Final

Question 1

what does the heat in the mantle come from?

Answer 1

decay of radioactive isotopes

Question 2

what is formed at the mid ocean ridge?

Answer 2

new ocean crust

Question 3

what is evidence for sea floor spreading?

Answer 3

crust is newer next to the ridge, there are magnetic reversals along the ridge, the continents fit together

Question 4

who came up with the hypothesis of continental drift?

Answer 4

wegener

Question 5

why was wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift forgotten?

Answer 5

he couldn’t prove how they moved

Question 6

in a divergent boundary the plates move where

Answer 6

apart

Question 7

in a convergent boundary the plates move where?

Answer 7

together

Question 8

in a transform boundary the plates move where?

Answer 8

against

Question 9

how do we know that the outer core is comprised of liquid?

Answer 9

S waves cannot travel through it

Question 10

what can S waves travel through

Answer 10

solids

Question 11

what can P waves travel through

Answer 11

liquids and solids

Question 12

why does the oceanic crust subduct under the continental crust to form a trench?

Answer 12

because it is more dense

Question 13

S waves are…

Answer 13

transverse, slow moving

Question 14

P waves are…

Answer 14

longitudinal, fast moving

Question 15

what makes up Earth? 3 parts

Answer 15

crust mantle core

Question 16

what makes up the lithosphere?

Answer 16

crust and upper most part of mantle

Question 17

what are the 3 types of rocks?

Answer 17

igneous, metamorphic, Sedimentary

Question 18

what is the actual location of the earthquake?

Answer 18

focus point

Question 19

what is the epicenter

Answer 19

the location above the earthquake on the ground

Question 20

what are volcano eruptions determined by

Answer 20

type of magma

Question 21

what happens in law of superposition

Answer 21

the oldest is on the bottom and youngest is on the top

Question 22

in original horizontality what happens

Answer 22

the rocks get moved a little bit but the age of the rocks stay the same at superposition

Question 23

in the law of cross cutting what happens

Answer 23

it’s the same as superposition until you get to the one that cuts across then it’s that one then the rest on top

Question 24

what is the atomic number equal to

Answer 24

number of protons

Question 25

what is the atomic mass

Answer 25

number of protons+number of neutrons

Question 26

what is an ion

Answer 26

an atom with a different number of electrons

Question 27

what is an isotope

Answer 27

and atom with a different number of neutrons

Question 28

what do covalent bonds form between

Answer 28

nonmetals and nonmetals

Question 29

what do ionic bonds form between

Answer 29

metals and nonmetals

Question 30

metals do what to electrons

Answer 30

give up

Question 31

nonmetals do what to electrons

Answer 31

take

Question 32

what are valence electrons

Answer 32

outermost electrons and react with other atoms to create chemical bonds

Question 33

what is the longest age on earth

Answer 33

Precambrian

Question 34

how old is the earth

Answer 34

4.56 billion years old

Question 35

what were the major extinctions caused by

Answer 35

meteorite

Question 36

in order from smallest wavelength to longest what is the electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 36

radio, micro, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-Ray, gamma

Question 37

what does light act as

Answer 37

a wave and a particle

Question 38

what is the equation for the speed of light

Answer 38

3x10^8

Question 39

where does a star receive its energy

Answer 39

nuclear fusion. H into He

Question 40

what happens to the amount of H and He in a star as it ages?

Answer 40

H decreases and He increases

Question 41

how are all stars created and what is this area called?

Answer 41

nebula

Question 42

what forces are balanced in a stable star?

Answer 42

nuclear fusion and gravity

Question 43

what is the inverse square law

Answer 43

1/d^2

Question 44

what is the sequence for a medium sized star and what are the possibilities for the end of its life?

Answer 44

nebula, protostar, main sequence, red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf

Question 45

what is the sequence for a massive star and what are the possibilities for the end of its life?

Answer 45

nebula, protostar, main sequence, red giant, supernova, either neutron star or black hole

Question 46

what kind of star remains in the main sequence the longest?

Answer 46

low mass stars

Question 47

where will our sun end up

Answer 47

white dwarfs

Question 48

what controls star brightness

Answer 48

temp(color), distance, size

Question 49

what are stars classified by

Answer 49

color, size, brightness

Question 50

what evidence provided support for the Big Bang theory

Answer 50

expanding universe, background cosmic radiation

Question 51

what causes a celestial body to orbit another one?

Answer 51

newtons 1st law and gravity

Question 52

where are asteroids found and what is their composition

Answer 52

asteroids are larger than meteors and orbit in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter

Question 53

what's the difference between a meteorite and a meteoroid?

Answer 53

meteorites hit the earth meteoroids don't

Question 54

where is earth in the summer

Answer 54

aphelion

Question 55

what are seasons caused by

Answer 55

earths tilt

Question 56

why do astronauts float in space

Answer 56

free fall

Question 57

what is the definition of geology

Answer 57

the study of earths composition, structure, and history

Question 58

what is the independent variable

Answer 58

what is being changed to test something

Question 59

what is the dependent variable

Answer 59

what is being measured

Question 60

what happens in the reverse fault

Answer 60

moves up

Question 61

what happens in the normal fault

Answer 61

moves down

Question 62

what happens in the strike slip fault

Answer 62

side to side

Question 63

why does it bulge on the opposite side of the moon?

Answer 63

rotation of the earth

Question 64

what is the order of a lunar eclipse

Answer 64

moon earth sun

Question 65

what is the order of a solar eclipse

Answer 65

earth moon sun

Question 66

in a lunar eclipse what phase of the moon in

Answer 66

full moon

Question 67

in a solar eclipse what phase is the moon in

Answer 67

new moon

Question 68

what do you need to be a planet

Answer 68

revolve around the sun, use gravity to make it round; clear away its own path by gravity