Flashcards in Final Deck (101)
Loading flashcards...
1
Stonehenge
Megaliths; post and lintel construction; England 2000 BCE
2
In profile
Face from the side; found in Egyptian Art
3
Hierarchical scale
More important is bigger; found in Egyptian Art
4
Greek sculpture
Acropolis (Akros=top, polis=city); Hellenialism (spread of Greek sculpture); 600 BCE-480 BCE went from primitive to advanced; leaning sculptures on one foot (contrapposto); sculptures contain realism and emotion
5
Byzantine Art: San Vitale
Ravenna, Italy; built by Emporer Justinian
Circular structure, central dome, elaborate interior mosaics
6
Byzantine Art: Theodora and her attendants
In San Vitale; life size mosaic; flat; non-expressive; facing forward
7
Byzantine Art: Hagia Sophia
Istanbul 532-537 by Emporer Justinian
Central some on pendentives, half domes, mosaics (later destroyed by iconoclasts)
1453: became a mosque
8
Byzantine Art: great mosque of Damascus
705-16
Elaborate column because built around courtyard of Byzantine church
9
Mosaic
Little pieces of glass/stone glued together like a puzzle; found in Byzantine Art
10
Triumphal Arch
Arch to celebrate somebody's triumph; ride through it when back from battle
Arch of Titus, arch of Constantine, found in roman art
11
Renaissance
Rebirth; revival of interests in arts and sciences
12
Humanism
The era of the individual; we are all unique/special/powerful; idea of human greatness; see in Renaissance
13
Naturalism
Naturalistic expression with emotion; see in Renaissance
14
Emotion
Start to see again in Renaissance
15
Leonardo da Vinci
Original Renaissance man; multitalented (anatomy, engineer, artist); The last supper, Mona Lisa
16
Michaelangelo
Renaissance; Sistine chapel- book of genesis on ceiling; "The creation"; 10 years "The Last judgement" with mannerism, dramatic, chaotic
17
David sculptures
Early Renaissance: Donatello (bronze, small, just starting to show emotion)
High Renaissance: Michaelangelo (marble, huge, beautiful, perfection, more detail/muscles/expression)
Baroque: Bernini (marble, huge, high drama, dynamic, every side is interesting)
18
Baroque style
High drama, value, contrast, puts you in the action; sculpture displays in all places, twisting bodies displayed just above you
19
Peter Paul Rubens
Baroque; "disembarkment of Marie de Medici"; sensuous, colorful, full of movement; "The three graces"
20
Roccoco
Flowery; graceful, jocular; sensual, soft, flowing forms reflect decadence of elite
21
Elizabeth Vigee-Lebrum
Roccoco; soft-sensual portraits commissioned by Marie Antoinette to improve her public image
22
Neo-classical
More serious/formal, looking straight at profile, all very stable, seriousness of purpose, influence of Ancient Greece/rome, detail in anatomy
23
Jacques louis David
Oath of the horati; painted to influence French Revolution
24
Romanticism in Landscape
Turner: The Slave Ship; Snowstorm Hannibal crossing the Alps; the sublime (create a sense of power and awe), nature demonstrates gods power; color and texture more important than detail/realistic; dense, dreamy, hazy atmosphere
25
Romanticism in America
Bierstadt: Among the Sierra Nevada Mountains; Westward expansion/Manifest Destiny; images of American wilderness to put human existence into perspective; inspire national pride and justify expansion
26
Romanticism in Narrative
Géricualt: The Raft of the Medusa; dark, dramatic, passionate; combine fantasy and reality; epic scenes of true or imagined events; lighting and shadows used for emphasis
27
Lascaux Cave
Hall of the Bulls; layers of animals; 3 horses facing each other; ca 15000 BCE France
28
Realism
Typical, everyday life; common human experience; not heavily symbolic; accurate observation; value and texture
29
Courbet
Realist; burial at ornans; the stone breakers
30
Daumier
Realist; the third class carriage; emphasis on working class, classical model cannot express realities of life
31
Édouard Manet
Realistic, sincere, representative of social class- different classes of Parisian society; bridged gap between realism and Impressionism; confrontational gaze, flattened space and figures; references earlier Renaissance with contemporary figures; Luncheon on the Grass, Pastoral Sympathy, Olympia, balcony
32
Impressionism
Intuitive and spontaneous; color and light; soft brushwork; plein-air; artists impression is most important- capture the impression of the image in the movement
33
Edgar degas
Impressionist; influenced by photography- capturing a moment in time, framing everyday life, especially working class: The glass of absinthe; the dancing class
34
Claude Monet
impressionist; impression sunrise, the four trees
35
Pointillism
Post-Impressionism, lots of dots mixed, Seurat
36
Cubism
Reduced natural form into basic geometric parts; show multiple, simultaneous perspectives
37
Picasso
Cubist; collage, guernica
38
Braque
Cubist; collages
39
Fauvism
Emphasis on unnatural color and value; inspired by Post-Impressionism; Les Fauves=wild beasts because wild colors used
40
Matisse
Fauvism; used blue to signify distance and volume; later was bed ridden so did paper cut outs
41
Dada
Based in cubism and abstraction; anti-art, avant-garde, experimental, innovative, conceptual; pivotal for placing ready mades in a gallery setting
42
Duchamp
Urinal, Mona Lisa with mustache
43
Surrealism
Unnerving, illogical scenes painted with photographic precision; dreams, hallucinations, questioning reality
44
Dali
Surrealism; influenced by Renaissance and Freud
45
Magritte
Realism; nothing is as it seems
46
Abstract expressionism
Action painting to express how artist feels or views the world; influenced by WW2 and previous artists
47
DeKooning
Abstract expressionism; gestural, thick painting; layers
48
Jackson Pollock
Abstract expressionism; dripped and splattered paintings, many layers, gestural, house paint, very physical painter
49
Pop art
Focusing on popular visual culture; transforming the everyday into icons
50
Andy Warhol
Fame; objects, death "15 minutes of fame" "I want to be a machine"
51
Robert Rauschenberg
Bridging the gap between Abstract expressionism, pop art and minimalism; radical blending of materials (collage, assemblage)
52
Barbara Kruger
Feminism in art; combining text and image to deal with issues of power, identity, sexuality, gender and consumerism; limited color schemes and graphic quality allow for confrontational message
53
Cindy Sherman
Photographs herself in many identities; gender is an unstable and constructed position; encourages self reflection in the viewer
54
Assemblage
Challenges stereotypes of African Americans and women in particular
55
Betye Saar
Uses assemblage for African American stereotypes
56
David Hammons
Assemblage and body prints; addresses African American struggle for equality
57
Faith Ringgold
Protests racism, questions american identity and equality
58
Earthworks
Large scale outdoor environments; influenced by Native American earthworks; temporal works, ephemeral, vulnerable, circles and cycles
59
Robert smithson
Earthworks
60
Richard long
Earthworks
61
Post-modernism
Mixing media, techniques, imagery; and influences; borrowing and recycling images and concepts into something new
62
Yasumasu Morimura
Post-modernist; Performance and photography; challenging culture, gender, and art norms
63
Appropriations
Taking cues from former works; post-modern
64
Viewer experience
Manipulated space, sound, light to transform perception of a site
65
Installation
Breaking away from traditional 2D work and inventing the public to share intentions and emotions as a physical experience
66
James turrell
Installations; physical and physiological effects of light
67
Anne Hamilton
Installation; sound, light, movement invite visitors to work publicly and intimately
68
Line
Posses direction, can divide or connect
69
Contour line
Outside and inside
70
Cross contour line
Use lines to show round
71
Volumetric
Helps you see volume
72
Implied line
Hinted at
73
Qualities of lines
Expressive, autographic, gestural
74
Space
Positive: thing it's a picture of
Negative: all the stuff around it
75
Primary colors
Red, yellow, blue
76
Secondary colors
Orange, green, violet
77
Tertiary colors
Yellow-green, blue-green, blue-violet, red-violet, red-orange, yellow-orange
78
Complementary color
Lie opposite on color wheel
79
Analogous color
Neighbor each other on color wheel
80
Local color
What something is in real life
81
Perceptual color
Based off conditions at that moment
82
Arbitrary color
Whatever color the painter wants
83
Value
The relative lightness/darkness of an object/area
84
Tint
Hue + white
85
Shade
Hue + black
86
Intensity
Relative brightness/dullness
87
Texture
Surface quality of a work
88
Pattern
A repetitive motif or design
89
Motif
A single design of a pattern
90
Time/motion
Sequence of action; illusion of movement
91
Balance
Even distribution of weight in a composition
92
Absolute symmetry
When each side is exactly the same
93
Bilateral symmetry
Minor discrepancies but still symmetry
94
Symmetrical
Can draw a line down the middle
95
Asymmetrical
Balance achieved but lacks symmetry
96
Emphasis/focal point
Draws in viewers attention
97
Rhythm/repetition
Elements repeated
98
Unity
Tied together
99
Variety
Some contrast/focal point
100
Art criticism steps
1. Reaction
2. Description
3. Interpretation
4. Evaluation
101
