Final

Question 1

In senior/geriatric dogs, their energy needs _______ but their protein needs ______

Answer 1

energy= decreases (due to decreased activity)

protein needs= increased (due to increased turnover)

Question 2

Is crude protein from the guaranteed analysis a good way to assess quality of protein in diet?

Answer 2

NO–only tells you quantity

Question 3

Do senior cats need to eat more or less food? Why?

Answer 3

More–they have decreased absorption of protein, fat and vitamins

Question 4

When feeding senior cats, you want to look for diets that are highly ______ and _____ _______

Answer 4

highly digestible; energy dense

Question 5

Typically, weight loss diets contain ______energy levels and _____fiber levels

Answer 5

LOWER energy

HIGHER fiber (for satiety)

Question 6

What are the protein need for

1) dogs
2) cats

Answer 6

1) 2.5g/kg BW
2) 5g/kg BW

**these need to be calculated based on IDEAL weight

Question 7

What is the appropriate rate of weight loss for

1) dogs
2) cats

Answer 7

1) 1-2% per week

2) 0.5-2% per week

Question 8

T/F: prescription weight loss diets are better because they are less energy dense but more NUTRIENT dense

Answer 8

TRUE!

less calories so more can be fed–satiety
but also contain more protein and vitamins/minerals per cal that OTC diets–don’t need to worry about deficiencies

Question 9

How do the gestational need of dogs and cats differ?

Answer 9

• Dogs–don’t need to increase intake until last 3-4weeks of gestation (maintenance rate okay up until this point)
• Cats–want to see weight gain throughout all of gestation

Question 10

For which lifestage are carbohydrates absolutely required

Answer 10

lactation

Question 11

Because small/toy breeds have higher metabolic rates and smaller stomachs, their energy densities need to be _____

Answer 11

HIGHER

Question 12

Compared to regular puppy diets, diets for large breeds are designed with what 2 differences?

Answer 12

1) lower energy density

2) 30% less Ca

Question 13

Describe, generally, the impact of the following ingredients on the GI tract:

1) protein (high)
2) fat (low)
3) fiber

Answer 13

1) high protein increases esophageal sphincter tone (prevents reflux)
2) Low fat promotes gastric emptying
3) fiber delays gastric emptying

Question 14

For an animal with gastritis, what type of GI might be a good recommendation?

Answer 14

highly digestible–low fiber, moderate fat

*don’t want it to stay in stomach a long time–> irritating

Question 15

For which type of stones should cranberry extract not be used and why?

Answer 15

Ca oxalate

contains high Vit C & oxalates

Question 16

The two main stones (struvite and Ca oxalate) form in which types of pH

Answer 16

1) struvite–forms in alkaline urine

2) Ca oxalate–forms in acidic urine

Question 17

T/F: for prevention of Ca oxalate stones, it’s recommended to restrict both Ca and phosphorous

Answer 17

FALSE–only Ca restriction

Question 18

Describe the role Magnesium plays in stone prevention/formation

Answer 18

Ca oxalate–supplementing Mg can help bind oxalic acid so it’s less available to form stones

However–excess Mg in urine can lead to struvite stone formation

*balancing act

Question 19

In general, diets in dogs with DM should consist of?

Answer 19

complex carbs and dietary fiber

Question 20

In what instance would a moderate/high fiber diet not be appropriate for controlling DM in a cat?

Answer 20

if the cat is underweight/thin

Question 21

What are the two big components of renal diets

Answer 21

controlled protein, low phosphate

Question 22

What are the 5 types of GI diets?

Answer 22

1) highly digestible
2) fiber enhanced
3) low fat
4) novel protein
5) hydrolyzed protein

Question 23

How do soluble and insoluble fibers differ in their impact on GI transit?

Answer 23

soluble–tends to SLOW movement

insoluble–tends to accelerate movement