?
A
222.5m ASL
2
Q
The eastern boreal is comprised of mainly sedimentary rock
True or False
A
False - it is still on the canadian shild
Rock is hard, acidic, and nutrient poor
3
Q
Baslam fir is more common in:
A) western boreal
B) eastern boreal
c) Found in both areas
d) not found in either
A
B) eastern boreal as there is more moisture (precipitation and lakes due to clay)
4
Q
Muskegs are common in the eastern boreal
True or False
A
False - no muskeg due to the warmer weather
5
Q
Which of the following is not often found in fens:
A) sphagnum moss
B) bog beans
C) cotton grass
d) dune grass
A
d) dune grass
6
Q
sedges that form their habit are known as _______
A
sedge meadows
7
Q
What are the two species of marshes in Ontario?
A
broad-leaved cattail (native
narrow-leaved cattail (non-native) - sex characteristics do not meet
8
Q
Marshes are not important habits for which of the following:
A) filter feeders
b) ducks
c) dragonflies
d) frogs
e) moose
f) deer
A
f) deer - prefer open areas for feeding
9
Q
What adaptions do rails (ducks) have for living in the marsh?
A
They have long toes and compressed lateral bodies adapted for walking about moving about in a marsh
10
Q
What is the major difference between virgina rails and american coot rails?
A
Virginia rails stay near the waters edge plucking things out of marshes
American coot’s are diving ducks that say in the water - webbed toes for swimming but they close for getting through thick vegetation
11
Q
American coots and pied-billed grebes both have lobed feet as an adaption for living in the marsh. This is an example of:
A) symmetrical evolution
B) Niche partitioning
C) convergent evolution
D) None of the above
A
C) convergent evolution - 2 different animals with the same adaption but are not related to each other
12
Q
Aquatic snails and plants can be found in the marsh due to the high level of:
A) sodium
B) calcium
C) phosphorus
D) iron
A
B) calcium (produced by the clay)
13
Q
The clay belt support many plants that like:
A) basic pH soils
B) acidic pH soils
A
A) basic pH soils (such as those atop limestone)
14
Q
Showy lady’s slipper reaches their northern limit in the the cedar swaps due to the high levels of:
A) sodium
B) calcium
C) phosphorus
D) Iron
A
B) calcium
15
Q
North of the height of land drains into what body of water?
A
Hudson bay (Arctic watershed)
16
Q
South of the height of land drains into what body of water?
A
Great lakes (antarctic watershed)
17
Q
The rivers flowing through the clay belt drain into the:
A) arctic watershed
B) antarctic watershed
A
A) arctic watershed - north of the height of land
18
Q
A lake has an unusual event that occurs each spring and fall. It is called:
A) a countercurrent flow B) a turnover C) a thermocline D) all of the above E) none of the above
A
B) a turnover
19
Q
The Petawawa River is interesting because:
A) many caliciphilic plants grow on its shores
B) it flows through a geological fault line
C) it has connectivity to the Ottawa River
D) fish such as Walleye and Muskellunge live in the river
E) all of the above
A
E) all of the above
20
Q
The thermocline is the part of a lake that remains a constant 4 degrees C all year long.
A) True
B) False
A
B) False
21
Q
Which of these statements concerning Algonquin Park are NOT true:
A) relict populations of Arctic Sculpin are found in Cedar Lake
B) Public Wolf Howls are held each year in August
C) due to connectivity to the Ottawa River, the Petawawa River has Walleye & Wood Turtles
D) the west side receives more precipitation that the east side does
E) it is a World Biosphere Reserve
A
E) it is a World Biosphere Reserve
22
Q
The Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Forest Region is the only Forest Region that is situated on two Physiographic Regions.
A) True
B) False
A
A) True
23
Q
Through three major studies, the main prey of wolves in Algonquin Park was found to be Snowshoe Hares.
A) True
B) False
A
B) False
Deer, moose, and beaver are the main prey
24
Q
Northern Saw-whet Owls nest in tree cavities, especially those made by Pileated Woodpeckers.
A) True
B) False
A
A) True
25
Which of these statements is NOT true:
A) The Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Ecological Region has a much greater biodiversity than the Boreal Forest Ecological Region
B) White Pine and Red Pine are both common components of the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Forest Region
C) Butterwort is found in Lake Superior Provincial Park
D) The Western or Prairie portion of the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Forest Region has a lot of coniferous forest still present, especially Jack Pine
E) Yellow Birch is a hardwood forest tree that often starts growing on rotting logs
D) The Western or Prairie portion of the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Forest Region has a lot of coniferous forest still present, especially Jack Pine
26
Which of these species would you not expect to find in eastern Algonquin Park:
```
A) Red Crossbill
B) Pine Warbler
C) Wood Turtle
D) Cardinal-flower
E) you would expect to find all of these species in eastern Algonquin Park
```
E) you would expect to find all of these species in eastern Algonquin Park
27
Which of these tree - animal associations is NOT correct:
```
A) White Pine - Red Crossbill
B) Sugar Maple bark - Moose
C) Eastern Hemlock - Yellow-bellied Sapsucker
D) Trembling Aspen - Beaver
E) Black Spruce - Spruce Grouse
```
B) Sugar Maple bark - Moose
28
A river flowing from glacial Lake Algonquin was responsible for this:
A) huge cliffs on the Barron River
B) large deposits of sand at Lake Travers and Radiant Lake
C) peatlands in western Algonquin Park (such as those at the Spruce Bog Boardwalk Trail)
D) vast beds of clay in the Clay Belt
E) all of the above
B) large deposits of sand at Lake Travers and Radiant Lake
29
This is not a feature of Cattail marshes:
A) periodic episodes of flooding and drawdown
B) dominance by Shagnum Moss
C) the presence of floating plants such as duckweed
D) Marsh Fern growing on the cattail mat
E) the presence of Muskrats, Marsh Wrens, and American Bitterns
B) dominance by Shagnum Moss
30
You discover a coniferous tree and think it is a Red Pine because it has:
```
A) long needles in clusters of five
B) short needles in clusters of two
C) short, flat, single needles
D) long, flat, single needles
E) long needles in clusters of two
```
E) long needles in clusters of two
31
Which of these statements concerning the Frontenac Arch is not true:
A) the presence of sedimentary limestone adds biodiversity to this region
B) the Thousand Islands are part of the Frontenac Arch that link it to the Adirondacks in the USA.
C) Deerberry and Pitch Pine are two of the special species of the Arch that are found along the St. Lawrence River
D) it is the warmest part of the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Ecological Region on the Canadian Shield
E) it is a World Biosphere Reserve
A) the presence of sedimentary limestone adds biodiversity to this region
32
Which of these species would you NOT expect to find in the Frontenac Axis:
```
A) Five-lined Skink
B) Shagbark Hickory
C) Cerulean Warbler
D) Spruce Grouse
E) Gray Rat Snake
```
D) Spruce Grouse
33
The wolves that live in Algonquin Park are a small race of Gray Wolf.
A)True
B) False
B) False
34
Which of these species would you not expect to find near Lake of the Woods or Rainy River):
```
A) American White Pelican
B) Badger
C) Pitch Pine
D) White-tailed Jackrabbit
E) Franklin's Ground Squirrel
```
C) Pitch Pine
35
In the Algonquin Highlands, Eastern Hemlock prefer to grow on warm, south-facing hillsides.
A) True
B) False
B) False - north facing hillsides
36
This wildflower is found in the Boreal Forest primarily in the Clay Belt region.
```
A) Sparrow's-egg Lady's-slipper
B) Pink Lady's-slipper
C) Clay-coloured Lady's-slipper
D) Showy Lady's-slipper
E) none of the above
```
D) Showy Lady's-slipper
37
Which of these animals reaches its southern range limits in Algonquin Park:
```
A) Boreal Chickadee
B) Snowshoe Hare
C) Red Squirrel
D) Beaver
E) All of the above reach their southern range limits in Algonquin
```
A) Boreal Chickadee
38
The mean annual temperature of GL-SL forest region is:
A) -6 to -1
B) -3 to +3
C) +1 to +6
D) none of the above
C) +1 to +6
39
If you came across a tree with clusters of 5 needed and long sweeping branches you would be looking at:
A) Red pine
B) White pine
C) jack pine
D) Balsam fir
B) White pine
40
If you came across a tree with clusters of 2 short needles you would be looking at:
A) Red pine
B) White pine
C) jack pine
D) Balsam fir
C) jack pine
41
Which of the following animal does not reach its southern range limits in GL-SL forest region?
```
A) moose
B) five-linked skinks
C) spruce grouse
D) Gray hay
E) Great gray owl
```
B) five-linked skinks
They reach their northern limits
42
How old are the rocks found in Algonquin park?
A) less than 1 million
B) 1-2 million
C) 2-3 million
D) 1-2 billion
D) 1-2 billion
43
Why does Algonquin park have such high elevations?
It lies atop a batholith (geological igneous formation) = >100km2
44
Elevations of the west side of algonquin park are higher than the east side
True or False
True
West is 600m ASL whereas east is ~200m ASL
45
In alongquin water flows
```
A) North
B) East
C) South
D) West
E) All of the above
```
E) All of the above - it is atop a dome
46
Which side of alongquin is covered by colourful hardwood forest ?
East or west
West - The east is covered mainly by pine forest that stays green all year long
47
Which of the following is NOT a reason that the east and west alonguin park differ?
A) western hill recievd more glacial till deists holding more water for hardwood trees
B) The east side received more sand for pine and coniferous trees
C) The fossil outlet drained through the east depositing a lot of sand
D) east side is warmer and drier due to the 'rain shadow' effect
E) the east and west are atop different physiographical regions
E) the east and west are atop different physiographical regions
48
Sugar maples are dominant trees in which side of algonquin?
east or west
West - they are shade tolerant hardwood trees
49
American beeches grow on south-facing slopes because there is more sun and it is warmer
true or false
True
50
Young american beeches keep their leaves
True or False
True - they may be toxic (aposematic warning) or may be hiding their buds)
51
Black bear marks are commonly found on:
A) sugar maples
B) American beeches
C) Jack pines
B) American beeches - to get their nuts up high
52
Which type of trees do moose prefer?
A) sugar maples
B) Americans beeches
C) striped maple
D) red pine
C) striped maple aka 'moose maple'
53
Hobblebush is known as natures toilet paper. Why?
It has durable leaves - it is a shrub
54
The most common shrub in western algonquin is the
A) hobblebush
B) beaked hazel
C) striped maple
D) American beech
B) beaked hazel
55
Which two ways does the canopy control the life on the first floor?
Shade - plants adapt by having larger leaves to gather more light or bloom early (spring ephemeral) to capture light before leaves open up
Leaf mat - leaves are compressed and it is difficult for plants to grow through
56
How do springtails help plants grow?
They decompose the leaf mat
57
elaisomes on red trilliums:
A) Attract ants
B) have a strong scent
C) Are the sexual plant characteristics
D) have a poisonous residue
A) Attract ants - so the ants will transport their seeds underground
58
Which of the following does not commonly use a nurse log?
A) Maple trees
B) yellow birch
C) eastern hemlocks
D) none of the above
A) Maple trees - they have wings that help seeds get under the leaf mat and thus don't rely on nurse logs like the other two
59
Which of the following spring ephemeral is NOT common in western algonquin?
```
A) yellow trout lilly
B) hepatica
C) red trillium
D) dutchman's breeches
E) white trillium
```
E) white trillium - not found in Algonquin due to the acidic rock type
60
What does polypore on a tree indicate?
The tree is aging - they help decompose the wood by digesting cellulose
61
The following animal suspends their eggs inside rotting logs:
A) red-backed salamander
B) Brown creepers
C) white breasted nuthatch
D) squirrels
A) red-backed salamander
62
Which of the following would not be commonly found near eastern hemlocks?
```
A) black-throated green warblers
B) blackburnian warblers
C) golden-crowned kinglet
D) moose
E) yellow-belly sap sucker
```
D) moose
62
When will you commonly see shorebirds (sandpipers and plovers) in the eastern side of algonquin park?
During cold fronts and heavy rainfall
63
Otters and minks demonstrate convergent evolution for water adaptions
True or False
False
Otters spend more time in the water and thus have longer bodies, shorter arms, fully fused tails, and small ears
64
Which of the following is likely not to be found in the Barron canyon?
```
A) Fragile gern
B) fragrant fern
C) poison ivy
D) basswood
e) puprose-gringed orchid
D) purple lady's slipper
```
D) purple lady's slipper - not calcaphilic plant
65
Barn swallows are found less commonly in eastern algonquin due to:
```
A) increased temperature
B) lack of overhang to nest
C) Increased predators
D) lack of wind insects
E) more than one option is correct
```
E) more than one option is correct
lack of wind insects - these are their food
Increased predators - peregrine falcons
66
This bird wags their tails up and down and places moss on the outside of their nest for camouflage:
A) barn swallow
B) eastern pheobe
C) peregrine falcon
D) Macon's arcWhat
B) eastern pheobe
67
Which of the following is not a reason for the increase in deer population
A) logging and fires
B) pioneer species provided better food
C) extermination of wolves
D) they brought them here
D) they brought them here
68
Rendezvous sites are:
A) where deer graze
B) where animals all meet at a water hole
C) where wolf pups are raised
D) where researchers meet before tracking animals
C) where wolf pups are raised
69
Point Pelee is famous for:
```
A) fall butterfly migration
B) being the southernmost point in mainland Canada
C) spring bird migration
D) Prickly Pear Cactus
E) all of the above
```
E) all of the above
70
Walpole Island still has some remnant Tallgrass Prairie, one of the rarest habitats in Canada.
True or False
True
71
What statement about urbanization is not true:
A) bird hawks (accipiters) are often attracted to bird feeders in winter because of the concentrations of birds
B) Northern Cardinals spread north primarily because of bird feeders
C) Urban bird feeders have significantly changed the migration patterns of many songbirds.
D) non-native species often inhabit cities.
E) Cavity adopting birds often live in bird houses in urban centres.
C) Urban bird feeders have significantly changed the migration patterns of many songbirds.
72
Which of these is NOT true concerning the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Forest Ecological Region
A) The presence of Black Spruce, Moose, and Balsam Fir tells you that you are not in the Great Lake Lakes - St. Lawrence Forest Region but are in the Boreal Forest Ecoregion
B) many plants and animals reach either their northern or southern range limits in the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Forest Region
C) It is the only Forest (Ecoregion) that lies on two Physiographic Regions
D) White Pine and Red Pine are both common components of the forest
E) The Bruce Peninsula is located on the Great Lakes Lowland physiographic region
A) The presence of Black Spruce, Moose, and Balsam Fir tells you that you are not in the Great Lake Lakes - St. Lawrence Forest Region but are in the Boreal Forest Ecoregion
73
If you wanted to see a Hackberry Butterfly you would visit:
A) Walpole Island
B) Belleville
C) the Bruce Peninsula
D) Ottawa
E) Point Pelee National Park
E) Point Pelee National Park - only in the Carolinian
74
Which of these is NOT a feature of the Carolinian Forest Region:
A) It has the longest growing season in Ontario
B) Many species reach their western range limits here
C) Pelee Island is home to the only Canadian populations of Fox Squirrels and Blue Racers
D) Sand spits in Lake Erie are important places for bird migration
E) Vines are prevalent
B) Many species reach their western range limits here - they reach their northern range limits
75
Urbanization has NOT benefited this animal:
```
A) European Starling
B) American Robin
C) Gray Squirrel
D) Rock Pigeon
E) Scarlet Tanager
```
E) Scarlet Tanager
76
One of the greatest causes of bird mortality in Ontario is death by flying into windows.
True or False
True
77
Which of these statements concerning the Carolinian Forest is NOT true:
A) Much of the Carolinian Zone consists of exposed sedimentary limestone (alvar) or very thin soil on top of it
B) Prothonotary Warblers are an endangered species that nests in tree cavities in woodland sloughs.
C) Ridge and trough physiography is prevalent in Lake Erie sand spits.
D) Several species of Endangered herps found here are also found in Georgian Bay and/or the Bruce Peninsula where they are not considered to be Endangered.
E) More than 100 species of trees are found here.
A) Much of the Carolinian Zone consists of exposed sedimentary limestone (alvar) or very thin soil on top of it
78
You would look for a Northern Pine Barrens Tiger Beetle in this Provincial Park:
```
A) Rondeau
B) Long Point
C) Presqu'ile
D) Pinery
E) None of the these. This Endangered beetle is only found on Pelee Island.
```
D) Pinery
79
Which of these statements concerning Lyme Disease is NOT true:
a) It is a type of fungus that infects the respiratory tract
B) Initially only known to exist near Long Point, ticks carrying the disease have spread into other parts of Ontario including Prince Edward County and recently even Ottawa.
C) It is transmitted by Black-legged Ticks
D) Long Point was one of the first regions in Ontario (and Canada) for the disease to appear.
E) Deer are one of the main carriers of the disease
a) It is a type of fungus that infects the respiratory tract
80
Which of these is NOT a Great Lakes Endemic:
```
A) Pitcher's Thistle
B) Lakeside Daisy
C) Small White Lady's-slipper
D) Dwarf Lake Iris
E) Hill's Thistle
```
C) Small White Lady's-slipper
81
The Bruce Peninsula is known as "The Garden of North America" because it has an incredibly rich diversity of ferns, orchids, and other plants.
True or False
True
82
Pannes are:
A) very useful to put beside the beds of older people
B) rare plants found only on the Bruce Peninsula (Great Lakes endemics)
C) special geological formations found in the Niagara Escarpment
D) areas of flat, exposed limestone
E) interdunal wetlands
E) interdunal wetlands
83
Presqu'ile Provincial Park is this type of physiographic feature:
```
A) alvar
B) tombolo
C) escarpment
D) basalt island
E) none of the above
```
B) tombolo
84
Which statement is true concerning Piping Plovers:
A) they are an Endangered Species
B) in Ontario they nest only on sand beaches along Great Lake shorelines
C) when found, a nest is enclosed by a wire cage to keep out predators
D) nest sites are closed to public access (rope barriers are erected around the nest site)
E) all of the above are true statements
E) all of the above are true statements
85
Many of the species growing in fallow fields in the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Lowland physiographic region are not native
True or False
True
86
Bogbean Moth caterpillars, Gray Birch, and Spotted Turtles are found here:
A) cliffs in the Niagara Escarpment
B) fens in the Ottawa-St. Lawrence Lowland physiographic region
C) Oak Savannahs in the Carolinian Forest Region
D) altars in the Bruce Peninsula
E) Woodland Sloughs in Lake Erie sand spits
B) fens in the Ottawa-St. Lawrence Lowland physiographic region
87
Which of these species, historically found only in extreme southern Ontario, has become well established in the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Region because of introductions.
a) European Starling
b) Rock Pigeon
c) Wild Turkey
d) House Sparrow
e) all of the above
c) Wild Turkey
88
Suet at bird feeders attracts this type of bird:
a) accipiters
b) insect grub eaters
c) flying insect eaters
d) seed eaters
e) Non-native species
b) insect grub eaters
89
Lentic vs lotic systems
Lentic - water moves slowly (lakes, ponds)
Lotic - visible faster flowing water (rivers, streams)
90
Describe stratification
Layers form in the lake identified by oxygen levels and temperature
Epilimnion (upper)
Thermocline (middle) - water temp drastically changes
Hypolimnion (bottom)
91
When the water becomes uniformly 4 degC the nutrients are brought to the surface and oxygen is brough down to the bottom, known as a:
A) thermocline
B) Hypolimnion
C) Turnover
D) Water exchange
C) Turnover
Occurs in spring and fall
92
Which of the following is NOT a UNESCO designated ecological region?
```
A) Georgian bay biosphere
B) Frontenac Axis
C) Niagara Escarpment
D) Long Point
E) Point Pelee
F) All of these are UNESCO sites
```
E) Point Pelee
93
The Frontenac Axis is composed of mainly sedimentary rock
True or False
False - on the Canadian shield rock is acidic / gneiss rock
94
If you came across pitch pine, prickly ash, shagbark hickory and deerberry you would most likely be:
A) Frontenac axis
B) Boreal forest
C) Carolinian forest
D) Niagara escarpment
A) Frontenac axis
95
The largest population of cerulean warblers is located in:
A) The western boreal forest
B) Point pelee
C) frontenac axis
D) Bruce Peninsula
C) frontenac axis
96
Why does the frontenac axis contain more carolinian species than any other part of the GL-SL regions on the shield?
Warmest (most south)
Lower elevation that other parts
Slight lake effect due to SL and lake Ontario
97
Which plant would you most likely find growing on marble belts?
A) White trillium
B) Poison Ivy
C) maidenhair spleenwort
D) All of the above
D) All of the above - they are calcaphilic plants due to the belts being metamophasized limestone
98
You are walking in the forest and you see white pine, sugar maple, and yellow birch - where are you?
A) Boreal forest
B) Great lakes - St. Lawrence forest
B) Great lakes - St. Lawrence forest
99
The western prairie GL-SL region has deposits left behind by which glacial water?
A) Lake Iroquois
B) Lake Agassiz
C) Tyrell sea
D) Lake Whittlesey
B) Lake Agassiz
100
Which types of trees are found in the western GL-SL region that is not found in the boreal?
White and red pines
| Hills oak
101
What do groundhogs, franklins's ground squirrels, and badgers have in common?
They are fossorial animals - they dig
| They are often found in western GL-SL region
102
The largest nesting colony of Franklin's gulls in NA occurs in:
A) Point Pelee
B) Lake of the woods
C) Long point
D) Owen point
B) Lake of the woods
103
Which of the following species would NOT likely be found in the Ottawa-SL lowland?
```
A) Muskrats
B) Common yellowthroat
C) Dot-railed white face
D) Snapping turtle
E) least bittern
F) Great egret
G) None of the above - they are all found there
```
G) None of the above - they are all found there
104
What is unique about the black-crowned heron?
A) It has a shape of a black crown
B) It is nocturnal
C) It has an all black top half
D) It has a larger wingspan
B) It is nocturnal
105
Which of the following is a plant in the submergent layer of a marsh?
A) cattails
B) duckweed
C) Greater bladderwort
E) None of the above
C) Greater bladderwort
106
Moving through a swamp you would most likely NOT see:
```
A) Eastern white cedar
B) Black ash
C) Yellow lady's slipper
D) Red pine
E) Wood frogs
```
D) Red pine
The other trees are water-adapted
107
Describe the most common locations of the following plants:
```
Sparrow's egg lady slipper
Pink lady slipper
Ram's head lady slipper
Small white lady slipper
Showy's lady slipper
```
Sparrow's egg lady slipper - hudson bay lowland
Pink lady slipper - western boreal
Ram's head lady slipper - alvars of GL-SL lowlands
Small white lady slipper - carolinian
Showy's lady slipper - eastern boreal
108
The Ottawa-SL lowland region has deposits left behind by which glacial water?
A) Lake Iroquois
B) Lake Agassiz
C) Champlain sea
D) Tyrell Sea
C) Champlain sea
109
Which of the following is NOT a problem caused by forest fragmentation?
```
A) Small remaining habitat
B) Lack of recruitment
C) Increased risk of fire
D) Increased brood parasitism
E) Increased predation
```
C) Increased risk of fire
110
Which following species have thrived in the conversion from forest to fields?
```
A) cows
B) white-tailed deer
C) American crows
D) Upland sandpiper
E) All of the above
```
E) All of the above
111
Which of the following of owls are least commonly spotted in fallow fields in the Ottawa-SL lowlands?
A) Snowy owls
B) Great grey owls
B) Great grey owls - only occur during irruptions when there is a lack of food up north
112
Which of the following is NOT a reason why meadow vole populations are so successful?
A) They have 3-4 litters per year
B) They give birth ~20 days after conception
C) They have a lack of predators
C) They have a lack of predators
113
Which of the following is NOT a characteristics of fallow field plants?
```
A) highly disected wide leaves
B) Shade intolerance
C) Leaves are handled 45 deg for sun
D) Wind/animal dispersed seeds
E) non-native
```
A) highly disected wide leaves
They have narrow leaves as they have no sun cover
113
Limestone pavement covered by very thin soil is called a:
A) Fen
B) Alvar
C) Clay belt
D) bedrock
B) Alvar
114
Which of the following species grow in alvars?
A) Fringed gentian
B) Ram's head lady slipper
C) Eastern red cedars
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
115
Which of the following is NOT associated with eastern red cedars?
A) Alvars
B) Juniper hairstreak butterflies
C) Prairie buttercup
D) Loggerhead shrike
C) Prairie buttercup
116
The habitat in Rice Lake Plains is predominately:
A) Deciduous forest
B) Agricultural fields
C) Tallgrass praire
D) Coniferous forest
C) Tallgrass praire
117
What is the the difference between tall grass prairie and oak savanah?
tall grass prairie - no tree cover
| Oak savannah - 10-35% tree cover
118
Flora and Fauna are more abundant in the GL - SL lowlands than the Ottawa- SL regions
True or False
True - it is warmer and is surrounded by great lakes
119
Walking in the Rice Lake Plains you are NOT likely to to see which species:
```
A) Prairie buttercup
B) Lupines
C) European hares
D) Black oaks
E) White oaks
F) All of the above
```
F) All of the above
120
What is a pannes?
Internal wetland
Good breeding areas for amphibians
