FINAL

Question 1

What is an insulator?

Answer 1

A material with tightly bound valence electrons. It is difficult to make charge flow.

Question 2

What is charge polarization?

Answer 2

The charges in an object are separated by bringing another charged object nearby.

Question 3

What is induction?

Answer 3

Once an object is polarized, another object makes contact with one end, causing the positive and negative charges to fully separate

Question 4

What are electric field lines?

Answer 4

Continuous curves around an object emitting an electric field

Question 5

What are electric field vectors?

Answer 5

Lines tangent to the electric field lines

Question 6

In a sphere, why is R>r?

Answer 6

R is the distance from the centre of the sphere to the point of interest

Question 7

What is a uniform electric field?

Answer 7

The electric field has the same direction and magnitude at all points in space

Question 8

For a point to have constant acceleration what must be the behaviour of the electric field?

Answer 8

The electric field must be uniform

Question 9

What is the FIRST THING to make note of when dealing with particles inside electric fields?

Answer 9

Is the point charge positive or negative?

Question 10

When dealing with electrical potential energy, how do multiple charges interact?

Answer 10

You must take into account every pair of charges. All their interactions count.

Question 11

What is P in terms of a dipole?

Answer 11

P is the dipole moment of the dipole.
P= qs
P points from -q to +q

Question 12

What is the relationship between the energy of a dipole and its angle WRT the electric field?

Answer 12

At 0 degrees the dipole has minimum energy since it is in equilibrium.
At 180 degrees the dipole is in unstable equilibrium and therefore has maximum energy. (most unstable position)

Question 13

What is an electric potential?

Answer 13

The separation of positive and negative charges. The amount of work an electric field can potentially do.

Question 14

What is the unit for electric potential?

Answer 14

Volts, V [J/C]

Question 15

What is the main property of the electric potential?

Answer 15

It is a scalar. It has no direction.

Question 16

Properties of a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium

Answer 16

Inside, E=0 and ΔV=0
Acts as an equipotential surface
Magnitude of field greatest at corners

Question 17

What is capacitance?

Answer 17

The relationship between charge and potential difference

Question 18

What is the main function of a capacitor?

Answer 18

To store energy

Question 19

What bounds do you consider when finding E in a region of potential difference?

Answer 19

Only the bounds that the point finds itself within

Question 20

What is an equipotential surface?

Answer 20

The electric field points parallel to the surface at all points

Question 21

Where should an ammeter be in a circuit?

Answer 21

In between the battery and resistor

Question 22

What is the difference between an ideal battery and a real battery?

Answer 22

In an ideal battery, there is no resistance so ΔV = Epsilon
In a real battery ΔV = Epsilon - Ir

Question 23

What is a short circuit?

Answer 23

When an unintentional route becomes available to a circuit. This is bad since it could mean eliminating resistance.

Question 24

Where should a voltmeter be in a circuit?

Answer 24

In parallel to the circuit element being examined

Question 25

What does it mean to ground part of a circuit?

Answer 25

Anything that is connected to a ground wire has voltage V=0 (potential)

Question 26

What effect does a capacitor have on a circuit that is dissimilar to a battery?

Answer 26

As a capacitor provides energy to a circuit, the current will change over time depending on if the capacitor is charging or discharging

Question 27

What property do all magnets share?

Answer 27

Al magnets have north and south poles

Question 28

The earth's geographical north is actually...?

Answer 28

Its magnetic south

Question 29

Dots and X's indicate what in terms of magnetic fields?

Answer 29

Dot is out of the page X is into the page

Question 30

What is the primary requirement for a point charge to create a magnetic field?

Answer 30

The point charge must be moving

Question 31

Which side of a loop does the magnetic field enter/exit?

Answer 31

Exits on north side Enters on south side

Question 32

Why is a ring considered a dipole?

Answer 32

Inside the ring there is a magnetic field that points oppositely to the one on the outside

Question 33

What is the magnetic dipole moment? (μ)

Answer 33

Area of the dipole times the current (AI) Direction: From north to south

Question 34

For a point charge what condition must be met for a magnetic force to act upon it?

Answer 34

It must be moving

Question 35

When is the magnitude of the magnetic force the highest?

Answer 35

When the angle between the field and the velocity is equal to 90

Question 36

What is the velocity of a particle compared to the magnetic field while in cyclotron motion?

Answer 36

The velocity is perpendicular to the magnetic field in cyclotron motion

Question 37

Properties of induced currents

Answer 37

Only caused by a changing magnetic field/flux Only lasts for a brief moment

Question 38

What is magnetic flux?

Answer 38

The magnitude of the magnetic field entering / exiting a certain area (surface)

Question 39

What is the magnetic flux dependent on?

Answer 39

The angle between the magnetic field and the surface

Question 40

What is flux measured in?

Answer 40

Webers [wb] [TM^2]

Question 41

Which situations does Lenz's Law apply?

Answer 41

The magnetic field changes The area or the angle of the loop changes The loop enters or leaves a magnetic field

Question 42

What is Lenz's Law?

Answer 42

The idea that an induced current creates a magnetic field in order to counteract a change in flux

Question 43

What is inductance?

Answer 43

The ratio between flux and current

Question 44

Constant current means what in terms of an inductor?

Answer 44

No potential difference

Question 45

What happens to an inductor as current increases/decreases?

Answer 45

Increases: Current enters on more positive side, therefore Potential difference is negative Decreases: Current enters on more negative side, therefore potential difference is positive

Question 46

What is the primary property of an LC circuit?

Answer 46

The current and charge will oscillate

Question 47

An inductor can act as what when a battery is disconnected from an LR circuit?

Answer 47

The indcutor acts as a temporary battery (current decays until I=0)

Question 48

What is an inductor?

Answer 48

A coil of wire