Final

Question 1

Nonverbal communication

Answer 1

intentional or unintentional transmission of meaning through individual’s nonspoken physical and behavioral cues

Question 2

Principles of nonverbal communication

Answer 2

• Uses multiple channels
• More ambiguous
• Fewer rules
• More meaning
• Influenced by culture
• Influenced by gender
• Liberated through technology
• Combine w/ verbal to create communication

Question 3

Women and nonverbal communication

Answer 3

• women are better than men at both sending and receiving nonverbal messages
• women show greater facial expressiveness than men, and they smile more
• women gaze more at others during interpersonal interactions

Question 4

Haptics

Answer 4

using touch to communicate nonverbally

Question 5

Functional-professional touch

Answer 5

used to accomplish task

Question 6

Social-polite touch

Answer 6

derives from social norms and expectations

Question 7

Friendship-warmth touch

Answer 7

used to express our like for another person

Question 8

Love-intimacy touch

Answer 8

lets you convey deep feelings

Question 9

Sexual-arousal touch

Answer 9

intended to stimulate another person physically

Question 10

Aggressive-hostile touch

Answer 10

involves forms of physical violence, like grabbing, slapping, and hitting – designed to hurt and humiliate others

Question 11

Proxemics

Answer 11

nonverbal code for communication through use of physical distance

Question 12

Personal space

Answer 12

18 inches to 4 feet; for friends

Question 13

Social space

Answer 13

4 to 12 feet; for acquaintances and strangers

Question 14

Public space

Answer 14

12 feet; formal settings

Question 15

Territoriality

Answer 15

tendency to claim physical space as our own and define certain locations as areas we do not want others to invade w/o permission

Question 16

Gesture types

Answer 16

• Emblems
• Illustrators
• Regulators
• Adaptors

Question 17

Illustrators

Answer 17

accent or illustrate verbal messages

Question 18

Pseudo conflict

Answer 18

perception that conflict exists when in fact it does not

Question 19

Power currency

Answer 19

resource that other people value

Question 20

Resource currency

Answer 20

material things such as money, property, and food

Question 21

Expertise currency

Answer 21

special skills or knowledge

Question 22

Social network currency

Answer 22

linked w/ network of friends, family, and acquaintances w/ substantial influence

Question 23

Personal currency

Answer 23

personal characteristics that people consider desirable – beauty, intelligence, communication skill, humor

Question 24

Intimacy currency

Answer 24

when you share a close bond w/ someone that no one else shares

Question 25

sniping

Answer 25

communicating in negative fashion and then abandoning encounter by physically leaving scene of refusing to interact further

Question 26

Approaches to handling conflict

Answer 26

- Avoidance - Accommodation - Competition - Reactivity - Collaboration

Question 27

Cumulative annoyance

Answer 27

repressed irritation grows as mental list of grievances we have against our partner builds

Question 28

Destructive messages

Answer 28

- Sudden-death statements | - Dirty secrets

Question 29

Sudden-death statements

Answer 29

when people get so angry that they suddenly declare end of relationship, even though breaking up wasn’t possibility before conflict

Question 30

Dirty secrets

Answer 30

statements that are honest in content, have been kept hidden to protect partner's feelings, and are designed to hurt

Question 31

Coming together

Answer 31

- Initiating - Experimenting - Intensifying - Integrating - Bonding

Question 32

Coming apart

Answer 32

``` o Differentiating o Circumscribing o Stagnating o Avoiding o Terminating ```

Question 33

Avoiding

Answer 33

one or both of you decide that you can no longer be around each other, and you begin distancing yourself physically

Question 34

Relational dialectics

Answer 34

competing tensions between ourselves and our feelings toward others in relationships - Openness vs protection - Autonomy vs connection - Novelty vs predictability

Question 35

Relational maintenance strategies

Answer 35

- Positivity - Assurances - Sharing tasks - Acceptance - Self-disclosure - Relationship talks - Social networks

Question 36

Romantic relationship

Answer 36

chosen interpersonal involvement forged through communication in which participants perceive bond as romantic

Question 37

Key elements of romantic relationships

Answer 37

- Perception - Diversity - Choice - Commitment – strong psychological attachment to partner and intention to continue relationship long into future - Tensions - Communication

Question 38

What are the factors that cause romantic attraction?

Answer 38

- Proximity - Physical attractiveness - Similarity - Reciprocal liking - Resources

Question 39

Mere exposure effect

Answer 39

phenomenon where your feel more attracted to those w/ whom you have frequent contact and less w/ whom you interact rarely

Question 40

Social exchange theory

Answer 40

proposes that you’ll feel drawn to those you see as offering substantial benefits w/ few associated costs

Question 41

Family stories

Answer 41

narrative accounts shared repeatedly within family that retell historical events and are meant to bond family together - Courtships stories - Birth stories - Survival stories - Telling family stories

Question 42

Conversation orientation

Answer 42

degree to which family members are encouraged to participate in unrestrained interaction about wide array of topics

Question 43

Conformity orientation

Answer 43

degree to which families believe that communication should emphasize similarity or diversity in attitudes, beliefs, and values

Question 44

Nuclear family

Answer 44

wife, husband, and biological or adopted children

Question 45

Extended family

Answer 45

when relatives such as aunts, uncles, parents, children, and grandparents live together in common household

Question 46

Stepfamily

Answer 46

at least one of adults has child or children from previous relationship

Question 47

Cohabiting couples

Answer 47

consist of two unmarried, romantically involved adults living together in household w/ or w/o children

Question 48

Single-parent family

Answer 48

only one adult resides in household, possessing sole responsibility as caregiver for children

Question 49

Voluntary kin family

Answer 49

group of people who lack blood and legal kinship but who consider themselves “family”

Question 50

Maintenance strategies for families

Answer 50

o Positivity o Assurances o Self-disclosure

Question 51

Best friends

Answer 51

o Usually same sex o Intimacy, disclosure, commitment o “have each other’s back”

Question 52

Identity support

Answer 52

behaving in ways that convey understanding, acceptance, and support for a friend’s valued social identities

Question 53

Valued social identities

Answer 53

aspects of your public self that you deem the most important in defining who you are – for example, musician, athlete, poet, dancer, teacher, mother

Question 54

Friendship rules

Answer 54

``` general principles that prescribe appropriate communication and behavior within friendship relationships o Show support o Seek support o Respect privacy o Keep confidences o Defend your friends o Avoid public criticism o Make your friends happy o Manage jealousy o Share humor o Maintain equity ```

Question 55

Communal friendships

Answer 55

focus primarily on sharing time and activities together

Question 56

Workplace relationship

Answer 56

any affiliation you have w/ professional peer, supervisor, subordinate, or mentor

Question 57

Defensive climate

Answer 57

environment is unfriendly, rigid, and unsupportive of workers’ professional and personal needs