Final 3

Question 1

What type of cells do you see in aspiration pneumonia?

Answer 1

Giant cells

Question 2

Pontiac fever

Answer 2

Legionella

Question 3

Foamy macrophages filling alveoli

Answer 3

Legionella

Question 4

Hyponatremia, neurologic symptoms, & abdominal pain are suggestive of what?

Answer 4

Legionella

Question 5

What is like a GNB but has no cell wall?

Answer 5

mycoplasma

Question 5

Has reticulate body, elementary body life cycle

Answer 5

chlamydia

Question 6

Cell mediated immunity is defective in what?

Answer 6

AIDS
Lymphomas
Organ transplant recipients
Pts on corticosteroid therapy

Question 7

Bilateral infiltrates in perihilar region (butterfly)

Answer 7

Pneumocystis jirovecci

Question 8

Modified acid fast stain

Answer 8

for Nocardia

Question 9

2 types of humoral immune deficiency

Answer 9

Hypogammaglobulinemia

Asplenia

Question 10

Humoral immune deficiency –> what pathogens?

Answer 10

Encapsulated bacteria:
Strep pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningiditis

Question 11

Areas of innate immunity deficiency:

Answer 11

Neutrophils (deficiency or defect)
Complement
Antimicrobial peptides

Question 12

What causes a neutrophil defect?

Answer 12

chronic granulomatous disease

Question 13

Mycobacterium stain

Answer 13

Ziehl-Neelsen acid fast stain

Question 14

Caridnal findings of leprosy

Answer 14

infiltrative skin lesions
hypoesthesia
peripheral neuropathy

Question 15

Dimorphic fungi

Answer 15

yeasts at body temp

Hyphal form in nature

Question 16

3 most common causes of pleural effusion

Answer 16

CHF - 500k
Bacterial pneumonia - 300k
Cancer - 200k

Question 17

Pleural effusion physical exam findings

Answer 17

Reduced tactile fremitus
dull or flat note on percussion
diminished or absent breath sounds on ascultation

Question 18

SARS is caused by which virus?

Answer 18

Coronavirus

Question 19

What can resemble strep throat?

Answer 19

Viral pharyngitis with adenovrius

Question 20

Flu symptoms

Answer 20

Abrupt onset of fever
severe headache
muscle ache
extreme exhaustion

Question 21

Adamantane adverse reactions

Answer 21

Anticholinergic (dry mouth, pupillary dilation, toxic)

Central nervous system toxicity

Question 22

Acyclovir adverse reaction

Answer 22

generally well tolerated

reversible renal dysfuntino in 5% treated with high doses for HSV encephalitis due to tubular precipitation of acyclovir

Question 22

Cidofovir adverse effects

Answer 22

nephrotoxicity

drug is concentrated 100 fold in renal tubular cell

Question 23

Foscarnet adverse reactions

Answer 23

impaired renal function, generally reversible, is the most common dose limiting side effect anemia is seen in 20-50% of pts

Question 23

Erythromycin adverse effects

Answer 23

GI hearing loss possible prolongation of QT & torsade de pointe thrombophlebitis

Question 24

Tetracycline elimination

Answer 24

All kidney, except doxycycline

Question 25

Which are the anti-pseudomonal beta lactams?

Answer 25

``` piperacillin aztreonam carbapenem cefipime ceftazidime ```

Question 26

3 most common malignancies that cause pleural effusion

Answer 26

breast, lung, lymphoma

Question 27

Modified wells, levels:

Answer 27

0-1 --> low 2-6 --> moderate 7 & up --> high

Question 28

Wells criteria, levels

Answer 28

0 - low 1-2 - moderate 3 & up - high

Question 29

Which are the anti-pseudomonal beta lactams?

Answer 29

``` piperacillin aztreonam carbapenem cefipime ceftazidime ```

Question 30

3 most common malignancies that cause pleural effusion

Answer 30

breast, lung, lymphoma

Question 31

Modified wells, levels:

Answer 31

0-1 --> low 2-6 --> moderate 7 & up --> high

Question 32

Wells criteria, levels

Answer 32

0 - low 1-2 - moderate 3 & up - high