Final Flashcards
(26 cards)
How can we verify that the imperative is universally binding
Consulting past experiences of what it means to be a human who has basic rights
Language and reason
How can we verify that we can freely choose to obey the imperative
Times that we have chosen to disobey the imperative and felt guilty
According to optimists
Where does the energy come from required for consciousness after death
Contemp physics
M=mc^2
Matter is concentrated energy
Humans made of matter
How do philosophers understand the relationship between happiness and pleasure
Humans need pleasure to be happy but too much will become destructive and lead to misery and guilt
What is the fundamental task of every human and how do we learn about this obligation
To create an authentic identity and complete the maturation process
Learned through experience
Define contemporary monism
Body and spit are 2 forms of one basic thing
Define Ockham’s razor and when did he die
Never explain with more when you can explain with less
1350CE
What do optimist philosophers believe is the ultimate destiny of every human and what do they think it would mean if this conclusion was not so
Subjective immortality
Eternal life with God
Or
Objective immortality
Gods memory
Why do optimistic philosophers believe God created a world which includes tragedy and injustice
Freedom of choice
Allow us to learn
How does natural evil differ from moral evil
Natural: natural disasters
Moral: act against another person
According to optimistic philosophers, why must God love Gods self unconditionally
Law of prior possession
God loves human unconditionally…
According to these same philosophers why must God love all humans unconditionally
Law of resemblance
Humans are made from God…
According to optimistic philosophers how can God love a murderer unconditionally
Grace is not earned but given
God loves all people and is never angry
When and where did the Enlightenment begin and why did it generate so much skepticism
Europe in 1650CE
Scientific methodology challenging the traditional authority of the church
Who was the scholar primarily responsible for launching the Enlightenment
Nietzsche
Why do contemporary philosophers think that reincarnation is impossible
Monism- soul and body are two parts of one thing
What do philosophers mean by dualism and who introduced it
Body and soul are two completely different things
Plato
What school of modern philosophers demanded a shift from dualistic to monistic thinking
Life philosophers
According to William James what is the basic characteristics of Pragmatic truth
It work
Produces positive results which improve the quality of our lives
What does Sartre mean when he asserts humans are condemned to freedom
Not a choice, we must have it which may become a burden
Why does Sartre think some humans deny freedom of choice
Unconsciously trying to avoid responsibility
It can cause a build up of guilt and anxiety
What does Sartre mean when he says our human experience precedes our essence
We create or own essence
Human have a nature that is not fully compete in our beginning years
What does Maslow mean by Peak Experiences
Unexpected and thrilling experiences of mysterious unity
What percent of Maslow’s respondents reported having had a peak experience
100%
