final

Question 1

Type of tympanogram: A

Answer 1

Means that the function of the middle ear is normal.

Question 2

Type of tympanogram: As

Answer 2

Means the tympanic membrane is hypomobile.

Question 3

Type of tympanogram: Ad

Answer 3

Means that the tympanic membrane is hypermobile.

Question 4

Type of tympanogram: B

Answer 4

Indicates that there is fluid accumulation.

Question 5

Type of tympanogram: C

Answer 5

suggestive of Eustachian tube dysfunction

Question 6

If a hearing loss is conductive or has a conductive component, YOU CANNOT
OBTAIN acoustic reflexes (T/F)

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Where does electrocochleography originate from?

Answer 7

cochlea and auditory nerve

Question 8

The neural generators for each wave of the Auditory Brainstem Response:

Answer 8

Wave 1 and 2: Cochlear Nerve
Wave 3: Cochlear Nucleus
Wave 4: Superior Olivary Complex
Wave 5: Inferior Colliculus/Lateral Lemniscus

Question 9

Measures whether a reflex contraction is
maintained or weakens during continuous stimulation (usually 10 seconds)

Answer 9

Acoustic Reflex Decay

Question 10

What is the importance of signal averaging when gathering data for the Auditory
Brainstem Response (ABR)?

Answer 10

to eliminate the averaging unrelated activity and reveal the auditory evoked potential

Question 11

Interpeak latency (IPL) of Wave I-III tells us ________ conduction; Interpeak latency (IPL)
of Wave III-V tells us about ________ conduction

Answer 11

Nerve; Brainstem

Question 12

What is an Auditory Brainstem Response used for?

Answer 12

ABR is utilized as a threshold predictor for infants and children. It is also utilized to help distinguish whether a patient has a cochlear or retrocochlear disorder.

Question 13

Refers to the technique of measuring auditory late response (ALRs) for the purpose of assessing hearing ability.

Answer 13

Cortical Evoked response audiometry

Question 14

According to the Joint committee For Infant Hearing (JCIH), Infant screening should be performed prior to ____________ months of age; should receive “comprehensive audiological” evaluation prior to ________ months of age; should receive appropriate intervention prior to _________ months of age.

Answer 14

1, 3, 6

Question 15

Type of audiometry is performed when a toy is used as a positive reinforcement for look in the direction of the correct sound source?

Answer 15

Operant Conditioning Audiometry

Question 16

Play behavioral/aud

Answer 16

Tones are presented via earphones or a sound-field speaker
* Children are taught by demonstration to
respond to the tones with a variety of
possible actions
– E.g., placing a ring on a peg, block in a box, or a bead in a bucket
* Success of play audiometry is dependent upon (1) motivation, (2) contiguity, (3) generalization across frequency and
intensity, (4) discrimination, and (5)
reinforcement

Question 17

Behavioral Observation Audiometry (BOA)

Answer 17

Used during the first 6 to 8 months of age
* Involve the child’s response to a sound through auditory
localization
* For sounds to be localized, hearing thresholds much be
similar in both ears
* If a child does not turn to locate a sound by the age of 8
months, it can be suspected that something is wrong

Question 18

What is the cross-check principle?

Answer 18

The cross-check principle mentions that relying on one audiometric measure should not be considered valid until you have obtained an independent cross of its validity.

Question 19

This part of a hearing aid BOOSTS the electrical response and then delivers to the signal to the loudspeaker.

Answer 19

Amplifier

Question 20

This part of the hearing aid moves in response to the pressure waves of sound, converting the acoustic signal into an electrical signal.

Answer 20

Microphone

Question 21

The amplifier of a hearing aid DELIVERS its electrical signal to a loudspeaker

Answer 21

Reciever

Question 22

In the ear (ITE) hearing aid

Answer 22

*aids are grouped into numerous substyles based on size
* For all substyles, the microphone port is located on the hearing aid faceplate
* Microphone location takes advantage of the natural resonance characteristics of the pinna * This advantage increases with ITC and CIC devices as the microphone is located deeper in the outer ear system

Question 23

Behind the ear (BTE)

Answer 23

• contain the bulk of the hearing aid
  hardware in a non-custom case behind the ear
• The case is coupled to the ear using a tube or wire
  attached to some form of coupler
• The microphones are usually located on the top or and on the back side of the device
• External controls for patient manipulation, usually an on/off switch and volume control, are also located on the back side

Question 24

Receiver-in-the-ear (RITE) or receiver-in-the-canal (RIC) style

Answer 24

• The loudspeaker is located in the ear canal
• The amplified and processed electrical signal is delivered to the loudspeaker via a thin wire running from the body of the aid

Question 25

Why would an “open fit” be good for a patient with normal low frequency hearing?

Answer 25

minimizes the occlusion effect

Question 26

The amount by which sound has been made louder; the most basic function of hearing aids is to increase

Answer 26

Gain

Question 27

The fundamental means by which hearing aids provide benefit is by increasing sound intensity. _______________ intensity is how loud the sound is LEAVING the hearing aid

Answer 27

Output

Question 28

The fundamental means by which hearing aids provide benefit is by increasing sound intensity. ___________________ intensity is how loud the sound is ENTERING the hearing aid.

Answer 28

Input

Question 29

Linear gain

Answer 29

* means that the same amount of amplification, or gain, is applied to an input signal regardless of the intensity level of the original signal * If the gain of the amplifier is, say, 20 dB, then a linear CHARACTERISTICS amplifier will increase an input signal of 40 to 60 dB; an input of 50 to 70 dB; an input of 60 to 80 d

Question 30

Nonlinear gain

Answer 30

*means that the amount of gain is different for different input levels *might boost a 30 dB signal to 65 dB but a 70 dB signal to only 80 dB

Question 31

Directionality vs Noise reduction

Answer 31

* Directional microphones focus sensitivity toward the front of the listener, thereby attenuating or reducing unwanted “noise” or competition emanating from behind the listener *Noise-reduction: Slow noise reduction is based on how speech and noise change over time; Fast noise reduction algorithms depend on the use of directional microphones and sound scene analysis to determine whether a signal in a given moment is speech or noise

Question 32

What can be treated using a bone anchored hearing aid?

Answer 32

Single sided deafness

Question 33

CROS hearing aid

Answer 33

appropriate for people who have normal hearing in the better-hearing ear

Question 34

BiCROS hearing aid

Answer 34

appropriate for people who have hearing loss in the better-hearing ear

Question 35

3 main components of a cochlear implant

Answer 35

A cochlear implant has a receiver, an electrode array, and a sound processor.

Question 36

The basic strategy behind a middle ear implant is to use a surgically implanted component to drive the middle ear ossicles with direct stimulation so that they, in turn, deliver amplified vibratory energy to the cochlea. Therefore, middle ear implants are designed to treat which type of hearing loss?

Answer 36

Sensorineural hearing loss

Question 37

Hearing impairment

Answer 37

abnormality that is psychological, physiological or anatomical

Question 38

Hearing disability

Answer 38

Difficulty performing biological/socially useful functions

Question 39

Hearing handicap

Answer 39

way in which individuals are disadvantaged in fulfilling their role

Question 40

Prelingual

Answer 40

is hearing loss prior to the acquisition of speech/language and

Question 41

Perilingual

Answer 41

is hearing loss occurring during timeframe of acquiring speech/language.

Question 42

Postlingual

Answer 42

loss occurring after developing speech/language

Question 43

In aural rehabilitation, a type of communication mode is "Total Communication", what does this entail/involve?

Answer 43

hearing/listening, signing, speechreading

Question 44

Ways in which audiologist can assist in managing tinnitus.

Answer 44

*Use of hearing aids with and/or without tinnitus masker program *Use of noise maskers (white-noise generators; fans, radios, tinnitus apps, musical/tonal generators (Neuromonics) *Pharmacological: Prescribed Medications and/or vitamins-results vary *Therapy based: example CBT

Question 45

Auditory Closure

Answer 45

refers to the ability to identify words when sounds in those words are distorted or masked by noise.

Question 46

Binaural Integration

Answer 46

refers to the ability, when presented with a different message at each ear, to identify those different message

Question 47

Binaural Separation

Answer 47

refers to the ability, when presented with a different message at each ear, to identify one message while ignoring the other message.

Question 48

Auditory Temporal Patterning

Answer 48

refers to the ability to recognize stress and intonation changes that add to the meaning of speec

Question 49

Auditory Temporal Resolution

Answer 49

refers to the ability to detect rapid changes in a set of sounds and that is important given that speech itself is a rapidly changing set of sounds.

Question 50

Auditory Binaural Interaction

Answer 50

refers to the ability to use differences in timing, intensity, and/or frequency of sounds between the two ears that help us hear better in noise.