Final Flashcards

Question

central negative

Answer 1

Plays devil’s advocate Instigator Helps obtain best possible answer

Answer 2

Sensitive to timing Creates comfort Doesn’t lead the group off task Pays attention to the tension in the group

Answer 3

Most shared role Knowledgeable of things that pertain to group Uses intelligence to fight enemies of the group

Answer 4

Well liked Supports others Empathizes with others and is a peacemaker Provides a good balance to the task leader

Answer 5

FORMING- gathering ideas STORMING- conflit ok-trying to define the goals and set boundaries and rules NORMING- enforce rules PERFORMING- present you information, have achieved your goal ADJOURNING-say thank you, appreciate and recognize the members

Answer 6

good: “Two heads are better than one” pride in work bad: “Too many cooks in the kitchen” groupthink

Answer 7

``` -It’s easy to agree with the majority When everyone agrees, good ideas go to waste Why it happens: -it saves time -It prevents real thought -It avoids conflict ```

Answer 8

Determine your roles Work as as safety net -Have each member become a content expert Familiarize yourself with your members intros and conclusions in case of emergency

Answer 9

Presentations precede you and exist beyond you

Answer 10

Your aid is not the main attraction Your aid cannot function without you A bad aid is worse than none at all You should never have to apologize for a presentational aid

Answer 11

Increase comprehension Make your speech more memorable Create interest Show the audience where to look

Answer 12

impacts appeal if it is laid out in an interesting fashion it can hold attention better impacts understanding

Answer 13

impacts understanding | different colors effect how people react and cause automatic brain responses

Answer 14

Neat Interesting Clear Effective

Answer 15

The process of changing, shaping, or reinforcing attitudes, beliefs, values, or behaviors. At times, this can be harder

Answer 16

Receptive Neutral Unreceptive/hostile

Answer 17

Rapport and common ground Clear goals Emotional examples Call for action

Answer 18

Interest and attention Rapport and common beliefs Appeal to needs of loved ones Modest goals

Answer 19

``` Be subtle Rapport and common beliefs Credibility and sources Underlying concerns and values Acknowledge others modest goals ```

Answer 20

unreceptive

Answer 21

Questioning the speaker Misinterpreting the message Tunes you out Seeks a second opinion

Answer 22

``` Coactive approach Built on strong reason and evidence -bridging -connect ourselves with the audience “we” -support -We are all in this together Combative -name calling and threats, insults -Distance -Threats Expressivistic approach -not a good approach ```

Answer 23

Must have two sides | Thai kitchen is the best Thai restaurant

Answer 24

Question of Fact Question of Value Question of Policy

Answer 25

``` Truth Claims (claiming something as fact- not something that is proven as fact) Structure topically -Primacy -Recency who killed JFK the world will end in 2012 ```

Answer 26

``` Right or wrong, better, best, worst 2pt organizational pattern -Set standard -Fulfill the standard diet Mtn. Dew is the best breakfast drink comprehensive finals are unfair ```

Answer 27

``` arguing the that the audience should Monroe’s Motivated Sequence Problem Solution Problem Cause Solution Comparative Advantage Refutational Approach you should go to prom ```

Answer 28

``` Problem solution -2 pts. -Problem and solution Problem cause solution -3 pts. -Problem -Cause -solution ```

Answer 29

``` ATTENTION NEED SATISFACTION VISUALIZATION SELL (CALL TO ACTION) ```

Answer 30

Friendly audience main points= issues/plans Advantages and disadvantages Process of elimination structure

Answer 31

``` Hostile audience Mainpoints= issue I. Issue #1 why important Glad that they are concerned What this side argues Why your side in most correct Plenty of support and experts ```

Answer 32

Larson (2007) “Believable arguments or premises that are based on invalid reasoning” “Keep in mind that a logical fallacy is not necessarily false, but its process of inference is invalid"

Answer 33

Post hoc ergo propter hoc (After this, therefore, because of this) Because one event follows another, The first event is assumed to be the cause of the second, this happens without thorough research to actually demonstrate a cause and effect A occurs before B Therefore, A is the cause of B

Answer 34

"It does not follow” | Stating a conclusion based on something that does not strictly follow from the claim

Answer 35

- An attack against an individual instead of against his or her position on the issue (larson, 2007) - Devalues the statement without actually addressing situation

Answer 36

The persuader manufactures and defeats a weak argument that the other side “supposedly makes”

Answer 37

Bandwagon fallacies This is a fallacious argument that appeals to whatever is popular at the time. Also can be group think if on a smaller scale Person A claims that “everyone is doing it” therefore, it should be done

Answer 38

Either X is true/best or Y is true/best | Choose one of two options, when in reality, there are a variety of possible answers/sides to an argument

Answer 39

An argument that takes a characteristic from a sample population and attributes it to tan entire population without any further research (stereotyping)

Answer 40

If W happens, X will automatically follow. Y will follow that and so on If we don’t stop tuition from rising now, it will be $50,000 in two years, then no students will come here and all professors will leave not supporting you claims

Answer 41

Distraction - Topic A is under discussion - Topic B is introduced under the guise of being relevant to --topic A (when topic B is actually not relevant to topic A) - Topic A is abandoned

Answer 42

Good or right because it is old Appeal to a popular figure/authority -Might not be authority on topic Every strong government has always placed the focus on military funding first.

Answer 43

Someone uses what they are trying to prove as part of the proof of that thing the bible is the word of God because it says it is the word of God

Answer 44

slippery slope

Answer 45

Initial- when you first walk up to give a presentation Derived- attained during your presentation Lasting- when your audience reflects on your presentation afterwards Initial->derived->lasting->[repeat] (circular effects)

Answer 46

Competence-seems to know what they are doing Trustworthiness- seems reliable Dynamism- seems enthusiastic and excited to be there charisma -attractiveness (appearance, attitude, hygiene) -talent (rehearse)

Answer 47

Benefit to our life | Outweighs the costs

Answer 48

Fear of not responding Hurt loved one Real and close at hand high speaker credibility

Answer 49

Pleasure and pain Dominance and powerlessness Arousal and non arousal

Answer 50

``` (giving pleasure or avoiding pain) Material items Achievement Popularity Success ```

Answer 51

``` (controlling your life vs. someone else controlling you) Safety Fear Guilt intimidation ```

Answer 52

(having it causes arousal not having it means no arousal) Sex Love excitement

Answer 53

``` Concrete God/devil terms (things all holy or all evil) nonverbal visual images vivid language Variety of emotions big myths ```

Answer 54

``` Consistency Social judgment Cognitive dissonance Reasoned action Planned behavior Gradual change approach ```

Answer 55

selective exposure we're more likely to believe things that line up with our beliefs, attitudes and values BUT we're also less likely to believe arguments that challenge them

Answer 56

links to consistency; we're always comparing our beliefs, attitudes, and values to what we hear those comparisons lie in three latitudes: acceptance, rejection, and non commitment

Answer 57

we think things are more in line than they are; reinforces beliefs

Answer 58

we think things are more different than they are

Answer 59

the greatest attitude and values change happens when we're in this stage because we're unbiased and haven't made up our minds

Answer 60

refers to the work we have to do to make our beliefs attitudes and values line up again. When our beliefs and actions do not align, here are strategies we use to fix that error: - attacking the source - focusing on certain parts of the message (selective exposure) - seek new information - ceasing to listen - changing our mind

Answer 61

magnitude of change we're more likely to change our BAV's when the change called for is gradual persuasion is best when change is slow set reasonable goals

Answer 62

all about how attitudes may influence our behavior there are two factors that influence our decisions: your attitudes and subjective norms (i.e. wha tis considered socially acceptable; this is why bandwagon appeals work). these factors also influence our behavior

Answer 63

adds in perceived behavioral control; need to make sure the audience understands that why can do something

Answer 64

if I have an opinion I'm more reluctant to change

Answer 65

justification of leaping form data to claim | inductive and deductive reasoning

Answer 66

additional support to warrent

Answer 67

indicate strength- "probably" "certainly"

Answer 68

counter-argument | yoga pants aren't pants unless you are at the gym...

Answer 69

specific to general reasoning from a parallel case similar situation

Answer 70

experts agree

Answer 71

one observable attribute= truth

Answer 72

cause/effect

Answer 73

general to specific

Answer 74

ethical/credibility

Answer 75

refers to the meaning we attach to language

Answer 76

the study of the relationship between language and its users

Answer 77

refers to the rules that govern the way we combine words into phrases and sentences

Answer 78

the description of the speech sounds of a language and the way these sounds change when combined with other sounds

Answer 79

dictionary definition | the specific, generally agreed upon definition of a word

Answer 80

connotative meaning of a word refers to all the feelings and attitudes associated with or implied by the word depending upon your experiences, a particular word may evoke positive, negative, or neutral thoughts and feelings you associate with the word

Answer 81

occurs when a receiver attaches a different meaning to a word than the sender intended

Answer 82

occurs when the sender intends one denotation for a word while the receiver attaches another

Answer 83

occurs when the sender intends one denotation while the receiver attaches an unintended connotative meaning

Answer 84

occurs when the sender intends to convey feelings, usually in an indirect or figurative way, while the receiver attaches a literal meaning

Answer 85

occurs when the sender implies one meaning while the receiver infers another

Answer 86

is yourself -movement and dress of the speaker can demonstrate tasks or actions materials, equipment, and physical models

Answer 87

all the audience to take a useful record of information for the speaking situation be careful of when to hand it out

Answer 88

as communicators we must use techniques that increase the chances that our listeners will assign to our symbols the meaning we intend

Answer 89

suits or fits a particular purpose, listener, and occasion and helps meet the demands of oral communication

Answer 90

when listeners attach to a message the same meanings and feeling the speaker intends

Answer 91

by using words that express the exact meaning you intend

Answer 92

words and phrases that appeal to our senses create imagery appeal to our five basic senses and kinesthetic, systemic, and thermal imageries

Answer 93

uses part of a concept to stand for the concept

Answer 94

uses a word associated with the concept to stand for the concept

Final Flashcards

(123 cards)