Flashcards in Final Deck (44)
Loading flashcards...
1
Antioch (1097-8)
first major city to fall to the crusaders, took place over new years
2
Jerusalem (1099)
Final major city to fall to crusaders
3
Hatin (1187)
Decisive victory of Salahadin over the crusaders used victory to retake jerusalem
4
Constantinople (1204)
4th crusade, crusaders take over the city
5
Baghdad (1258)
Mongols take the city and sack
6
Any Jaliyah (1260)
Mongols defeated by Mamlucks and their expansion is halted
7
Acre (1291)
Mamluks take the city from the crusaders, given them a foot hold against crusaders
8
Delhi (1399)
Timur, captures Bayezid and gains allegiance of the Bayezids sons
9
Constantinople (1453)
Mahmed II, ottomans conquered Byzantine empire. Byzantines are wiped
10
Granada (1492)
Fall of Granada to Ferdinand and Isabella
11
Raymond of St Gilles
Led the first crusade, capture Jerusalem in 1099. Massacres the inhabitants of Jerusalem
12
Richard the Lionheart
Third crusade, triggered by Salahadin; He fought Salahadin to a draw, securing a beach head for the crusaders
13
'Imad al-Din
Took out the crusader kingdom of edessa. It was an easy inland target. First crusader kingdom to fall
14
Nur al-Din
Son of Imad, wanted to unify cities didn't want to take damascus by force
15
Salah al Din
Founder of the Ayyubids, Jihadist who retook jerusalem for the muslims
16
al-Kamil
Made a treaty, giving back jerusalem to the crusaders
17
Salih Ayyub
His core of slave soldiers become the Mamluks
18
al-Nasir (1180-1225)
overthrew the seljuq ruler Tughril III
19
Baybars
emerged after ayan jalut founder of the mamluk dynasty, set tone for removal of crusaders
20
Qalavun
patronized famous hospital and continued eliminating crusader cities
21
Osman
founder of the ottoman dynasty battled byzantines and took constantinople
22
Murad I
Massive expansion, took back Bakans and Anatolia, became a sultan, founded the janissries, was assassinated
23
Bayezid
increased centralization, slave system, built very large army and brought into conflict with Timur, Battle of Ankara (1402) "triumph of Timur" captured Bayezed
24
Murad II
Return of Ottomans, treaty with Byzantines created a Navy
25
Mehmed II
conquest to capture Constantinople he cast and had strong centralized government
26
Clavio
Spanish ambassador to Timur at Samurqand, was a first hand source to Timur's court
27
Timur
he has five and seven year conquests, great conqueror, descendants ruled for century over persia and central asia
28
Ibn Arabi
a mystic, the perfect human
29
Maimonides
jewish philosopher from spain, worked in egypt was a Ravi and physician
30
Sunrawadi
Sufi master in Baghdad close to caliph
31
Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
wrote textbooks on astronomy theology and math, joined ismali court and later mongol court and convinced mongols to build him observatory
32
al-Nawai
lived in damascus, was hadith scholar master jurist
33
Rashid al-Din
wrote universal history in persian for the Ilkhanids
34
Rumi
popular suffi persian poet
35
Ibn Taymiyya
critical of aspects of sunni islam lived in cairo and wrote lots of legal responses
36
Ibn Khaldun
historian on dynasties in cairo
37
Ibn al-Nadia
famous for describing circulation of blood
38
Policies of Ayyubids and Mamluks to crusaders
Ayyubids tolerant and allowed free trade and no one has to die, Mamluks aggressive and wanted to kill crusaders
39
Which three major cities in syria and egypt did crusaders fail to capture
Damascus Cairo and Aleppo
40
Ibn 'Arabi's concept of perfect human
no separation between man and god and it is like a mirror and without god we don't exist, god is a sphere and man is a branch connected to sphere
41
Impact of Mongols and impact on the Mongols
destruction of nishapur, redrew borders between muslim and european world; mongols got really rich and mongols adopted islam and persian culture
42
Muslim Palace in Granada who conquered it and fate of muslims there
Alhambra, conquered by ferdinand and isabella of spain, all muslims had to convert or leave
43
Rumi Discourse 17
there's beast angels and men is a mix, god is the beauty in men and greed is the beast in men
44
