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History > Final 150 Part 1 > Flashcards

Final 150 Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To get new land and spread christiany

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

The joint stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A
  • Easy to defend
  • Not good farmland
  • Many looked for sliver and gold
  • Tobacco saved Jamestown
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4
Q

John Smith

A
  • 1st governor of Jamestown for 12 years
  • Built a strong relationship with Chief Powhatan to get corn
  • Left for England,Jamestown suffered,Powhatan stopped providing food
  • Lead to The Winter of 1609-1610 called “The Starving Time”
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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

-Saved John Smith and brought some peace to England and the Native Americans

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A
  • Learned how to grow this type of tobacco and sold the first crop in 1614 in England
  • He married the daughter of Chief Powhatan, Pocahontas
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7
Q

Tobacco

A

-The cropped that saved Jamestown

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A
  • Nathaniel Bacon
  • Called “The Greatest rebel that ever was in Virginia” by Berkeley
  • Had shown the settlers were not content with restricted to the coast
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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

The colony of the pilgrims

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatists who came to the colonies for religious freedom

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

The ship that the pilgrims came to America on

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

A document that the pilgrims signed on the Mayflower that set up a orderly government

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

He led the pilgrims for over 30 years and most famous for writing Of Plymouth Plantation

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Befriend some Pilgrims

Showed how to grow corn,beans,and squash and how to hunt and fish

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15
Q

Puritans

A

In 1629 formed a group in the Massachusetts Bay Company and was based on the Bible
Went to escape persecution and economic struggles in England
Believed in a form of theocracy for government

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

Formed by Puritans and was based on the Bible

John Winthrop was governor

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Was the governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

They were both taken to trial over disagreeing with the Puritans and were kicked out of the Massachusetts. They formed Rhode Island

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

We’re a series of hearing and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft and were killed

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20
Q

William Penn

A

Founded Pennsylvania
Was a Quaker
Wrote their constitution

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21
Q

Quakers

A
  • Everyone has inner light that leads them to salvation
  • Tolerant of other people’s views
  • Pacifist
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22
Q

Pacifists

A

People who refuse to fight in wars or use force

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23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A 
Set up Georgia and was its first governor 
Was a buffers states between the stronger English colonies and Spanish attacks and as a place where English debtors and lower class could get a fresh start
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24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

A religious revival that sweep through the colonies

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25
Q

Triangular Trade

A

Was a system in which slaves,crops, and manufactured goods were trade between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American colonies

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26
Q

Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon

A

All made by Benjamin Franklin

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27
Q

John Peter Zenger Trial

A

In 1733 John Zenger was throw in jail when he accused the governor of Now York of corruption, he was found not guilty and help is to get freedom of the press

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28
Q

Cause of French and Indian War

A

France and Great Britain wanted control of Ohio River Valley because of the fur trade

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29
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

Gray Britain signed the Proclamation that halted western expansion by settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains to appease the Native Americans

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30
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Lowered the tax on molasses try and convince people to stop smuggling

31
Q

The Stamp Act

A

Placed a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies

32
Q

The Boston Massacre.

A

March 5,1770 A fight beaks out between townspeople and British soldiers and 5 people died. Was used as propaganda

33
Q

The Boston Tea Party

A

A group of colonists led by the Sons of Liberty boarded on EITC ship when it is set to be unloaded and destroy the tea by throwing it into the Boston Harbor at midnight on December 16 1773

34
Q

The Intolerable/Coercive Acts

A

Harsh laws intended to punish to Massachusetts citizens as a reaction to the Boston Tea Party

35
Q

Patrick Henry

A

At the 1st Continental Congress meeting he said,”I am not a Virginian, but an American”

36
Q

Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty

A

Sam Adams founder of Sons of Liberty which was a secret society formed to protect the rights of the colonists and fight taxation by the British

37
Q

John Hancock

A

1st person to sign the DoI

38
Q

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

A

Called for the colonies to have complete independence from GB he thought the colonies should. E a refuge from tyrants and persecution

39
Q

Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance

A

July 4,1776 Pennsylvania by Thomas Jefferson a breakup letter to GB

40
Q

Cause of the American Revolution

A

The increase of taxes without representation

41
Q

Loyalists

A

Didn’t think these taxes were enough of a reason to fight

42
Q

Patriots

A

Determined to fight until Independence was won

43
Q

Battles of Lexington and Concord

A

The battle at Lexington is where minuteman fired the “shot heard round the world

44
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

Happened in 1777 and turning point of the war and France and Spain became allies of the colonies

45
Q

Winter at Valley Forge

A

A time of terrible suffering without decent food clothing or shelter for Washington and his troops

46
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

The last major battle of the American Revolution

47
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

Hero of the Battle of Sarstoge but later his wife arranged him to get a higher rank in the British military as a trader

48
Q

Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war

A

George Washington

49
Q

Marquis de La Fayette

A

Believed that the force of America had a great influence on the future of mankind

50
Q

Friedrich von Steuben

A

Drilled the troops at Valley Forge and was Prussian born officer and credited for teaching the colonial army essentials of military drill and discipline

51
Q

Francis Marion

A

Known as Swamp Fox and father of guerrilla warfare

52
Q

guerrilla warfare

A

A hit and run war technique

53
Q

Treaty of Paris 1783

A

GB recognized the US as an independent nation

54
Q

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A

Created one territory out of the lands North of the Ohio River and East of the Mississippi River

55
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

In November 1777 American’s 1st constitution

56
Q

Shays’ Rebellion

A

An uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight the government taxes on poor farmers and showed a need for strong central government

57
Q

The Great Compromise

A

Established the model for Congress used to this day

58
Q

The 3/5 Compromise

A

Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one free person for representation

59
Q

The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose

A

James Madison, 1787 and Tomane a government for the US

60
Q

Bill of Rights

A

The first 10 amendments to the Constitution

61
Q

1st Amendment

A

Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition the government

62
Q

2nd Amendment

A

The right to own firearms

63
Q

4th Amendment

A

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause

64
Q

5th Amendment

A

Natural rights can not be deprived without due process of law
People accused of committing crimes because you have the right to not give self incriminating evidence

65
Q

6th Amendment

A

Have the right to a speedy, public trail by an impartial jury

66
Q

Three Branches of Government and their purpose

A

Legislative Branch- Law making-Congress:Senate and House of Rep
Executive Brunch- Carries out the laws-President-chief executive- the President has the power to check congress with veto power
Judicial Brunch- Interprets laws and declares laws of presidential acts unconstitutional- supreme and federal courts

67
Q

Whiskey Rebellion

A

A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government

68
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

Proposed a plan that would have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war

69
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

Alien Acts- allowed President to deport aliens

Sedition Acts- a crime to speak or write false criticism to try and weaken the government

70
Q

John Sevier

A

1st governor of Tennessee

71
Q

Natchez Trace

A

Important route for trade between Mississippi and Nashville

72
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

Landmark cases established Judaical Review and was the 1st time the Supreme decided something was unconstitutional

73
Q

Judicial review

A

The court can nullify actions of other branches

74
Q

McCulloch v. Maryland

A

Supreme Court case over states’ rights. Maryland imposed a tax over a branch of the second bank of the US. Chief Marshall ruled that Maryland had no right to tax the bank because it was a federal institutions

History (13 decks)

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