Final Flashcards
(57 cards)
What does denaturation do to the protein?
Changes the shape of the protein and decreases the solubility of the protein.
When cooked or agitated, proteins undergo physical changes called _____ and coagulation
Denaturation
Monosaccharides v. Disaccharide v. Polysaccharide
Monosaccharide- simplest carbohydrate molecules, also called simple sugar, abundant in plants and animals, ex. Glucose and fructose
Disaccharide- 2 simple sugars as a the result of a condensation reaction ( the cyclic forms of two simple sugars can be linked by a means of condensation reaction), ex. Sucrose or table sugar
Polysaccharide- polymers produced by the linkage of many monosaccharide monomers, ex. Starches consist of glucose monomers
Monosaccharides
Monosaccharide- simplest carbohydrate molecules, also called simple sugar, abundant in plants and animals, ex. Glucose and fructose
Disaccharide
Disaccharide- 2 simple sugars as a the result of a condensation reaction ( the cyclic forms of two simple sugars can be linked by a means of condensation reaction), ex. Sucrose or table suga
Polysaccharide
Polysaccharide- polymers produced by the linkage of many monosaccharide monomers, ex. Starches consist of glucose monomers
What functional group has a carbon backbone?
Aldehyde functional group
What functional group had a cyclic form?
Ketone functional group
What is a functional group?
Portion of a molecule that is a recognizable group of bound atoms
What does the functional group to the molecule?
Chemical properties
A student is preparing to run in a school track competition. For the quickest source of energy, the student should eat a high percentage of A. Carbohydrates B. Fat C. Proteins D. Sodium
A. Carbohydrates
Which of the following are the blocks of catalase? A. Monosaccharides B. Nucleic acids C. Vitamins D. Amino acids
D. Amino acids
Which of the following is a lipid? A. Cholesterol B. Cellulose C. Glucose D. Protein
A. Cholesterol
The structure if which molecule contains a glycerol backbone? A. Protein B. Carbohydrate C. Nucleus Acid D. Lipid
D. Lipid
Which organic compound undergoes partial chemical digestion in the human mouth? A carbohydrates B fats C proteins D amino acids
A carbohydrates
NH2 is an
Amino group
Starch and glycogen are examples of a group of compounds classified as A peptides B polypeptides C disaccharide D polysaccharide
D polysaccharide
Starch molecules are hydrolyzed into smaller units known as A peptides B polypeptides C disaccharides D polysaccharides
D polysaccharides
In humans, the chemical digestion of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates is completed in the A stomach B pancreas C small intestine D large intestine
C small intestine
Which of the following is the correct combination if processes that procedures and uses ATP? A condensation & hydrolysis B catabolism & anabolism C metabolism & anabolism D synthesis & hydrolysis
B catabolism & anabolism
What is the main reason free radicals cause cellular damage? A strip electrons from molecules B alter the cell membrane C change the function of molecules D result if pollution
A strip electrons from molecules
Which of the following categories of organic molecules is correctly paired with one of its functions?
A. Nucleus acids- digest dead cells
B lipids - give quick energy to cells
C carbohydrates - store genetic information
D proteins - provide structure in skin, hair and nails
D proteins - provide structure in skin, hair and nails
There are many different enzymes located in the cytoplasm of a single cell. How is a specific enzyme able to catalyze a specific reaction?
A different enzymes are synthesized in specific areas of cytoplasm
B most enzymes can catalyze many different reaction
C an enzyme binds to a specific substrate for the reaction catalyze
D enzymes are transported to a specific substrates by ribosomes
C an enzyme binds to a specific substrate for the reaction catalyze
In the human body, fibrinogen is necessary for dealing cuts and stopping the loss of blood. Since fibrinogen is made of chains of amino acids , it is an example of which type of organic molecule? A carbohydrate B protein C fatty acid D nucleic acid
B protein
