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final Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

what can physical activity improve

A

mood and attitude
helps quit smoking
energy levels
management of stress
better sleep
self image

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2
Q

restoration of activity and chronic illness

A

coronary artery disease
hypertension
chronic obstructive disease
diabetes mellitus

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3
Q

pathological influences on body alignment, mobility and activity

A

Congenital defects
disorders of bones, joints and muscles
central nervous system damage
musculoskeletal trauma
obesity

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4
Q

physical activity assessment

A

comprehensive
consider normal physiological growth changes
observe posture

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5
Q

factors influencing movement

A

-pathological influences on mobility
-postural abnormalities
-muscle abnormalities
-damage to the cns
-trauma to musculoskeletal system
-joint disease

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6
Q

effects of muscular deconditioning

A

-disuse atrophy
-physiological
-psychological
-social

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7
Q

metabolic changes from immobility

A

-endocrine metabolism
-calcium resporation
-GI functions

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8
Q

atelectasis

A

base alveoli stay closed because of mucus build up

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9
Q

Respiratory changes from immobility

A

-atelectasis
-hypostatic pneumonia

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10
Q

systemic effects of immobility

A

-cardiovascular changes
-musculoskeletal changes
-urinary elimination changes
-integumentary changes
-psychosocial changes

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11
Q

DVT symptoms

A

pain, swelling, redness, heat

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12
Q

cardiovascular implementations for immobility

A

-reducing orthostatic hypotension
-reduce cardiac workload
-preventing thrombosus formation
-SCD’s, TED

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13
Q

positioning techniques

A

fowlers position
-supine position
-prone
-side-lying
-sims

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14
Q

physiological bases of lungs

A

respiratory physiology, respiratory gas exchange, regulation of ventilation

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15
Q

respiratory gas exchange

A

oxygen transport, carbon dioxide transport

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16
Q

atalactistic

A

sticky alveoli, infection, cant breathe

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17
Q

lifestyle factors influencing oxygenation

A

nutrition, hydration, exercise, smoking, substance abuse, stress

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18
Q

factors influencing oxygenation

A

developmental, lifestyle factors, environmental

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19
Q

physiological factors influencing oxygenation

A

-decreased oxygen-carrying capacity (sickle cell)
-hypovolemia
-decreased inspired oxygen concentration
-increased metabolic rate

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20
Q

factors affecting oxygenation through the chest wall

A

pregnancy, obesity, musculoskeletal abnormalities, trauma, neuromuscular diseases, CNS alterations, influences chronic lung disease

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21
Q

hypoventilation

A

not breathing enough, too much carbon dioxide

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22
Q

hyperventilation

A

not enough carbon dioxide, breathe fast

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23
Q

hypoxia

A

inadequate tissue oxygenation at cellular level

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24
Q

myocardial infarction

A

heart attack, tissue dies in heart

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25
left-sided heart failure
blood backs up in lungs, cant breathe,
26
right-sided heart failure
blood backs up in body, edema in legs and arms
27
myocardial ischemia
tissue death angina and infarction
28
orthopnea
shortness of breath when lying flat, with sleep apnea
29
dyspnea
any difficulty breathing
30
vaccinations that can prevent bad oxygenation
flu, pneumococcal
31
dyspnea management
lean forward, or sit up, pulse ox
32
mobilization of pulmonary secretions
needs to use suctioning
33
ambu bag
15 L, give 100% oxygen to unconscious pt, always last step
34
nasal canula
1-6 L, 24-44% oxygen through nose around ear thing
35
simple face mask
6-10 L, 35-50% short tube
36
ventura mask
4-10L, 24-50% longer tube
37
non rebreather
10-15L, 60-90% bag at end
38
chest physiotherapy
decreases secretions, postural drainage
39
maintenance and promotion of lung expansion
ambulation, positioning, incentive spirometry
40
suctioning techniques
oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal, orotracheal and naso tracheal, tracheal
41
oral airway
unconscious pts
42
endotracheal airway
through mouth and down trach
43
tracheal airway
through opening of throat
44
chest tube
when pt has collapsed lung or chest
45
nasal trumpet
hurts to open mouth, conscious enough
46
safety guidelines
-limit intro of catheter to 2 times with each suctioning -caution with head injury when suctioning -pts with COPD who breathe spontaneously should get high levels of oxygen therapy
47
factors influencing pressure ulcer formation and wound healing
nutrition, tissue perfusion, infection, age, psychosocial impact
48
hemmorage
bleeding
49
hematoma
localized collection of blood underneath tissues
50
dehiscence
partial or total separation of wound layers
51
evisceration
total separation of wound layers, can see organ or is falling out
52
partial thickness wounds
shallow in depth, moist and painful, and the wound base generally appears red
53
full thickness wounds
extends into the subcutaneous layer, and the depth and tissue type will vary depending on body location
54
primary intention of wound healing
edges are approximated
55
secondary intention of wound healing
heavy scarring
56
character of wound drainage
sanguineous- bloody serosanguinous- pinkish purulent- yellow
57
who do you consult for impaired skin integrity?
occupational therapist, dietitian, wound care, provider, PT, chaplain
58
evisceration care
-place sterile gauze in saline over tissues to reduce bacterial invasion -contact surgical team -dont allow pt to have anything orally
59
void
peeing
60
urinary retention
inability to empty the bladder partially or completely
61
urinary incontinence
Involuntary loss of urine
62
dysuria
pain or difficult urination
63
nocturia
frequent urination at night
64
oliguria
abnormally small amounts of urine
65
anuria
failure of kidneys to produce urine
66
polyuria
abnormally large amounts of urine
67
urinary diversion
surgical procedure that creates a new way for urine to exit body when natural way is blocked
68
nephrostomy tubes
small tubes tunneled through the skin into renal pelvis, drains when ureter is obstructed
69
continent urinary reservoir
-long term 'new bladder" pouch pt Cath themselves
70
ureterostomy
need bag attached
71
24 hour urine collection
collect all urine over 24 hours and keep Cool to test
72
analysis of nursing diagnoses for urine
incontinence of urine UTI impaired self toileting impaired skin integrety urinary retention
73
male position when inserting a catheter
supine with thighs slightly obstructed
74
how many inches does a catheter go up in women
4-5 inches
75
how many inches does a catheter go up in men
7-9 inches
76
what is expected after catheter is removed
to void within 6 hours
77
what helps with bowel elimination?
Laxative and stool softener
78
what factors affect bowel elimination
age, diet, fluid, activity, habits, pain, surgery, meds, pregnancy, pooping position, psychological factors
79
constipation
symptom, not a disease. infrequent stool and or hard, dry, small stool that is hard to get out
80
impaction
results from unrelieved constipation, a collection of hardened feces in rectum that cant come out, need enema
81
diarrhea
an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquids, unformed feces
82
incontinence
inability to control the passage of poop and gas. clean quickly
83
flatulence
accumulation of gas in the intestines causing the walls to stretch
84
hemorrhoids
dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum
85
stoma
temporary or permanent artificial opening in the abdominal wall
86
illeostomy or colostomy
surgical opening in the ileum or colon
87
nutritional considerations for stony care
-consume low fiber the first weeks -eat slowly and chew food completly -drink 10-12 glasses of water -avoid gassy foods
88
salem sump
tube that goes from GI through the nose to get poop out, decompresses fecal matter
89
gulag blood test
testing poop with blood in it
90
palliative care
disease with no cure but has more than 6 months to live
91
hospice
pt has less than 6 months to live, but taken off if live after 6 months
92

PNP (2 decks)

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