Final Flashcards
(151 cards)
1
Q
Crescendo
A
Gradually louder
2
Q
Diminuendo
A
Getting softer
3
Q
Double stop
A
Producing 2 notes at one time
4
Q
Dynamics
A
Degree of loudness or softness in music
5
Q
Forte
A
Italian word for loud
6
Q
Largo
A
Italian word used in music to indicate very slow, broad tempo
7
Q
Piano
A
Italian word for soft
8
Q
Pitch
A
The relative highness or lowness we hear in a sound
9
Q
Pizzicato
A
Playing a string instrument by plucking the strings
10
Q
Presto
A
Italian word used in music to indicate a very slow, broad temp
11
Q
Saxophone
A
Woodwind instrument not usually found in an orchestra
12
Q
Soprano
A
High female voice
13
Q
Tenor
A
High male voice
14
Q
Timbre
A
The specific tone color of an instrument
15
Q
Vibration
A
Necessary for the production of any sound
16
Q
Violin
A
The highest pitched string instrument
17
Q
T/ F. The primary diff between a band and an orchestra is that the orchestra has string instruments
A
True
18
Q
T/ F. In general, the smaller an instrument, the higher is its pitch; the larger an instrument, the lower is its pitch
A
True
19
Q
All woodwind instruments are made of wood
A
False
20
Q
T/ F. A440 is the standard pitch in this country
A
True
21
Q
Plus is often used by composers to catalogue their compositions
A
True
22
Q
Which instrument is referred to as the king of instruments?
A
Organ
23
Q
Bass drum
A
Percussion
24
Q
Cello
A
String
25
Clarinet
Woodwind
26
Cymbals
Percussion
27
Flute
Woodwind
28
Violin
String
29
Harpsichord
Keyboard
30
Oboe
Woodwind
31
French horn
Brass
32
Organ
Keyboard
33
Triangle
Percy
34
Trombone
Bass
35
Trumpet
Brass
36
Marimba
Percussion
37
An example of a double reed instrument is the
Bassoon
38
The American composer known as the "march king" is
Sousa
39
When an accented note comes where we normally don't expect it
Syncopation
40
The regular, steady pulsation underlying a piece of music is called
Beat
41
The flow of music thru time; the arrangement of various note lengths is called
Rhythm
42
The organization of pulses into regular groups
Meter
43
The number of keys on a standard piano is
108
44
Texture of a single melodic line w/o accompaniment
Monophonic
45
Presentation of a melodic idea by one line of music (voice or instrument ) that is immediately followed by its repetition by another voice or instrument as in singing a round
Imitation
46
A chordal texture in which notes typically move together, much as a melody with chords
Homophobic
47
Basic pitched of a piece of music arranged from high to low
Scale
48
Shifting from one key to another win thin the same piece of music
Modulation
49
Two-part form
Binary form
50
Three part form represented as statement (a) contrast (b) and return (a)
Ternary form
51
The organization of musical elements in time that give a sense of shape and structure to a piece of music
Form
52
The central note and scale around which practically all familiar melodies are built
Key
53
Music base on minor scales and chords tends to sound serious or melancholy and "darker" than music based on major scales and chords
True
54
Repetition, contrast, and variety are the essential compositional techniques for music, whether a short folk song or an extended symphony
True
55
Polyphonic texture refers to the combination of two or more melodic lines
True
56
The two fundamental scale patterns in western music are major and minor
True
57
In the farandole from l'arlesienne suite, no. 2, the violas imitated the violins playing the march theme creating a
Polyphonic texture
58
In the opening of farandole from l'arlesienne suite no. 2 the full orchestra played the March them with all playing the same rhythm as the melody. This produced a
Homophobic texture
59
At the end of farandole from l'arlesienne suit no. 2 the dance theme and the March theme were played at the same time. This produced a
Polyphonic texture
60
The typical Protestant hymn is in a
Homophobic texture
61
A single line Gregorian chant sung in unison by monks is
Monophonic texture
62
Accelerando
A gradual quickening of the speed of the music
63
Ww1
1914-1918
64
WW2
1941-1945
65
Great Depression started
1929
66
Assassination of JFK
1963
67
Monet, Pissarro, and Renoir are representatives of
Impressionist painters
68
What songs were written by Claude Debussy?
Afternoon of a faun
Clair de lune
Pelleas et melisande
69
What are characteristics of impressionistic music?
Vague pulse, avoidance of recurring strong accents
| Fluid movement with a "misty" atmosphere and a lush, sensuous sound
70
Which of the following are true with regard to Bolero?
Written for orchestra
Has a rhythmic patter, played by the snare drum, that is repeated over and over throughout the piece
Consists of one long, very gradual crescendo
71
A leading city for the 20th century culture was
New York
72
Characteristics of 20th century music included
Unpredictable rhythms, rapidly changing meters, and irregular beats
New chord structures and new ways to organize pitches
Unusual tone colors and new sound sources
73
The center of Impressionism was London
False
74
Bolero originated as a Broadway show
False
75
Stravinskys rite of spring was such a radical change from the musical norm that a riot broke out at its premier in Paris
True
76
In the early 20th century many radio networks formed their own orchestras; one of the best-known was the NBC symphony conducted by Arturo Toscanini
True
77
The movement in late 19th century literature which emphasized fluidity, suggestion, and the outlet sonorous effects of words was symbolism
True
78
Dictatorships, persecution, and the onset of ww2 led to the largest migration of artists and intellectuals in history and many composers such as Stravinsky left Europe for the U.S.
True
79
The impressionist movement for its name from a Viennese comic strip
False
80
A short musical section (motive, phrase, rhythmic pattern) repeated over and over the ought a section of music is
Ostinato
81
Stravinsky was born in?
Russia
82
Which of the Leung is not a characteristic of neoclassicism?
A. Forms and stylistic features of earlier periods
B. Whole tone scales
C. Use of the twelve tone system
D. Weird combinations of instruments
A
83
Stravinskys opportunity to "hit it bug@ in the artistic world of the early 20th century came from musical commissions by
Diaghilev, director of Russian ballet
84
Who composed bolero
Ravel
85
What are LPs?
Long-playing records
86
Because Debussy prelude a l'apres-midi d'un faune musically depicts the story of Stephen mallarme's poem with the same name, it's considered an example of
Absolute music
87
Which of the following is not a characteristic of musical expressionism?
A. Harsh dissonance and fragmentation
B. Brevity
C. Unusual instrumental and vocal effects
D. Tonality and traditional consonant chord progressions
D
88
Sprechstimme used in shoenburgs Pierrot lunaire is
Vocal performance halfway between speaking and singing
89
The twelve-tone system of composition in which all twelve notes are given equal importance, was developed by
Shoenburg
90
The impressionist movement was ventures primarily in France and the expressionist movement was largely in
Germany and Austria
91
Expressionist painters, writers, and composers used _______ to assault and shock their audience
Deliberate distortions
92
Which of the following terms is not used to describe the special ordering of the twelve chromatic tones in twelve-tone composition?
Consonance
93
Two students of shoenburg both born in Vienna as was their teacher:
Beth and Webern
94
Which of the following is not rude of bergs opera wozzeck?
A. Tells a "happily ever after" story
B. Music for each science is a self-contained composition with a particular form or of a definite type
C. Atonal
D. A tragedy
A
95
The first part of sonata-allegro form which presents the main themes is called the
Exposition
96
The past part of sonato-allegro form which bring back material from the opening is called
Recapitulation
97
"Emancipation of dissonance" a phrase describing a characteristic of much 20th century music was coined by
Shoenburg
98
Bella bartok
Born in Hungary and fathered authentic folk melodies in his research becoming a leading authority on the peasant music of the Magyars, Romanians, and Slovaks, among others
He emigrated to the U.S. B/c he feared Germany would take over Hungary and he couldn't live and work as a musician in such circumstances
After the nazis annexed Austria, he refused to let his music be preformed in Germany or on any radio station that could be heard in Germany or Italy
His best known and most popular work is his concerto for orchestra
99
Concerto for orchestra
Commissioned by serge koussevitzky conductor of the Boston symphony orchestra for $1000
Showpiece for an orchestra of virtuosos & the title reflects the works "tendency to treat the single orchestral instruments in a concertante or soloist uc manner"
First movement is in sonata allegro form
100
Bartoks music uses folk elements is characterized by a powerful beat and changing meters and uses classical forms
True
101
In alban bergs wozzeck, the lead character, a soldier, stabs his young son to death
False
102
Shoenburgs a survivor from Warsaw uses 3 langs: English, German, and Hebrew
The scream by Edward much is typical ex of expressionist art W/it's grotesque shapes and jarring colors
103
Man landed on moon
1969
104
Assassination of mlk
1968
105
As a soviet composer shostakovich was required to
Follow the dictates of the communist party
Write music that was accessible and melodic
Reject modernism
106
After graduating from Yale, Charles Ives became wealthy from
Running an insurance business
107
William grant still's Afro-American symphony
Has lines from a poem by Paul Laurence Dunbar prefacing each movement
Was the first composition by a black composer performed by a major American symphony orchestra
108
The composer of the popular songs swanee, stairway to paradise, the man I love and I got rhythm was
George Gershwin
109
The first African American opera performed by a major opera company was
Still's troubled island
110
Tim pan alley is the name for an early 20th century
Manhattan neighborhood for the center of the popular music business
111
George gershwins rhapsody in blue
Opens with a solo clarinet
Was commissioned by Paul whiteman for a concert interned to prove that jazz merited serious attention
Features the piano
112
After her marriage, Amy beach, the first American woman to achieve
Limited her appearances and donated her fees to charity b/c her sounds believed that the husband should be the sole support of his wife
113
Composers in the 2nd half of the 20th century were hesitant to try new ideas in music composition, producing only one style of music
False
114
John cages piece, 4'33" requires the performer not to make a sound for 4 mins and 33 seconds; the "music" one hears consists of the incidental sounds produced by the audience and its surroundings
True
115
A major composer associated with the serialist movement is
George crumb
116
Music presented together with visual counterparts such as slide projects, films, light shows, gestures, and/or theatrical action is an ex. Of a
Mixed media presentation
117
"Liberation of sound"
Is the right to make music with any and all sounds
Is a phrase coined by Edgar's varese
Allows greater use of noiselike sounds
118
The most famous and influential created of chance music was
John cage
119
In class we listened to an excerpt from a movie soundtrack by this major composer associated with minimalism
George gershwin
120
The famous composition teacher in Paris in the early twentieth century was
Nadia Boulanger
121
Copland write the ballet score for Appalachian spring for the notes modern dancer and choreographer
Martha graham
122
Which of the following was not written by Copland?
The ballet billy the kid
123
Simple gifts, used in Appalachian spring, is an
Shaker hymn tune
124
The malambo is a dance
For men only
Has complex steps
Performed by the gaucho
125
West African musical elements brought in by slaves, the American band tradition, ragtime, and Blues were among the major roots of
Jazz
126
Who wrote Memphis Blues and st. Louis Blues
William c handy
127
Jazz music
Has been called an American art
Is a major contribution of American black men to contemporary culture
Is a players art because it involved much improvisation
128
The "king of ragtime" the most well-known ragtime pianist from around the turn of the century and composer of pieces such as maple leaf rag is
Scot joplin
129
When one voice is answered by an instrument or one instrument/ group is answered by a another instrument/ group, we have
Call and response
130
The most famous blues singer of the 1920s known as "empress of the blues" was
Bessie smith
131
Ragtime flourished in the U.S. During
The 1890s to about 1915
132
The prepared piano was invented by
John cage
133
Piazzola played a squealed accordion used in tango bands. It is called a
Bandoneon
134
An extended melody sung w/o a text, only on vowels, is a
Vocalize
135
Yo-yo ma a well-known contemporary musician, plays the
Cello
136
Astor pianola, like with Aaron Copland and Philip glass, studied composition in Paris with the famous 20th century composition teacher
Nadia Boulanger
137
The musical style from the early 1940s to the middle 1950s which used small groups, emphasized virtuoso playing, used richer cords, was more sophisticated and intellectual than swing, and was performed In a relatively subdued manner was
Bebop
138
Who was abandoned by his father at birth, raised in the red-light district of New Orleans, and learned to play corner/ trumpet in a reform school?
Louis Armstrong
139
Bebop
MeAnt for attentive listening, not dancing
Rebelled against commercialism and the written arrangements of swing bands
Played by small groups of musicians who frequently differentiated themselves by their goatees, berets? And special "hip" Lang.
140
What great jazz improviser and sax player was nicknamed "bird"?
Charlie Parker
141
Some of the leading bebop musicians in the early 1940s were
Charlie Parker, thelonious monk, and dizzy Gillespie
142
The name be-bop came from
Syllables used to scar sing the rhythm and melody of a bop tune
143
The "front line" of a Dixieland group included the
Melody instruments (clarinet, trumpet, trombone)
144
Another name for swing music is
Big band
145
Scat singing which Louis Armstrong introduced into jazz is
Vocalization of the melody with nonsense syllables
146
A jazz group which needed composed/ arranged music b/c of its large # of musicians was
Dixieland
147
The decade known as the swing era was
1935-1945
148
Many New Orleans Dixieland style musicians moved to Chicago after 1917 b/c
The night clubs in story vile were closed by the war department
149
The jazz style that was related to bop but was far calmer and more relaxed in character was
Cool jazz
150
The "king of swing" was
Benny goodman
151
The influence of rock music on jazz led to a new style combining the jazz musicians improvisatory approach with the rhythms and tone colors of rock. This style was called
Fusion
