Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OTB 500 - Theory > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

T/F : The heart of occupational therapy is within the medical model, treating symptoms.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which best describes OTs focus, when determining OT needs?

what is the matter with you?

What matters to you?

let me tell you what matters

No answer text provided.

A

What matters to you?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Kielhofner describes traditional medical model as:

  • Client centered, scientific, realist
  • Reductionist, mechanistic and scientific
  • No answer text provided.
  • Holistic, mechanisitic and realist
A

Reductionist, mechanistic and scientific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The 6 principles of client centered practice include all of the following except:

-Therapeutic partnership and shared responsibility
-Accessibility and flexibility
-Client autonomy and choice
-systems of orientation
Respect for diversity
-Enablement and empowerment

A

systems of orientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Systems theory helps us to understand how things:

  • plan
  • interact
  • organize
  • react
A

interact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The launching of _______ was the professions first attempt to promote holistic perspective for treatment by an OT.

  • organism
  • reductionist
  • holism
  • MOHO
A

MOHO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F: A new grad OT can specialize in one area of practice?

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F: Social dynamics in families and communities, and occupational performance within multiple and changing contexts are examples of complex systems

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F: physical, social, cultural contexts should always be considered in OT

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T/F: Frames of reference are in place to guide our reasoning?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Per Mosey, we have three levels of OT theory and they are the following, except:

  • Fundamental body of knowledge
  • Performance
  • Applied body of knowledge
  • Practice
A

Performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F: Community practice aims to restore health and life balance.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

According to Willcock, which can lead to stress related illness?

  • Occupational imbalance, family dynamics, task deprivation
  • Occupational imbalance, occupational deprivation, occupational alientation
  • Occupational alienation, social justice, performance of tasks
  • Boredom, group projects, social participation
A

Occupational imbalance, occupational deprivation, occupational alientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Per wilcock, which of the following is not a health promotion model :

-Social justice
-Ecological sustainability
wellness
-Preventative medicine
-wealth
-Community development

A

wealth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T/F: Toglias approach was originially designed for TBI

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Toglias approach has a foundation in which of the following?

  • neuroscience
  • orthopedics
  • psychology
  • pediatrics
A

neuroscience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

T/F: If my client has a cognitive dysfunction and no self awareness Toglias approach is a great FOR to facilitate improvements in task performance.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Allen Cognitive level is used in mental health and which other population?

  • dementia
  • PD
  • pediatrics
  • orthopedics
A

dementia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Folks with normal cognitive abilities sometimes function at lower ACL levels due to which of the following?

  • brain conservation
  • task equivelance
  • task demand
  • task environment
A

brain conservation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

T/F: Task demands in ACL FOR coincide with activity demands in OTPF?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

T/F: Grading an activity up or down to decrease client frustration in an example of just right challenge.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

T/F: Extrinsic factors are info that can be implied or interpreted (i.e. visual spatial, verbal propositional and memory)

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

T/F: All children can achieve age appropriate skills.

A

F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

T/F: You must know normal development to apply developmental frames and theories appropriately?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

T/F: Lifespan developmental FOR are only to be used for children and older adults.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

T/F: It is appropriate to look only at developmental stages/phases with OT evaluation.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Name this founder described below:

architect, cured self through woodworking & gardening, first President of OT Association

A

George Barton

28
Q 
Name this founder described below:
Johns Hopkins (worked with Adolph Meyer, psychiatrist (philosophy of OT), New York State Hospital, “Habit Training”
A

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

29
Q

Name this founder described below:

edited first journal: Maryland Psychiatric Quarterly, believed in healing potential of occupation

A

William Rush Dunton, MD

30
Q

Name this founder described below:

secretary, Consolation House, married Mr. Barton

A

Isabel Newton

31
Q

Name this founder described below:

architect, Canadian

A

Thomas Kidner

32
Q

Name this founder described below:

nurse, wrote book on OT

A

Susan Johnson

33
Q

Name this founder described below:

nurse, not in photograph

A

Susan Tracy

34
Q

What year?

Moral treatment

Mental Hygiene, humanitarian

Invalid Occupation, Susan Tracy

Arts & Crafts movement

1917 AOTA founded, Clifford Springs, New York (Consolation House)

Reconstruction Therapy, William Dunton

Re-education after injury, George Barton

World War I, rehabilitation of wounded soldiers (biomechanical, restoration model)

A

1900-1919

35
Q

What year?

Economic Boom – age of invention

Philosophy of OT: Adolph Meyer
Humanistic & Pragmatic

Habit Training: Eleanor Clarke Slagle, use of normal daily activities with mentally ill

Pre-industrial training (WWI soldiers), Thomas Kidner

Number of occupational therapists expanded across both mental and physical interventions for the disabled

A

1920-1929

36
Q

What year?

The Great Depression

Trend toward scientific approach continued

Behaviorism (Skinner) applied scientific method to all aspects of human activity

Birth of Behavior Modification as therapy

OT used to help patients adjust to hospital life (long-term treatment, polio, tuberculosis, etc.)

A

1930-1939

37
Q

What year?

World War II

Baby Boom began

Growth in post-war vocational rehabilitation

Kinetic model, range of motion studies

OT activities seen as “cure”

Attempts to match OT activity to diagnosis

Medical Model prominent – Rehabilitation model in OT

A

1940-1949

38
Q

What year?

Widespread use of phenothiazines (thorazine, etc.) to treat mental illness

Psychoanalysis – Freudian theory prominent

OT groups (Fidler) used to treat ego skills

Projective or creative arts commonly used by occupational therapists, Azima battery

Crafts, adapted looms, adapted tools, prominent in treating physical disabilities

Sensory Motor Therapy – Margaret Rood

A

1950-1959

39
Q

What year?

De-institutionalization movement

Shift to community mental health

Gail Fidler – Communication Process (Task Groups)

Therapeutic communities used as treatment for mental illness

Blurred roles for medical staff members

Offshoots of OT: art therapy, music therapy, horticulture therapy, dance therapy, etc.

Bobaths, NDT & other motor control theories emerged

Reflex Development: Mary Fiorentino

First “Willard & Spackman” used as text

A. Jean Ayres – Sensory Integration introduced

A

1960-1969

40
Q

What year?

Decade of Frames of Reference

Occupational therapist’s search for professional identity

Many extremes of specialization in OT

Growth & Development model, Lela Llorens

Activity Therapy, Anne Mosey

Developmental Groups, Anne Mosey

Cognitive Behaviorism flourished

PL 94-142, education for handicapped kids

A

1970-1979

41
Q

What year?

Occupational Science expands rapidly

Further expansion of research & publication in OT

Many new developing programs for OT, COTA to accommodate greatly increased numbers

Brain research, genetic engineering

Neuroscience and cognitive theories predominate

Psych & physical disability areas of OT practice merge

De-specialization, use of same skills across specialty areas

A

1990-1999

42
Q

What year?

Occupational Adaptation Model: Schkade & Schultz

Ecology of Human Performance: Winnie Dunn

Person-Environment-Occupational Performance Model: Christiansen & Baum

Multicontextual Approach (Cognitive Perceptual): Joan Toglia

Occupational Performance Process Model: Mary Law, et al.

A

1990+

43
Q

What year?

OT Practice Framework replaces Uniform Terminology

OT Paradigm Shift is confirmed

Community practice replaces “medical model” (patient client, etc.)

Non-traditional OT roles emerge

Client-centered model embraced, definition of client expands to include families, caregivers, social & cultural contexts, groups

Evidence-based practice: Margo Holm

OT Education moves to Masters Entry Level

A

2000+

44
Q

What year?

Decade of Clinical Reasoning

MOHO, Gary Kielhofner, Janice Burke

Spatiotemporal Adaptation, Grady & Gilfoyle

Clinical Reasoning, Joan Rogers

Client Centered practice, in Canada (CAOT)

Rapid expansion of research, standardized assessments

A

1980-1989

45
Q

Describe the Medical Model

A

Expertise focused on using activities to

  • relieve symptoms,
  • to adapt task demands, -compensate for disability.

Rehab ends when the pt has met functional goals established by therapist and/or medical treatment team.

46
Q

Describe the Client-centered model

A

Collaborates with client to identify:

  • occupational problems
  • priorities
  • set goals
  • enable client
  • participation through supporting skill development
  • and taking preventive actions and/or through adaptation of tasks and environments.
47
Q

What principles are listed below:

  • Client Autonomy and Choice
  • Respect for Diversity
  • Therapeutic Partnership and Shared Responsibility
  • Enablement and Empowerment
  • Contextual Congruence: Recognizing Environmental Conditions and Demands
  • Accessibility and Flexibility
A

Client-centered practice principles

48
Q

What is a frame of reference?

A

FOR is a system of compatible concepts from theory that guide a plan of action for assessment and intervention within specific OT domains. Address specific disability areas.

*NOT occupation-based.

49
Q

What are the levels of OT theory?

A

1 - fundamental body of knowledge: philosophical assumptions, an ethical code, a theoretical foundation of both theories and empirical data, a domain of concern, and legitimate tools. OT’s professional paradigm and OTPF fall into this category.

2 - applied body of knowledge: sets of guidelines for practice. Occupation-based models fall into this category.

3 - practice: action sequences, use of applied knowledge, the clinical reasoning process, and the art of practice. FORs, assessments, and intervention techniques fall into this category.

50
Q

Who states: the barriers to OT transitioning to community practice model is the profession’s smallness, gender imbalance, dependence on medicine, its difference, and the difficulty of explaining or understanding its promise without an appreciation of its origins and rich philosophical history.

A

Wilcock: is a strong proponent of the role in OT community practice and argues that OTs should direct attention and advocate for change within the educational, political and social venues of our national systems.

51
Q

Identify Wilcocks 5 health promotion models

A

1) Wellness: closest to traditional, medical practices within OT, offering conventional perspectives. Synonymous with health promotion and ill health prevention.
2) Preventative medicine: closest to public health; defined as the application of Western medical and social science to prevent disease, prolong life, and promote health in the community through intercepting disease processes. It is an illness model.
3) Social justice: promotion of social and economic change to increase individual, community, and political awareness, resources, and equitable opportunities for health. Ill health is often an outcome of disparities related to resources and power, economy, national priorities and policies, and cultural values. These factors are aka underlying occupational factors in the hierarchy of social determinants of health.
4) Community development: community consultation, deliberation, and action to promote individual, family, and community-wide responsibility for self-sustaining development, health, and well-being. A holistic approach, whose therapeutic aim is directed toward the better end of entire community thru strategies that encourage social and economic development, a community analysis, use of local resources, and self-sustaining programs.
5) Ecological sustainability: promotion of healthy relationships between humans, other living organisms, their environments, habits, and modes of life. Based on biological and natural sciences.

52
Q

What is described below FIM or Barthel?

  • includes a seven-level scale that designates major gradations in behavior from dependence to independence.
  • This scale rates patients on their performance of an activity taking into account their need for assistance from another person or a device.

-This instrument is a measure of disability, not impairment.

This instrument is intended to measure what the person with the disability actually does, whatever the diagnosis or impairment, not what (s)he ought to be able to do, or might be able to do under different circumstances.

A

FIM

53
Q

What is described below FIM or Barthel?

  • values assigned to each item are based on time and amount of actual physical assistance required if a patient is unable to perform the activity.
  • Full credit is not given for an activity if the patient needs even minimal help and/or supervision,
  • ie, if he cannot safely perform the activity without someone present in the room with him. Because of the time required to attend an incontinent patient and since he is not socially acceptable, continence was weighted heavily.
A

Barthel

54
Q

What area of practice is described below from the Practice Framework:

Activities of daily living
(ADLs)*
Instrumental activities
of daily living
(IADLs)
Rest and sleep
Education
Work
Play
Leisure
Social participation
A

OCCUPATIONS

55
Q

What area of practice is described below from the Practice Framework:

Values, beliefs, and
spirituality
Body functions
Body structures

A

CLIENT

FACTORS

56
Q

What area of practice is described below from the Practice Framework:

Motor skills
Process skills
Social interaction skills

A

PERFORMANCE

SKILLS

57
Q

What area of practice is described below from the Practice Framework:

Habits
Routines
Rituals
Roles

A

PERFORMANCE

PATTERNS

58
Q

What area of practice is described below from the Practice Framework:

Cultural
Personal
Physical
Social
Temporal
Virtual
A

CONTEXTS AND

ENVIRONMENTS

59
Q

What is Activity Analysis?

A

• Activity Analysis is an important process OT practitioners use to understand the demands a specific activity places on a client:

  • It looks at the typical demands of an activity
  • The range of skills involved in its performance
  • Various cultural meanings that may be attributed to it
60
Q

Code of ethics: What principle is described below:

“Occupational therapy personnel shall demonstrate a concern for the well- being and safety of the recipients of their services” (AOTA, 2010b, p. S18).

A

Principle 1, Beneficence

61
Q

Code of ethics: What principle is described below:

“Occupational therapy personnel shall intentionally refrain from actions that cause harm” (AOTA, 2010b, p. S19).

A

Principle 2, Nonmaleficence

62
Q

Code of ethics: What principle is described below:

“Occupational therapy personnel shall respect the right of
the individual to self-determination” (AOTA, 2010b, p. S20).

A

Principle 3, Autonomy/Confidentiality

63
Q

Code of ethics: What principle is described below:

“Occupational therapy personnel shall provide services in a fair and equitable manner” (AOTA, 2010b, p. S21).

A

Principle 4, Social Justice

64
Q

Code of ethics: What principle is described below:

“Occupational therapy personnel shall comply with institutional rules, local, state, federal, and international laws and AOTA documents applicable to the profession of occupational therapy” (AOTA, 2010b, p. S22).

A

Principle 5, Procedural Justice

65
Q

Code of ethics: What principle is described below:

“Occupational therapy personnel shall provide comprehensive, accurate, and objective information when representing the profession” (AOTA, 2010b, p. S23).

A

Principle 6, Veracity

66
Q

Code of ethics: What principle is described below:

“Occupational therapy personnel shall treat colleagues and other professionals with respect, fairness, discretion, and integrity” (AOTA, 2010b, p. S24).

A

Principle 7, Fidelity

OTB 500 - Theory (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions