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Flashcards in Final Deck (37)
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1
Q

Converting pounds to kilograms.

A

__lbs divided by 2.2 = __kg

2
Q

What are the 2 types of fiber?

A

Soluble fiber - May decrease cholesterol levels

Insoluble fiber - May decrease colon cancer and diverticulosis

3
Q

What are the fiber needs?

A

20-35 grams fiber/day.

4
Q

What is the athletes consumption of water and food?

A

athletes must make a conscious effort to consume water before, during, and after exercise. If not, exercise can result in decreased performance, nausea, and heat stroke.

5
Q

What is the cause and symptoms of Lactose Intolerance?

A

Cause: Lactase insufficiency
Symptoms: Bloating, Gassiness, and Diarrhea after eating dairy. EXCEPT Cheese and yogurt.

6
Q

What is the protein quality in food?

A

Complete protein: animal proteins from meat and dairy, and contains all essential a.a.
Incomplete protein: plant protein from the grain/ starch and vegetable roots.
Complementary proteins: Rice and beans or peanut butter and bread.

7
Q

What are the food labels?

A
  1. cholesterol free = less than 2mg cholesterol a serving.
  2. NLEA = federal law allowing claims on food labels.
  3. 1 serving from info on food label.
  4. Know serving size.
  5. know serving per container.
  6. Daily value ?% out of 100% = RDI
8
Q

What are the federal food programs?

A
  1. W.I.C
  2. The breakfast program of HeadStart
  3. The school lunch program (K-12)
  4. SNAP
  5. Meals On Wheels.
  6. Congregate meals program.
9
Q

What are the food pathogens and factors that contribute to food poisoning?

A

Salmonella: found in poultry, either poorly cooked or defrosted incorrectly.
Botulism: Most likely pathogen to be fatal.

10
Q

What can you do for anaerobic and aerobic exercise and also what are the causes?

A

Aerobic: Running, Jumping Rope, Dancing, Speed-Walking, Biking, Skating, and Stepping. (Burns fat)
Anaerobic: Lifting weights.(increases muscle strength and mass)

11
Q

What is the calorie value of…
Protein?
Carbohydrates?
Fat?

A
Protein = 4 kcal
Carbohydrates = 4 kcal
Fat = 9 kcal
12
Q

What is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?

A

Slow infant growth, small head/body, distorted facial features, and low IQ

13
Q

What is BMR and what is the calculations, factors affecting it, life cycle, changes, etc.?

A

BMR: Basal Metabolic Rate, 1200 calories.
Factors affecting it- Genetics; identical twins separated at birth has the same body type in adulthood. Hormones; thyroid is the major gland that affects BMR and Hyperthyroidism=fast, hypothyroidism=slow. Age;Infancy;Childhood;Puberty;Pregnancy;Lactation= increased BMR because these are all time of anabolic growth.

14
Q

At what age does BMR begins to decrease?

A

at 25 years.

15
Q

What are the nutrition needs during lactation?

A

Folate, Protein, Calcium, Iron, Calories.

16
Q

What is the negative energy balance?

A

it means when you are taking in less calories than you are expending.

17
Q

What are the causes and risks of Obesity?

A

causes - inactivity and unhealthy diet.

risks - Genetics, family lifestyle…

18
Q

What is the child height/ weight graph?

A

85th% weight and 5th% height = Fat and short child.

19
Q

What is Steatorrhea?

A

Steatorrhea (fatty stools) occurs when fatty acids are NOT absorbed.

20
Q

What are the infant formula and breast milk?

A

100% complete/ no colostrum. (provides immune substances)

21
Q

Elderly nutrition.

A

Vitamin D. The elderly are at an increased risk of deficiency due to decrease exposure to sun and decrease milk intake.

22
Q

choose my plate.

A

choosemyplate.gov

23
Q

What is positive energy balance?

A

it means when you are taking in more calories than you are expending.

24
Q

What are the antioxidants and their food habits?

A

Vitamin E - Free radicals are formed by breathing, pollution, smoking, and excess UV ray exposure. Protects oxidations of fatty acids which decreases underarm odor.
The food sources - Soy bean oil.

25
Q

What is low birth weight?

A

About 7% of all babies born in the U.S. are low birth weight. (when the baby weighs less than 5 and a half pounds).

26
Q

What are some examples GMO?

A

Golden rice, Omega 3 eggs, and Vitamin D, fortified orange juice.

27
Q

What are quality fats?

A
Omega 3's (Salmon, Flax, Walnut)
Monounsaturated Fats (olive oil, nut/nut-oil, canola oils)
28
Q

What are the children eating habits?

A

Children between 1 and 5 years may eat 5 to 7 times a day.

29
Q

What is calorie expenditure?

A

The amount of energy the body uses in a certain period of time.

30
Q

What are teens eating habits?

A

increased on eating because of increased growth rate.

31
Q

How would you decrease heart disease and cancer?

A

Carotenoids are phytochemicals which decreases the risk of heart disease and cancer.

32
Q

What are quality carbohydrates?

A

whole grains, fruits, beans, vegetables, and milk.

33
Q

What are the deficiency diseases and symptoms of vitamins and minerals?

A

Iron- Goiter(swelling of the neck as a result of the enlargement of the thyroid gland.)
Vitamin C - Scurvy(swollen gums)

34
Q

What are the major nutrient components of food and their functions?

A
Carbohydrates- main source of energy
Protein- Major building blocks.
Fat- energy storage 
Water- solvent
Vitamins- enable chemical reactions in the body
Minerals- aid enzyme function
35
Q

What is megadosing?

A

toxic/ harmful

36
Q

What are infants eating habits?

A

Breast feeding and bottle feeding.

37
Q

What are nutrition facts during pregnancy?

A

nourishment and waste is exchanged via the placenta.