final

Question 1

what are the advantages of dental ceramics

Answer 1

• esthetics
• biocompatability
• preservation of tooth structure
• strength

Question 2

esthetics is one of the primary indications for using:

Answer 2

dental ceramics and all ceramic restorations

Question 3

some ceramic materials mimic:

Answer 3

the optical properties of natural tooth structure

Question 4

what is translucency? and what is translucency of enamel and dentin

Answer 4

light can penetrate the material
- enamel is 70%
- dentin is 30%

Question 5

describe biocompatability of ceramics

Answer 5

• they are biocompatible and bio inert ( no cellular or tissue response)
• low affinity for attracting and retaining plaque

Question 6

metal alloys can cause tissue discoloration due to

Answer 6

release of metallic ions

Question 7

describe the preservation of tooth structure with ceramics

Answer 7

• more conservative preparations are possible with all ceramic restorations compared to metal ceramic
• advantages of bonding with all ceramics
• less likelihood for need of endo tx

Question 8

the strength of ceramics is measured by:

Answer 8

the flexural strength

Question 9

ceramic materials have values of strength of:

Answer 9

250-1000mPa

Question 10

use of resin bonding cements increase:

Answer 10

the fracture resistance of the restoration

Question 11

all ceramic restorations may be contraindicated in

Answer 11

• limited occlusal space
• heavy occlusal forces- hx of parafunctional habits
• sub gingival preparations- where bonding of restoration is not effective
• discolored teeth

Question 12

classification of dental ceramics is based on:

Answer 12

• fusing temperature
• utilization
• laboratory processing
• composition

Question 13

what are ceramics made of

Answer 13

• predominantly glass: feldspathic
• particle filled glass ceramics: lithium disilicate
• polycrystalline ceramics: zirconia

Question 14

all line and point angles must be:

Answer 14

rounded

Question 15

what type of finish line for all cermaic

Answer 15

shoulder or chamfer

Question 16

where should finish line be for ceramics

Answer 16

• supragingival or up to 0.5mm sub gingival

Question 17

what are the possible reasons for failure/fracture of all ceramic restorations

Answer 17

-10% higher mismatch in CTE between the core ceramic and veneering porcelain
- residual stresses within the ceramic
- inadequate material thickness
- inadequate planning

Question 18

what causes residual stresses within the ceramic

Answer 18

fast cooling or aggressivea djustments after sintering

Question 19

what causes inadequate material thickness

Answer 19

inadequate tooth preparation/reduction, sharp angles

Question 20

describe resin modified glass ionomer cements and their market name

Answer 20

• requires no tooth treatment/adhesive
• requires no ceramic preparation treatment
• fluoride release
• RelyX luting
• fujiCEM

Question 21

what are the types of resin cements used for all ceramic restoration

Answer 21

• RMGI
• self adhesive resin cement - universal
• adhesive resin cement
• esthetic adhesive resin cement

Question 22

what do self adhesive resin cement- univeral do and what is its market names

Answer 22

• requires no tooth treatment/adhesive
• requires primer only for glass ceramics and noble metals
• available in limited shades
• relyX universal
• panavia SA
• Speedcem PLus

Question 23

what does adhesive resin cement do and what are its market names

Answer 23

• bonding agent required, dual cure
• requires primer for the restoration
• stronger than self adhesive
• available in limited shades
• multilink (IVoclar)
• panavia 21
• relyX ultimate

Question 24

what are the esthetic adhesive resin cements and what are the market names

Answer 24

• separate etching and bonding required
• requires primer/treatment of the intaglio of the restoration
• stronger than self adhesive
• available in many shades
• calibra
• variolink esthetics

Question 25

what cement does zirconia use

Answer 25

RMGI or resin cementsw

Question 26

what cement does lithium disilicate use

Answer 26

dual cure resin cement

Question 27

what cement does feldspathic porcelain use

Answer 27

light cure resin cement

Question 28

what are the types of cements

Answer 28

- zinc oxide (eugenol) - zinc phosphate - zinc polycarboxylate - glass ionomer - RMGI - resin cements

Question 29

describe zinc oxide eugenol , what is it used for and market name

Answer 29

- interim cement (low strength) - interim restorative material - eugenol has sedative effects to the pulp (anti inflammatory, analgesic) - eugenol inhibits polymerization of resin - market name: Tempbone

Question 30

what is zinc polycarboxylate used for and describe it and what is its market name

Answer 30

- interim cement (higher strength compared to ZOE) due to solubility - chelation (bonds to Ca ions) - contains polyacrylic acid - minimal pulpal irritation - Durelon, Ultratemp

Question 31

describe glass ionomer, what it does and market name

Answer 31

- definitive cement - also used as a restorative material - adheres to dentin and cementum (polyacrylic acid) - fluoride release - Fuji

Question 32

describe zinc phosphate, use and market name

Answer 32

- long history of use as a definitive cement - phosphoric acid can be an irrtant to the pulp (mixed on a chilled glass slab to minimize exothermic reaction) - soluble - inexpensive - radiopaque

Question 33

describe RMGI, use and market name

Answer 33

- higher strength and low solubility - compared to GI - should not be used with glass ceramics - can be used with Zr based ceramic - market name: RelyX luting

Question 34

describe resin cement, use and market name

Answer 34

- highest stength and bond to tooth structure and some ceramic materials - light cure, chemical cure, dual cure - light cure cements are more color stable than dual cure cement - technique sensitive, expensive, can cause sensitivity

Question 35

clinical photography provides:

Answer 35

a visual record documenting and tracking the patients progress through the treatment plan

Question 36

what are the reasons for photography

Answer 36

- treatment planning - case documentation - legal proof - esthetic evaluation - self assessment - laboratory/specialist communication - marketing - photo galleries of cases - study groups, lectures, publications