Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psyc 1100 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Define Psych.

A

The discipline concerned with behaviour and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism’s physical state, mental state, and external environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who is considered father of psych, and established the first psychological lab?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does empircial evidence mean?

A

Numbers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was the ancient pseudoscientific practice believed that specific personality traits could be “read” from bumps on the skulls called?

A

Phrenology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who is associated with pschoanalytics theory and the emphasis on the unconscious mind?

A

Sigmund Freud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What % of humans mind is conscious at any one time?

A

2-10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fill in the blank

In psych research, mental processes are measured using_________ ______________.

A

Operational Definition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When conducting an experiment what do psychologist manipulate?

have control over

A

Indpendent Variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In an experiment investigating the effect of eating junk food on weight gain, what would be the dependent variable?

A

Weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In an experiment investigating the effect of eating junk food on weight gain, what would be the experimental condition?

A

Junk Food Group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Assigning partipants to different groups by drawing numbers out of a hat is an examples of what important research practice?

A

Random assignment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the median?

A

Middle number in a set

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Feeling a boost of energy after drinking a decaf coffe is called what type of effect?

A

Placebo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

True or false

Correlation proves causation.

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is it called when a memory is tied to a very strong emotion and feel very accurate?

A

Flashbulb Memories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three processes of memory that describe how memory “get in” “stay in” and “get out” of our minds?

A

Encoding, Storage and Retrival

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of encoding is when you remember words by imagining them?

A

Visual Imagery encoding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is millers magic number for the capacity of Short term memory?

A

7 +/-2 pieces of info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of memories are stored for longer than 30 sec in the human brain?

A

Long term memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

True or False

Eyewitness testomonies are an ideal form of evidence for police and lawyers to use because humans have SUPERIOR memory for faces.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Knowing how to swim would be considered which type of long-term memory?

A

Procedural memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a memory trick or technique used to help remember?

A

Mnemonic Device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What type of long-term memory has been impaired, after a severe car accident and a patient can’t remember general factes, 2+2=4 and birds can fly?

A

Semantic Memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What term describes the basic registration f light,sound,touch,odour or taste as the body interacts with physical world?

A

Sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the term for the weakening and eventual disappearance of a learned response?
Extinction
26
What was the neutral stimulus that became conditioned stimulus that "Little Albert" was classically conditioned to be scared of?
White Rat
27
What type of reinforcement involves adding something pleasant to increase likelihood of a behavior reocurring?
Positive Reinforcement
28
Students with perfect attendance for the entire semester are exempt from writing the final exam. What form of operant conditioning is being applied to increase the behavior of attending class?
Negative Reinforcement
29
How many pairings are needed to establish taste aversion according to classical conditioning principles?
1
30
# True or Flase Receiving money as a reward can be considered a type of primary reinforcment.
False | Money is a secondary reinforcer
31
What is the best schedule to decrease undesirable behavior?
Continuous Punishment
32
33
# Fill in the blank __________ is the process by which organisms organize,identify,intrepret, and assign meaning to sensory inputs to form a mental representation of the world.
Perception.
34
What is the term for the cross talk of sensations called?
Synasthesia
35
What is the process of converting physical signals from environment into neural signals sent to the central nervous system called?
Transduction
36
# Fill in the blank ________________ ____________ is the smallest quantity of physical energy that can be reliably detected by an observer 50% of the time.
Absolute threshold
37
What is the primary function of rods in the retina?
Night Vision
38
What is the name of the types of cells in the retina responsible for our ability to see color?
Cones
39
# True or Flase Humans can only see a tiny portion of the electromagnetic spectrum,while other forms of electromagnetic wavelengths such as UV light, IR light, Xrays,Microwaves and radio waves are invisble to the human eye.
True
40
Humans can't hear the sound of dog whistle. What part of the Signal Detection Theory does this show?
Miss
41
# Fill in the blank People with __________ __________ have an absence or dysfunction of one or more of the cone types and experience difficulty distingueing certain colours from one another such as green and red.
Color Blindness
42
# True or False Humans can survive if half their brain is removed.
True
43
What is the brains ability to change and adapt rsponse to experience by reorganizing or growing new neural connections called?
Plasticity
44
# Fill in the blank The cerebrum is divided into two __________ and connected by thin tissue called the _____________ _ ___________.
Hemisphere; Corpus Callosum
45
Which lobe contributes to what makes us uniquely human?
Frontal Lobe
46
What two parts of the body does the central nervous system contain?
Brain and Spinal Cord
47
Which system is activated during the rest and digest part of your day?
Parasympathetic Nervous system
48
What does the Myelin Sheath do?
Increases speed,efficiency and accuracy of electrical signals within neurons.
49
Define the job of a synapse.
Space between neurons where neurotransmitters such as serotonin,dopamine,GABA,glutamate and acetycholine cross, allowing neurons to communicate with one another.
50
What is the definition of consciousness?
Aware experience of the world and mind
51
What are the three levels of consciousness?
1. Minimal 2. Full 3. Self
52
What is daydreaming?
State of consciousness in which a flow of thoughts come to mind,creating partial or complete distraction from the present reality.
53
What is an altered state of mind?
Any forms of experience that depart from the normal subjective experience of the world and the mind.
54
What can lead to alter state of consciousness?
Sleeping,hypnosis, drug use and meditation
55
What is circadian rhythm?
Naturally occuring 24 hour sleep and wake cycle.
56
# True or False Extreme sleep loss can be fatal.
True
57
What system operates mainly suring sleep to eliminate toxic waste products within the CNS?
Glymphatic System
58
Define sleep debt.
The sleep you owe your body.
59
Dream in which the dreamer is aware they are dreaming, may be able to exert some control over the dream. This call what type of dreams?
Lucid Dreams
60
What are the 4 types of psychoactive drugs?
1. Stimulants 2. Depressants 3. Opiates 4. Psychedelics
61
What do stimulant drugs do?
Speed up the CNS | Nicotine, Caffeine,Coke, Meth and Amphetamines
62
What do depressant drugs do?
Drugs that slow activity in the CNS | Alcohol, Weed, Opiods
63
What do opiates drugs do?
Derived from opium poppy that relieves pain and commonly produced euphoria. | Heroin,Opium, Morphine, Oxycodone, Fentanyl ALL HIGHLY ADDICTIVE
64
What do psychedelic drugs do?
Produce hallucinations,change thought processes or distrupt the normal perception of time and space | LSD, Magic mushrooms
65
What does ecstacy (MDMA) do?
Increases empathy, insight, energy.
66
What does nature refer to in psychology?
Heredity, biology and genetic make up.
67
What does nuture refer to in psychology?
Environment and how they were raised.
68
What is the current scientific view about Nature vs Nurture?
Both of them are important.
69
Describe the famous Jim Twin study.
* Jim Springer and Lewis * identical twins sepereated at 6 weeks old * married people names Linda (1st) 2nd named betty * Children and dogs with same names * Drove the same car
70
What is epigentic?
Study of Nurture's affect on Nature
71
What are some environmental influences that ENHANCED mental ability?
* Good health and nutrition * Mentally enrichment in home,childcare and school * Parental interaction,discussion and encouragement of mental processing.
72
What are some environmental influences that REDUCED mental ability?
* Poor prenatal care * Malnutrion * Exposure to toxins * Stressful family circumstances
73
What is develpoment psych?
The study of how people CHANGE and grow OVER TIME, physically, mentally and socially.
74
What is socialization?
Process by which children learn the rules and behavior expected of them by society.
75
What is maturation?
The development of genectically influence behavior and physical characteristics
76
Define Motor Reflexes.
Automatic behaviours that are necessary for survival.
77
78
How can baby tells apart primary care givers from strangers?
Sight, smell and sound
79
What are life long attachment styles created by?
Mother-Child relationships.
80
What does contact comfort mean?
Becoming attached because of the comfort and safety our mothers make us feel.
81
What is Harry Harlows attachment study?
Two mother monkey (fake) one metal that fed the baby monkey and a cuddly monkey to see which one the mothers they prefer. | Contact comfort was preferred
82
Define Sepertation anxiety.
Distress that most children develop. AT about 6-8 months when their primary caregivers temporaily leave them with strangers.
83
What are the three types of attachment styles?
1. Secure 2. Avoidant 3. anxious/ambivalent
84
Define Securely attachment.
Babies cry or protest if the parents leaves the room, but welcomes her back and play happily again when she returns.
85
Define avoidant attachment.
Not caring if mom leaves the room makes little effort to seek contact when she returns.
86
Define anxious attachment.
Very upset and crying loudly when mom leaves but resisting contact when she returns, doesnt stop crying
87
What are some factors that increase insecure attachment?
* Abandonment and deprivation in first 2 years of life * Abusive, neglectful,erratic parenting * Childs own genetically influenced * Stressful circumstances in childs family
88
What age does sepreation anxiety peak?
One year old
89
# True or false Attchement style last throughout entire lives.
True
90
What did Jean Piaget believe?
Nature and Nuture are important in development
91
What is Schema?
Idea or knowledge about how something works or how something is
92
Define disequilibrium.
New experiences and new objects that a child encounters may create a state of imbalance, lack of understanding something new.
93
What does assimilation mean? | Schema
New info that matches a current schema so it is just added to existing schema.
94
What is accomodation? | Schema
Occurs when new info cannot be assimlated into existing schema, schema has to be changed or adapted.
95
What does Jean Piaget identify 4 stages of cognitive development?
1. Sensorimotor 2. Preoperational 3. Concrete Operational 4. Formal Operational
96
Define Sensorimotor stage.
* 0-2 years * Baby think if they cant see an object its gone * 4-8 months Object permanance (learning something exists even when it cannot be seen)
97
Define Preoperational stage
* 2-7 years * Symbolic thinking/development of langauge * Can't graso the idea of conservation * Egocentric: Can only see things from their POV
98
Define Concrete Operational Stage.
* 7-12 years old * Thinking is based on real experience only
99
Define Formal Operational Stage.
* 12+ years old * Abstract and symbolic thinking because of the developement of more adavance language skills * Learn to figurative language
100
What are the theories of the adolescent brain?
Old theory: teens have fully developed brains New theory: Brains dont develop until 20s
101
What stage of life so we being to exoerience many different transitions of life?
Adulthood
102
What is refered to as the golden ages?
60+
103
What is alzheimers?
affects hippocampus by deterioation and leads to rapid memory lose.

Psyc 1100 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions