Final Flashcards
(75 cards)
1
Q
How many Mega and World Cities are in East Asia
A
8 megacities and 6 world cities
2
Q
What was China’s traditional capital city
A
Chang’an
3
Q
4 notes about Traditional Chinese City Layout
A
- highly formalized
- symmetrical design
- grid layout
- surround wall with strategically placed gates
4
Q
What happened to East Asia Tradition
A
A lot of the architecture patterns were lost due to fast growth
5
Q
What is the Treaty Ports of China
A
Treaty of Nanjing
- 1842
- long-term lease of Hong Kong with rights to reside in various cities
- in 1911 more port cities were opened up
6
Q
Points about Colonization in East Asia
A
- port cities
- Portuguese brought in Castle Towns
- Cities were connected by highway network
7
Q
How did Japan become a colonial power in East Asia
A
- introduced western-style city planning
- city walls raised
- roads improved
- destruction of Korean palaces and structures in an effort to stamp out Korean resistance
8
Q
What is an Industrial City
A
City with rapid urban industrialization with phenomenal growth rates across Asia
9
Q
5 Social Effects of Industrialization
A
- High rates of Urban-to-Rural migration
- Rising urban-rural inequalities
- Significant socioeconomic inequality between classes & locals vs. migrants
- High-density development and heavy reliance on public transport
- Lack of services due to speed of development
10
Q
Internal Structure of East Asian Cities
A
- China/North Korea state controlled development
- High density sprawl everywhere
- Cities are either concentric model or multiple nuclei model
11
Q
What is the Forbidden City
A
- Palace for Ming and Qing dynasty in Ancient China
- Started to build in 1406
- Yellow and Red colors, ancient Chinese architecture
12
Q
Model of the City in Peoples Republic of China
A
INSIDE to OUTSIDE
- Pre-1949 Zone
- Work Unit Zone (1949-1980’s)
- Social and Spatial Segregation based on Affordability (1980s-1990s)
- New Housing Estate Zone (since 1990s)
13
Q
What is SAR
A
Special Administrative Region
- autonomous governance unit
14
Q
What is SEZ
A
Special Economic Zone
- area where business and trade laws are different than the rest of the country
15
Q
4 Demographics of Japan
A
- Extremes of a population
- Similar Ethnic makeup
- Aging, long living, low birth rate
- Strict immigration prerequisites
16
Q
What is an Arcology
A
Self-Sustaining Megastructure
17
Q
What is Tokyo Technocracy
A
Smartest city in Asia, the implementation of solutions primarily via the Scientific Method
18
Q
Solutions to Rapid Growth Issues
A
- Switch to natural gas for power plants
- Move heavy industry away from cities
- Vehicle management (can only drive on certain days)
- Heavy investment in public transport
19
Q
What is a Smart City
A
Designation given to a city that incorporates information and communication technologies to enhance the quality of and performance of urban services such as energy, transportation, and utilities in order to reduce consumption, wastage, and overall costs
20
Q
What is Cheonggyechon River Restoration
A
Urban design restored the green heart of Souel
- created flood protection system
- increased overall biodiversity
- reduced the heat for better vegetation
21
Q
Number of Mega and World Cities in South Asia
A
Megacities: 6
World Cities: 5
22
Q
5 different eras in South Asia history
A
- Indus Valley Era (3000-1500BC)
- Aryan Hindus (since 1500BC)
- Dravidians (since 200 BCE)
- Muslims (since 8th century)
- Europeans (since 15th century)
23
Q
What is Red Fort
A
The citadel of Old Dehli and a UNESCO world heritage site
24
Q
What is Taj Mahal
A
Built for the wife of Shah Jahan, Mumtaz Mahal
25
South Asia Urban Structures
1. Bazaar-Based
- segregated by religion, ethnicity, class
2. Colonial Cities
- segregated
- double standards
- port focused
3. Hill Stations
- resort towns for Europeans
- higher in the mountains
4. Planned Cities
- company towns for various industries
26
What is Golden Quadrilateral
Highway system connecting India's 4 largest urban agglomerations
- Dahli, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata
27
South Asia Driving Forces of Globalization
Economic Liberalization: moving towards free market
| IT Revolution: telemarketing, e-banking, plastic money, high speed internet
28
Why is there Offshore Outsourcing
- cheap labor
- tax rebates
- relaxed environment
All lead to higher PROFITS
29
Impacts of Globalization
- Economic Political Cultural
- Contradictory and Controversial
- Highly Unequal
30
What is a Maidan
an open space in or outside a town used to parade on for events
31
What is a Chowk
an Indian Marketplace/Open Area/Courtyard
32
What is a Wat
Place of worship
33
Number of Mega and World Cities in Sub Saharan Africa
Megacities: 2
| World Cities: 2
34
What are the Core Slums
Formal: public housing and hostels
Informal: squatters and pavement dwellers
35
Sub Saharan Africa Historical Periods
1. Ancient or Medieval Precolonial (pre-1800)
2. Period of Trans-Atlantic slave trade (1440 - 1850)
3. Formal Colonial Rule (1850 - independence)
4. Post-colonial (1960+)
36
What is the European Scramble for Africa
1880-1914
| Continent was divided up between European Powers (British, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Belgian, Spanish)
37
Planned Cities in SSA
Dodoma and Lilongwe
38
6 Types of Cities
1. Indigenous City
2. Islamic City
3. European City
4. Colonial City
5. Dual City
6. Hybrid City
39
What is La Cite De Fleuve
Artificial Island in the Congo
40
Implications for SSA Urbanization
- Urban Cultivation
- Houses are no longer mono-functional, they serve as commercial space
- Distinction between rural and urban residences blurred
- Public sector efficiency decreases when employee has informal job
41
What is Urban-Out Migration
Zambia granted land to people and they left the cities
42
What is Re-localization
Cities divide into small village like self-sufficient pockets
43
What is Lagos
Worst disaster zone that ever passed for a city;
- founded 17th century
- used for slave trade
- current problems rooted in rapid growth
44
Commonly found diseases in Africa
HIV/Aids
Ebola
Malaria
45
What are Tenements
tenement is a multi-occupancy building of any sort, but particularly a rundown apartment building or slum building
46
What are Pirate Subdivisions
residential lots developed illegally by entrepreneurs and sold with rudimentary or no public services
47
What are Shanty Towns
slums in Sub Saharan Africa
48
What is a Kibera
largest urban slum in Africa, home to 250,000 Kenyans in Nairobi
49
What is Re-localization
Cities divide into small village-like self-sufficient pockets
50
What is Apartheid
Institutionalized racism in South Africa
51
Number of Mega and World Cities in Central America
Megacities: 1
| World Cities: 1
52
Number of Mega and World Cities in South America
Megacities: 4
| World Cities: 8
53
What is Tenochtitlan
Island with crisscross water canal and man-made land
54
5 South American Historical Periods
1. Mesoamerican Urbanization
2. Aztec Urbanization
3. Incan Urbanization
4. European Colonization
5. Post-Colonial
55
2 cultures in the Mesoamerican Trend
```
Mayan Culture (750BC-1200CE)
Tikal (600BC-900CE)
```
56
South American Large Scale Trends
1. Urban Primacy rules in most countries
| 2. Urbanization rates have slowed across the region
57
Describe Rio De Janeiro
- Founded as a port city
- Capital of brazil
- Deindustrialized
58
What is the Law of the Indies
Plans were set forth in detail on every facet of creating a community,
59
What is the Law of the Indies
Plans were set forth in detail on every facet of creating a community
60
What are Sister cities
cross-border conurbation
61
What is a Tianguis
Open air market
62
Number of Mega and World Cities in North America
Megacities: 2
| World Cities: 14
63
What kind of Urban Structure is North America
Grid System and Sprawl
64
What are the 4 Historical Periods of North America
1. Precolonial Period (pre 1600)
2. Colonial Mercantilism (1600-1840)
3. Industria Capitalism (1840-1970)
4. Post-industrial Capitalism (1976-present)
65
What is the Third Urban Revolution
Massive increase in urban populations, the development of megacities and giant metropolitan regions and the global redistribution of economic activities
66
Large scale trends in North America
- Urban Primacy
- Conurbations
- Megalopolis
67
Large scale trends in North America
- Urban Primacy
- Conurbations
- Megalopolis
68
Name the Circular Distributions of Zones from inside out in North America
1. Central business district
2. Zone of transportation
3. Zone of independent workers' homes
4. Zone of better residences
5. Commuter's zone
69
Name the Circular Distributions of Zones from inside out in North America
1. Central business district
2. Zone of transportation
3. Zone of independent workers' homes
4. Zone of better residences
5. Commuter's zone
70
Name the 4 things in the infinity loop for North America
Conservation
Release
Renewal
Growth
71
What is Urban Flight
With the creation of automobiles, urban sprawl occurs and a commuter zone is formed
72
What is Global City-Region
Nodes of the Global economy, global businesses, elite work force, contrasting sharply with disadvantaged, insular residential cities
73
What is an Edge City
Concentration of business, shopping, and entertainment outside of the central business district in what was once simply a residential or rural area
74
What is a Hyper-Diverse City
City where % of foreign-born residents exceeds the national level
75
What is a Segregated City
Segregated by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status
