Final 150 Flashcards
(144 cards)
1
Q
Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?
A
To start on a fresh life
2
Q
Virginia Company
A
A jointstock company that what got a charter and established James town
3
Q
Jamestown
A
2nd settlement established by a joint stock company
4
Q
John Smith
A
Governor of Jamestown for first 2 years
5
Q
Pocahontas
A
A Native American women that was established with Jamestown
6
Q
John Rolfe
A
Married Pocahontas
7
Q
Tobacco
A
The crop that saved James town
8
Q
Bacon’s Rebellion
A
Bacon’s Rebellion was an armed rebellion in 1676 by Virginia settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon against the rule of Governor William Berkeley.
9
Q
Plymouth Colony
A
The colony of the pilgrims
10
Q
Pilgrims
A
Separatist who came to the colony’s for religious freedom
11
Q
Mayflower
A
The Mayflower was an English ship that famously transported the first English Puritans, known today as the Pilgrims, from Plymouth, England to the New World in 1620
12
Q
Mayflower compact
A
The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. It was written by the male passengers of the Mayflower, consisting of separatist Puritans, adventurers, and tradesmen.
13
Q
William Bradford
A
Leader of the pilgrims when they discovered America
14
Q
Squanto and Samoset
A
They showed pilgrims how to grow corns beans and squash
15
Q
Puritans
A
Protestants who wanted reform
16
Q
Massachusetts Bay Colony
A
Colony based on the Bible
17
Q
John Winthrop
A
Was the groups governor
18
Q
Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams
A
For disagreeing with puritans and then they formed rode island
19
Q
Salem Witch Trials
A
Series of trials where girls got accused of being witches
20
Q
William Penn
A
Found Pennsylvania
21
Q
Quakers
A
they were tolerant of other people views
22
Q
Pacifists
A
People who refuse to fight in wars or use force
23
Q
James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony
A
First governor of Georgia
24
Q
First Great Awakening
A
A religious revival that swept through the colony’s
25
Triangular Trade
A system where crops goods and slaves were traded
26
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Join, or Die is a political cartoon, drawn by Benjamin Franklin and first published in his Pennsylvania Gazette on May 9, 1754
27
John Peter Zenger Trial
The trial of John Peter Zenger, a New York printer, was an important step toward this most precious freedom for American colonists. John Peter Zenger was a German immigrant who printed a publication called The New York Weekly Journal.
28
Cause of French and Indian War
both the British and French wanted to extend their North American colonies into the land west of the Appalachian Mountains, known then as the Ohio Territory
29
Proclamation of 1763
following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War, which forbade all settlement west of a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains.
30
The Sugar Act
The Sugar Act, also known as the American Revenue Act, was a revenue-raising act passed by the British Parliament of Great Britain in April of 1764
31
The Stamp Act
The Stamp Act was passed by the British Parliament on March 22, 1765. The new tax was imposed on all American colonists and required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used.
32
The Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre, known as the Incident on King Street by the British, was an incident on March 5, 1770, in which British Army soldiers shot and killed several people while under attack by a mob
33
The Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, Massachusetts, on December 16
34
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Upset by the Boston Tea Party and other blatant acts of destruction of British property by American colonists, the British Parliament enacts the Coercive Acts
35
Patrick Henry
Patrick Henry was an American attorney, planter, and orator well known for his declaration to the Second Virginia Convention:
36
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
The Sons of Liberty was an organization that was created in the Thirteen American Colonies. The secret society was formed to protect the rights of the colonists and to fight taxation by the British government
37
John Hancock
Was the first preside t to sign the doc
38
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Common Sense is a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1775–76 advocating independence from Great Britain to people in the Thirteen Colonies
39
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776,Thomas Jefferson
40
Cause of American Revolutionary War
The British government decided to make the American colonies pay a large share of the war debt from the French and Indian War.
41
Loyalists
Loyalists were American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War.
42
Patriots
They were known as the rebels
43
Battles of Lexington and Concord
The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War
44
Battle of Saratoga
The Battles of Saratoga marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign, giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War.
45
Winter at Valley Forge
The particularly severe winter of 1777-1778
46
Battle of Yorktown
was a decisive victory by a combined force of American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington
47
Benedict Arnold
Benedict Arnold was a general during the American Revolutionary War, who fought for the American Continental Army
48
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
General George Washington,
49
Marquis de La Fayette
was a French aristocrat and military officer who fought in the American Revolutionary War.
50
Friedrich von Steuben
was a Prussian and later an American military officer.
51
Francis Marion
Francis Marion was a military officer who served in the American Revolutionary War. Acting with the Continental Army and South Carolina militia commissions
52
guerrilla warfare
Hit and run
53
Treaty of Paris 1783
Treaty that officially ended the Revolutionary War on September 3, 1783. It was signed in Paris by Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay.
54
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
was an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States.
55
Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served with as its first constitution
56
Shays’ Rebellion
Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in Massachusetts during 1786 and 1787. Revolutionary War
57
The Great Compromise
In the House of Representatives each state would be assigned a number of seats in proportion to its population.
58
The 3/5 Compromise
Slaves counted 3/5 of votes
59
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
On this day in 1751, James Madison, drafter of the Constitution
60
Bill of Right
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution make up the Bill of Rights.
61
1
| st Amendment
religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble
62
2
| nd Amendment
A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed
63
4
| th Amendment
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures
64
5
| th Amendment
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury,
65
6
| th Amendment
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed
66
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
They are the Executive, (President
| ) Legislative (Senate and House of Representatives) and Judicial (Supreme Court and lower Courts)
67
Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 during the presidency of George Washington. The so-called "whiskey tax" was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government
68
Alexander Hamilton
Alexander Hamilton was an American statesman and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
69
Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills passed by the Federalist-dominated 5th United States Congress and signed into law by President John Adams in 1798
70
John Sevier
John Sevier was an American soldier, frontiersman and politician, and one of the founding fathers of the State of Tennessee.
71
Natchez Trace
The Natchez Trace Parkway is a National Parkway in the southeastern United States that commemorates the historic Old Natchez Trace and preserves sections of the original trail.
72
Marbury v Madison
is a landmark case by the United States Supreme Court which forms the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution.
73
Judicial review
review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative ac
74
McCulloch v Maryland
McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. 316, was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States.
75
Election of 1800
John Adams vs Thomas Jefferson
76
Louisiana Purchase
France sells territory for 15 million
77
Lewis and Clark Expedition
They went and explored the territory we bought
78
Impressment and the attack of the Chesapeake
It was intercepted by a British vessel
79
War Hawks from the War of 1812
People who pushed for war
80
War of 1812 – DC burned, Fort McHenry, Battle of New Orleans
When D.C. Burned it was not the only building to burn because the library of congress burned , dolly maddison saved a portrait of George Washington,Francis Scott key is wrote the star spangled banner because of fort mchenry the battle of New Orleans took place after the treaty was signed because everyone didn't know there was a treaty
81
The Star Spangled Banner
Got wrote by Francis Scott key
82
Monroe Doctrine
Became important for American foreign
83
Irish Potato Famine’s relationship to Immigration
Irish immigrants moved to America
84
Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s convention
formed the National Women’s Loyal League with Susan B. Anthony in 1863. Seven years later, they established the National Woman Suffrage Association.
85
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.
86
Capitalism
an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.
87
Free Enterprise System
Where there is very any rules
88
Supply and Demand
the amount of a commodity, product, or service available and the desire of buyers for it, considered as factors regulating its price.
89
Number One Crop in the South in the 1800’s
Cotton
90
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin – what it did and why that was important
It helped with cotton and it made it easier
91
Urban vs Rural
Urban -city
| Rural-country
92
Wilderness Road
Route to Kentucky from Atlantic coast
93
Daniel Boone
He blazed the trail that became the wilderness road
94
Cumberland Gap
It made passing trough the Appalachian mountains easier
95
The Corrupt Bargain
Henery clay helped out Adams to win the election
96
Andrew Jackson – spoils system, fight with the bank
Jackson tries to take all funds from national banks and then puts the money and states banks
97
Indian Removal Act
To relocate native Americans
98
Trail of Tears
Movement from Cherokee from Georgia to Oklahoma
99
Sequoyah
Wrote Cherokee language
100
William Henry Harrison’s Presidency
Was only president for 32 days because he died. Also shortest presidency
101
Manifest Destiny
Belief that America should extend to the Pacific Ocean
102
Texas Rebellion
The Texas Revolution was a rebellion of colonists from the United States and Tejanos in putting up armed resistance to the centralist government of Mexico.
103
The Alamo – battle significance
Santa Anna's Mexico is Travis Texans
104
Davy Crockett
Tennessean that volunteered to fight
105
Oregon Trail
Trail used by settlers to migrate to the northwest
106
James K Polk – President that fulfilled what?
Dark horse candidate winner
107
Mexican War – Border dispute, Mexican Cession
Mexican troops attacked Zachary Taylor at the border. After Mexico lost the war they lost half of its territory
108
John Sutter and the California Gold Rush
John surfer obtained land in California and then found a lot of gold
109
Brigham Young
Led migration to great salt lake area of Utah
110
The Missouri Compromise of 1820
In an effort to preserve the balance of power in Congress between slave and free states, the Missouri Compromise was passed in 1820 admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. ... In 1854, the Missouri Compromise was repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
111
John Brown
John Brown was an American abolitionist who believed in and advocated armed insurrection as the only way to overthrow the institution of slavery in the United States.
112
Harriet Tubman
Leader of the Underground Railroad
113
Underground Railroad
Railroads to help slaves escape
114
Frederick Douglass
Frederick Douglass was an African-American,most famous abolitionist
115
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin
A novel that issued slavery
116
Fugitive Slave Act
Required are citizens to catch runaway slaves
117
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Increased amount of the slaveholding in the US
118
Bleeding Kansas
First territory to shed blood in a civil war
119
Sumner-Brooks Incident
Butlers cousin hit Sumner with a cane because sumner lashed out against tho in slavery
120
Raid on Harper’s Ferry
John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry was an effort by armed abolitionist John Brown to initiate an armed slave revolt in 1859 by taking over a United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia
121
Dred Scott v Sandfor
Dread Scott fought against his owner and said the constitution protected slavery and he lost
122
Lincoln-Douglass debates – House Divided Speech
Senator raced in Illinois and beca,e the center of national attention
123
Election of 1860
Lincoln becomes president
124
Causes of the Civil War
Slavery and the nation being devided
125
Fort Sumter
The First Battle of Fort Sumter began on April 12, 1861
126
Ulysses S. Grant
He was leader of the union later became president
127
Robert E. Lee
Fought for confederate and surrendered
128
Stonewall Jackson
Most gifted tactical commander in the US
129
First Battle of Bull Run
First major battle of the civil war,fought near a town called Manassas
130
Anaconda Plan
A plan where the union would choke out the confederacy
131
54th Massachusetts
A group of African Americans that ran for congress
132
The Battle of Gettysburg
Union retreats because their outnumbered
133
The Battle of Vicksburg
Turning point of the war
134
Sherman’s March to the sea
Sherman's March to the Sea was a military campaign of the American Civil War conducted through Georgia from November 15 until December 21
135
Lee Surrendering to Grant
They surrendered in a small town in Virginia
136
13th Amendment
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
137
14th Amendment
All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside
138
15th Amendment
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race,
139
Lincoln Assassination – theater name, murderer, place of death
Fords theater,john Wilkes booth, and the Petersen house
140
10 Percent Plan and Radical Republican Plans for Reconstruction
The Ten-Percent Plan. Lincoln's blueprint for Reconstruction included the Ten-Percent Plan,which specified that a southern state could be readmitted into the Union once 10 percent of its voters (from the voter rolls for the election of 1860) swore an oath of allegiance to the Union.
141
Freedman’s Bureau
The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, usually referred to as simply the Freedmen's Bureau, was an agency of the United States Department
142
Segregation
Kept whites and blacks separate
143
Jim Crow Laws
Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.
144
Ku Klux Klan
A territory group that didn't like blacks
