FINAL

Question 1

brain dev: prefrontal cortex

Answer 1

planning, organizing new tasks, maintaining attention to tasks

Question 2

brain dev: executive functioning

Answer 2

impulse control, emotional control, flexible thinking, working memory, self-monitoring, planning and prioritizing, task initiation and organization

Question 3

decentration

Answer 3

gradual progression of a child way from egocentrism toward a reality shared w others

Question 4

reversibility

Answer 4

the child learns some things that have changed can be returned to original state

Question 5

seriation

Answer 5

mental skills kids learn in early childhood

ex: ordering things from thin to big or short to tall

Question 6

food desert

Answer 6

area where it’s difficult to afford good quality and fresh foods

Question 7

food swamps

Answer 7

area w 4 or more stores every quarter mile or where the ratio of unhealthy to healthy food is 2:3

Question 8

play dev: solitary

Answer 8

2-3 yrs, play w toys but not each other

Question 9

play dev: onlooker

Answer 9

3-4 yrs, observe others while they play

Question 10

play dev: parallel

Answer 10

4-5 yrs, play next to each other but don’t interact

Question 11

play dev: associative

Answer 11

5-6 yrs, share materials but don’t coordinate activity

Question 12

play dev: cooperative

Answer 12

6-7 yrs, engage in a single activity together

Question 13

the case of david reimer

Answer 13

sex was assigned male but was raises as a girl. he identifies as a boy/man despite being raised otherwise

Question 14

cisgender

Answer 14

sense of gender matches biological sex

Question 15

transgender

Answer 15

sense of gender doesn’t match biological sex

Question 16

kohlberg’s cog-dev theory: gender identity

Answer 16

2 yrs; “I am a boy”

Question 17

kohlberg’s cog-dev theory: gender stability

Answer 17

3-4 yrs; “I will still be a boy when i grow up”

Question 18

kohlberg’s cog-dev theory: gender constancy

Answer 18

5-6 yrs; i will still be a boy even if i play with girl toys and have long hair

Question 19

gender schema theory

Answer 19

after identifying as a specific gender, kids selectively attend to and remember own-gender relevant info to shape their own behaviors

Question 20

traditional schooling - teacher centered

Answer 20

teachers structure learning, formal lessons

Question 21

child-centered schooling

Answer 21

learn through play / interaction w materials

Question 22

positive discipline

Answer 22

uses transgressions to teach, reduce opportunities, provide reason to the rules, family duties and routines

Question 23

authoritative parenting

Answer 23

warm and control

Question 24

authoritarian parenting

Answer 24

cold and contol

Question 25

permissive/indulgent parenting

Answer 25

warm and lax

Question 26

rejecting/neglectful parenting

Answer 26

cold and lax

Question 27

impact of parenting styles on children

Answer 27

affects personality, delinquency, mental health issues, relationship skills

Question 28

coregulation

Answer 28

warm and responsive interaction that provide support and model how to regulate their minds and emotions

Question 29

co-rumination

Answer 29

talking excessively ab problems: rehashing, speculating, dwelling, etc

Question 30

relational aggression

Answer 30

harm among social relationships caused by hidden bullying or manipulation

Question 31

crowd

Answer 31

large group of people gathered in a disorganized way

Question 32

clique

Answer 32

group of people w shared interests and don't readily let others into the group

Question 33

prosocial-popular peer acceptance

Answer 33

highly charismatic and draw peers to them

Question 34

rejected-aggressive peer acceptance

Answer 34

display threatening behavior, physically, aggressive behavior

Question 35

controversial peer acceptance

Answer 35

liked by many and also disliked by many

Question 36

average peer acceptance

Answer 36

liked by small groups of peers but not disliked by many

Question 37

neglected peer acceptance

Answer 37

not especially liked or disliked, but tend to be in the background

Question 38

fixed mindset

Answer 38

intelligence is innate and can't be changed; born smart or not

Question 39

growth mindset

Answer 39

no matter who you are, you can always become smarter

Question 40

adhd symptoms and treatment

Answer 40

symptoms: can't sit still, talks loudly and fast, can't listen, can't focus, memory issues