final Flashcards
(27 cards)
This is an anxiety disorder in which people have unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions).
OCD
This is a problem of not being able to focus, being overactive, not being able control behavior or a combination of these. For these problems to be diagnosed they must be out of the normal range for a person’s age and development.
ADHD
What are the three Ds of psychological disorders
• Deviance - Behaviors, thoughts, or
feelings deviate from the norm
• Dysfunctionality (Maladaptiveness) -
Behaviors, thoughts, or feelings interfere
with effective functioning in society
• Distress - Behaviors, thoughts, or feelings
are personally distressing.
This is a sudden episode of intense fear that triggers severe physical reactions when there is no real danger or apparent cause
Panic attack
this is characterized by persistent, excessive, and unrealistic worry about everyday things. People with the disorder, which is also referred to as GAD, experience exaggerated worry and tension, often expecting the worst, even when there is no apparent reason for concern.
General Anxiety
is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest.
Depression
This is the standard classification of mental disorders used by mental health professionals in the United States. It is intended to be applicable in a wide array of contexts and used by clinicians and researchers of many different orientations (e.g., biological, psychodynamic, cognitive, behavioral, interpersonal, family/systems)
The DSM manual
This is a type of anxiety disorder. It can occur after you have gone through an extreme emotional trauma that involved the threat of injury or death.
Posttraumatic stress disorder
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Delusions. These are false beliefs that are not based in reality. …
Hallucinations. These usually involve seeing or hearing things that don’t exist. …
Disorganized thinking (speech). …
Extremely disorganized or abnormal motor behavior. …
Negative symptoms.
are the most common forms of psychiatric illness, surpassing the rates of mood disorders and substance abuse.
phobias
This is a genetic characteristic which influences the possible phenotypic development of an individual organism within a species or population under the influence of environmental conditions.
Genetic disposition Influence
The concept of reinforcement is that the reinforcer should provide motivation for the behavior to be repeated. In the context of operant conditioning, This means that a behavior is being reinforced on an inconsistent schedule. ‘Interval’ refers to the passage of time between reinforcement.
Variable schedule
an extreme or irrational fear of or aversion to something
Phobias
A system for temporarily storing and managing information required to carry out complex cognitive tasks such as learning, reasoning, and comprehension. This is involved in the selection, initiation, and termination of information-processing functions such as encoding, storing and retrieving data.
Short term memory
The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences
Long term memory
The process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life
Imprinting
The processing of information into the memory system- for example, by extracting meaning
Encoding
The process of getting information out of memory storage
Retrieving
The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information
Memory
A tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence
Confirmation bias
A tendency to be more confident than correct to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgments
Overconfidence
estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory if instances come readily to mind perhaps because of their vividness we presume such events are common
Availability heuristic
A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill such as in computation of drawing
Savant syndrome
Early speech stage in which a child speaks like telegram “go car” using mostly nouns and verbs
Telegraphic speech
