Converting pounds to kilograms.
__lbs divided by 2.2 = __kg
What are the 2 types of fiber?
Soluble fiber - May decrease cholesterol levels
Insoluble fiber - May decrease colon cancer and diverticulosis
What are the fiber needs?
20-35 grams fiber/day.
What is the athletes consumption of water and food?
athletes must make a conscious effort to consume water before, during, and after exercise. If not, exercise can result in decreased performance, nausea, and heat stroke.
What is the cause and symptoms of Lactose Intolerance?
Cause: Lactase insufficiency
Symptoms: Bloating, Gassiness, and Diarrhea after eating dairy. EXCEPT Cheese and yogurt.
What is the protein quality in food?
Complete protein: animal proteins from meat and dairy, and contains all essential a.a.
Incomplete protein: plant protein from the grain/ starch and vegetable roots.
Complementary proteins: Rice and beans or peanut butter and bread.
What are the food labels?
- cholesterol free = less than 2mg cholesterol a serving.
- NLEA = federal law allowing claims on food labels.
- 1 serving from info on food label.
- Know serving size.
- know serving per container.
- Daily value ?% out of 100% = RDI
What are the federal food programs?
- W.I.C
- The breakfast program of HeadStart
- The school lunch program (K-12)
- SNAP
- Meals On Wheels.
- Congregate meals program.
What are the food pathogens and factors that contribute to food poisoning?
Salmonella: found in poultry, either poorly cooked or defrosted incorrectly.
Botulism: Most likely pathogen to be fatal.
What can you do for anaerobic and aerobic exercise and also what are the causes?
Aerobic: Running, Jumping Rope, Dancing, Speed-Walking, Biking, Skating, and Stepping. (Burns fat)
Anaerobic: Lifting weights.(increases muscle strength and mass)
What is the calorie value of…
Protein?
Carbohydrates?
Fat?
Protein = 4 kcal Carbohydrates = 4 kcal Fat = 9 kcal
What is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?
Slow infant growth, small head/body, distorted facial features, and low IQ
What is BMR and what is the calculations, factors affecting it, life cycle, changes, etc.?
BMR: Basal Metabolic Rate, 1200 calories.
Factors affecting it- Genetics; identical twins separated at birth has the same body type in adulthood. Hormones; thyroid is the major gland that affects BMR and Hyperthyroidism=fast, hypothyroidism=slow. Age;Infancy;Childhood;Puberty;Pregnancy;Lactation= increased BMR because these are all time of anabolic growth.
At what age does BMR begins to decrease?
at 25 years.
What are the nutrition needs during lactation?
Folate, Protein, Calcium, Iron, Calories.
What is the negative energy balance?
it means when you are taking in less calories than you are expending.
What are the causes and risks of Obesity?
causes - inactivity and unhealthy diet.
risks - Genetics, family lifestyle…
What is the child height/ weight graph?
85th% weight and 5th% height = Fat and short child.
What is Steatorrhea?
Steatorrhea (fatty stools) occurs when fatty acids are NOT absorbed.
What are the infant formula and breast milk?
100% complete/ no colostrum. (provides immune substances)
Elderly nutrition.
Vitamin D. The elderly are at an increased risk of deficiency due to decrease exposure to sun and decrease milk intake.
choose my plate.
choosemyplate.gov
What is positive energy balance?
it means when you are taking in more calories than you are expending.
What are the antioxidants and their food habits?
Vitamin E - Free radicals are formed by breathing, pollution, smoking, and excess UV ray exposure. Protects oxidations of fatty acids which decreases underarm odor.
The food sources - Soy bean oil.
What is low birth weight?
About 7% of all babies born in the U.S. are low birth weight. (when the baby weighs less than 5 and a half pounds).
What are some examples GMO?
Golden rice, Omega 3 eggs, and Vitamin D, fortified orange juice.
What are quality fats?
Omega 3's (Salmon, Flax, Walnut) Monounsaturated Fats (olive oil, nut/nut-oil, canola oils)
What are the children eating habits?
Children between 1 and 5 years may eat 5 to 7 times a day.
What is calorie expenditure?
The amount of energy the body uses in a certain period of time.
What are teens eating habits?
increased on eating because of increased growth rate.
How would you decrease heart disease and cancer?
Carotenoids are phytochemicals which decreases the risk of heart disease and cancer.
What are quality carbohydrates?
whole grains, fruits, beans, vegetables, and milk.
What are the deficiency diseases and symptoms of vitamins and minerals?
Iron- Goiter(swelling of the neck as a result of the enlargement of the thyroid gland.)
Vitamin C - Scurvy(swollen gums)
What are the major nutrient components of food and their functions?
Carbohydrates- main source of energy Protein- Major building blocks. Fat- energy storage Water- solvent Vitamins- enable chemical reactions in the body Minerals- aid enzyme function
What is megadosing?
toxic/ harmful
What are infants eating habits?
Breast feeding and bottle feeding.
What are nutrition facts during pregnancy?
nourishment and waste is exchanged via the placenta.