Final

Question 1

_____ physical,mental,emotional,social changes from conception to death.

Answer 1

developmental psychology

Question 2

what is range of interest?

Answer 2

“womb to tomb”

Question 3

_____age of viability and survival.

Answer 3

at 24 weeks

Question 4

_____cause birth defects and/or developmental problems

Answer 4

teratogens

Question 5

teratogens:

Answer 5

ALCOHOL
-intellectual disabilities, low birth weight (LBW) 
CIGARETTE SMOKE
-LBW, still birth, miscarriage
- lasting cognitive delays
OVER THE COUNTER MEDS
- aspirin: prolonged labor, bleeding in mother and  baby
- acetaminohin and adhd

Question 6

what area of development did Piaget study?

Answer 6

A. How we understand the world is important.
B. Four stages:
-sensory motor: reflexive, symbolic, baby explore, make connections.
-pre operational: egoecentric
- concrete operational: logical, making sense.
- formal operational: thinking obstractly

Question 7

_____ attachment is an endearing emotional tie to someone(s), we seek closeness, need someone we can depend on

Answer 7

Attachment Theory

Question 8

John Bowlby dealt with…

Answer 8

orphans

Question 9

Mary Annsworth dealt with…

Answer 9

secure vs. insecure (the strange situation)

Question 10

Harry Hallow dealt with…

Answer 10

The monkey research

The monkey would go to the cloth to have a secure bond and warmth

Question 11

_____ how our thoughts, feelings, actions are influenced by others.

Answer 11

social pyschology

Question 12

_____ people seek casual explanations for behaviors.

Answer 12

attribution theory

Question 13

Attribution theory:

Answer 13

A. dis positional or situational
- personality or the little situation
B. Fundamental attribution error
-underestimating situational influences (for others)

Question 14

What is conformity?

Answer 14

Fitting in with the norm

Question 15

Solomon Asch…

Answer 15

study conformity

- took a group of people, and had two or three people act nieve

Question 16

Normative social influence?

Answer 16

to be liked

Question 17

Informational social influence?

Answer 17

others are better informed

Question 18

stanley milgrim studied…

Answer 18

obedience

• “everyday” people
• ‘teachers” and what they thought was a memory studied
• 65% rendured shocks of 450 volts to ‘learners”
• confirmed that anyone can cause pain and suffering to another person

Question 19

_____ prejudgments of individuals.

• beliefs, emotions, predespositions
• can lead to descriminating behaviors

Answer 19

prejudice

Question 20

Scapegoat Theory…

Answer 20

we look for individuals or “out groups” to blame

Question 21

_____ over generalized beliefs based on little or no evidence

Answer 21

stereotypes (can not be positive)

Question 22

_____ people are less likely to help when others are around.

Answer 22

bystander effect (1964- kitty genesovie)

Question 23

_____ characteristics pattern of the thinking and feeling

Answer 23

personality

Question 24

Pyscho dynamic perspective:

Answer 24

focuses on the unconscience mind (Sigmond Freud)

Question 25

Sigmond Freud used the iceberg analogy. What is iceberg analogy?

Answer 25

- Id-pleasure principal (anything that brings a person pleasure) - super ego- morals - ego- reality principal

Question 26

Freud's Psychosexual Stages- age and range- main body area focused

Answer 26

``` fixation can occur at any point - oral (first year): feeding - anal (toddlers): toilet training - phallic (early childhood): oedepius (electra) little boys in love with mom (little girls in love with dad) - latency (school aged): forgot oedipal desires develop reality principal -genital (adolescence): re emergence of sexual instinct ```

Question 27

_____ a focus on one particular erogenous zone of the body.

Answer 27

fixation

Question 28

_____ states that a set of meaningful and distinct personality dimensions can be used to describe how people differ from one another.

Answer 28

trait theory

Question 29

what was Rotter's basic idea ?

Answer 29

- cognitive | - associated with the locus of control.

Question 30

what is the Big 5 ? OCEAN?

Answer 30

personality factors. -often considered to be the basic traits under which all other aspects of personality fall. Openness to experience: from outgoing interested in new things to reserved & conforming. Conscientiousness: from organized & determined to careless. Extroversion: from preferring group activities to preferring more solitude, small groups. Agreeableness: from helpful and understanding to argumentative. Neurotic-ism: from instability to reserved, calm.

Question 31

_____ the study of disorders of mind, mood, and behavior.

Answer 31

abnormal psychology.

Question 32

_____ a condition in which a person suffers from two or more mental disorders.

Answer 32

comorbidity

Question 33

_____ harmful dysfunction with unjustifiable behavior on four basic criteria.

Answer 33

psychological disorders

Question 34

4 basic standard:

Answer 34

``` A. statistical infrequency (atypical) B. disability or dysfunction (maladaptive) - loss of normal functioning C. personal distress (disturbing) D. Violation of norms ```

Question 35

____ hallucinations, dullisons, inappropriate.

Answer 35

schizophrenia

Question 36

______ a mental disorder in which a person feels anxious all the time without any identifiable reason.

Answer 36

anxiety disorder

Question 37

_____ a mental dis order in which a person regularly experiences emotional extremes.

Answer 37

mood disorder

Question 38

anxiety disorders:

Answer 38

- muscle tension - irritability - difficulty sleeping - occasional gastrointestinal

Question 39

mood disorders:

Answer 39

DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS: characterized by prolonged or extreme periods of depression. BIPOLAR DISORDERS: characterized by alternating episodes of depression and mania.

Question 40

Treatments for disorders would be ?

Answer 40

- antidepressants - cognitive therapy - electroconvulsive therapy

Question 41

what are the major psychotherapies?

Answer 41

1. psychoanalysis (insight into unconscious origins; free assoociation freud) 2. humanistic (conscious, growth, alertness, "psychological mirror") 3. behavior therapy (learning principles; counterconditioning) 4. cognitive therapies ("thinking colors feelings")

Question 41

what are the major psychotherapies?

Answer 41

1. psychoanalysis (insight into unconscious origins; free assoociation freud) 2. humanistic (conscious, growth, alertness, "psychological mirror") 3. behavior therapy (learning principles; counterconditioning) 4. cognitive therapies ("thinking colors feelings")

Question 42

who used free association?

Answer 42

Freud

Question 42

who used free association?

Answer 42

Freud

Question 43

_____ when allowing the patient speak for themselves instead of just saying what the psychologist believes.

Answer 43

free association

Question 43

_____ when allowing the patient speak for themselves instead of just saying what the psychologist believes.

Answer 43

free association

Question 44

which psychotherapy is the best ?

Answer 44

no one is the best; they all offer benefits, it just depends on the disorder.

Question 44

which psychotherapy is the best ?

Answer 44

no one is the best; they all offer benefits, it just depends on the disorder.

Question 45

_____ the neurosurgical treatment of mental disorders.

Answer 45

psychosurgery

Question 45

_____ the neurosurgical treatment of mental disorders.

Answer 45

psychosurgery

Question 46

_____ antipsychotics, anti-anxiety drugs & antidepressants. Its the efftect drugs have on moods, sensation, thinking, and behavior.

Answer 46

psychopharmacology

Question 46

_____ antipsychotics, anti-anxiety drugs & antidepressants. Its the efftect drugs have on moods, sensation, thinking, and behavior.

Answer 46

psychopharmacology

Question 47

what are the major psychotherapies?

Answer 47

1. psychoanalysis (insight into unconscious origins; free assoociation freud) 2. humanistic (conscious, growth, alertness, "psychological mirror") 3. behavior therapy (learning principles; counterconditioning) 4. cognitive therapies ("thinking colors feelings")

Question 48

who used free association?

Answer 48

Freud

Question 49

_____ when allowing the patient speak for themselves instead of just saying what the psychologist believes.

Answer 49

free association

Question 50

which psychotherapy is the best ?

Answer 50

no one is the best; they all offer benefits, it just depends on the disorder.

Question 51

_____ the neurosurgical treatment of mental disorders.

Answer 51

psychosurgery

Question 52

_____ antipsychotics, anti-anxiety drugs & antidepressants. Its the efftect drugs have on moods, sensation, thinking, and behavior.

Answer 52

psychopharmacology